Greenhouse greenhouse all year round as a business. Business plan for growing greenery - features of business organization, possible risks and guarantees. The profitability of a greenhouse business

Growing greenery in a greenhouse as a business is an economic, profitable and profitable endeavor. The initial investment in it is low, but the profit from the sale of the product is rather big, especially in the cold season. To organize your own plant for growing greenery, you should draw up a business plan, calculate the costs, decide on the sales market and the varieties grown.

Growing greenery in a greenhouse is a profitable business

Before you start growing greens on an industrial scale, you should decide on the options for selling products. Key distribution options:

The second stage is the official registration of entrepreneurship. This procedure takes up to a month, after which you can legally grow greenery. You should register with the Tax Office as individual entrepreneur and choose a simplified tax assessment system - unified agricultural tax (deductions are calculated depending on the profit received and amount to 6% of it).

Then they install greenhouses, equipment, fertilizers, plant seeds and start growing greenery.

Growing greens - income all year round

Variants and features of growing greens

If a beginner entrepreneur has a piece of land, then growing greenery all year round will not be a problem. But, the most profitable enterprise will be if the site is located in the south of the country, otherwise the costs of lighting, heating and other means necessary for growing greenery will exceed what can be gained by selling the crop.

There are several ways to grow greens yourself:

sowing seeds is the classic, most inexpensive option;
extended cultivation - if the greens grow in the beds, they are dug out of the ground before the onset of cold weather and transferred to the room;
from seedlings - the minus of the method is that you have to grow it yourself or buy it, which will be more expensive than purchasing seeds;
distillation is the most convenient waybecause the seed is ready to grow.

Choosing a variety of grown greens

Before you start growing greens, you should study the needs of the market and decide on varieties.

Dill:

unpretentious;
seeds germinate in a couple of weeks;
the harvest can be realized in 45-50 days;
the optimum temperature for crop growth is only 17 degrees;
not affected by pests and diseases;
cons of dill - requires additional lighting in cold weather and has a short shelf life.

Kinza:

for growing crops, it is preferable to use black soil and the soil must be regularly moistened;
easily tolerates a cold snap;
it is necessary to feed the plants after each cut;
the crop is harvested within a month after sowing;
the optimal temperature for growth is 20 degrees;
for good plant growth, they are planted in volumetric containers and provided with constant illumination.

Parsley:

in cloudy weather and in winter period needs illumination with phytolamps, turned on daily for 4 hours;
the harvest grows in a month;
if the culture was planted with seeds, then the crop will be more than a year old;
needs abundant and regular watering, fertilizing with fertilizers;
grows well at 20 degrees Celsius.

Celery:

more demanding to grow than dill or onions;
resistant to coolness;
of the minuses - seeds germinate for a very long time.

Growing celery in a greenhouse

unpretentious;
gives up to 4-5 harvests per year;
spicy onions ripen quickly, but the feathers are small;
sweet varieties of crops ripen longer, but their weight is greater;
planting of plants takes place in February, in boxes, and in March they are transplanted into a greenhouse;
after planting the first batch, you can immediately start growing the second.

unpretentious;
harvesting is possible after 12 days;
grows in shaded areas;
after cutting, the plants must be fed.

Leaf salad:

more demanding than watercress;
need regular abundant watering;
does not tolerate heat.

Growing lettuce is the most cost-effective activity, with a maximum vegetation period of 25 days. In terms of demand among buyers, the undoubted leader is the onion-feather, and the second and third places are occupied by dill and parsley.

Soil selection

The following types of soil are suitable for growing greenery.

Selection of greenhouses and equipment

Greenhouses are:

The best option for growing greens at any time of the year are polycarbonate greenhouses - they perfectly retain heat, let in sunlight, heating them is not difficult. It should be noted that for uninterrupted cultivation of crops, at least 3 greenhouses will be required:

in 1 - seeds are sown;
in 2 - seedlings rise;
at 3 - the harvest is going.

Basic equipment

To grow greens, you need to purchase a certain set of equipment that provides comfort, convenience and the right level of temperature and lighting.

Heaters or conducted heating is necessary to maintain the temperature level regardless of weather conditions outside the greenhouse. In a moderately cold winter, a pair of heaters will be enough for one greenhouse to maintain a 20-degree temperature.
Lighting devices, lamps - ideally, fluorescent light bulbs or phytolamps are installed, giving the level of illumination the plants need. Each greens crate requires 1 lamp. Reflectors are additionally installed.
Hydroponics system. Growing greenery on an industrial scale without this system is fraught with difficulties and difficulties - from decay of the root system to the defeat of the culture with diseases.
Shelves - containers with herbs will be installed on them.
Thermometer - required for monitoring the air temperature in the greenhouse.
Foil - experienced gardeners recommend using it to wrap pots with plants to avoid overheating the soil.
Irrigation system (ordinary watering cans can be used).
Containers - pallets for plants, for water sedimentation, boxes, bottles and others.

Harvesting and transportation

The disadvantage of greenhouse greenery is that it requires a careful attitude towards itself - the slightest wrong movement and the culture will be damaged, lose its presentation and will not be stored. For this reason, harvesting begins with a preliminary abundant watering of the plants 5.5-6 hours before they need to be pulled out of the ground.

After this time, each plant is carefully poured in with a spatula at the roots. If the harvest of feather onions is harvested, then the feathers are collected together with the heads - the plant is kept at the base of the growth of feathers and is slowly pulled out of the ground. After removing the greenery from the ground, it is necessary to rinse the roots from excess soil, pack and transport to customers.

Greens grown in winter - photo

Storage and transportation of greens is recommended to be carried out in waterproof containers, while the bundles should be leaves up and tightly adjacent to each other. To keep the plants fresh longer, water and special additives are added to the containers. A simple and inexpensive mixture has proven itself well - you need to dissolve an aspirin tablet in a liter of water.

Profit calculation

The business of growing greenery in a greenhouse becomes as profitable as possible in winter - at this time the price of products reaches its maximum. At a price of 200 rubles per kilogram of greens and a yield of 1.5 kilos per square meter, and the ripening of the crop within a month, from a greenhouse of 6 acres, you can get about a ton of products. Accordingly, the profit will be about 200,000 rubles.

Of the money received, about half will go to pay taxes, wages, costs of transportation, purchase of materials, seeds and fertilizing. Eventually, net profit per month will be about 100,000 - 120,000 rubles. AND total costs for organizing and starting a business will amount to a maximum of half a million rubles, this includes:

purchase and installation of greenhouses;
heating or installation of heaters;
lighting installation;
purchase of soil and fertilizers;
purchase of seeds and containers for planting and care;
business documentation and other costs.

At first, the profit should be spent on expanding production in order to be able to grow greens on a larger scale. The demand for high-quality and fresh greens is only growing, so investing your money in this business - the right decision.

Video - Growing greens in a greenhouse in winter: secrets for beginners

Greenery business - 7 stages of implementation of this project + 10 ideas to help ensure stable income + 10 business tips.

Capital investment: you will need from 30,000 rubles
Payback period: from 1 month

The prospect of such an undertaking is obvious: growing greenery as a businessmeets the needs of today's citizens.

Residents of megacities are increasingly experiencing a lack of strength and energy.

A high pace of life, an abundance of information, environmental degradation affect people's health.

Townspeople run to pharmacies and improve their health by buying synthetic vitamins.

Everyone knows that such preparations are absorbed much worse than natural vitamins, which are found in abundance in greens.

In addition, the whole "green tea" is a powerful antioxidant.

It is used as a "detox" diet.

Detox means detoxification.

That is, if a person is not a fan of eating greens or a raw foodist, he will still use them for dietary and medicinal purposes.

As a last resort, as a seasoning and a remedy that improves appetite and digestion.

It is clear that there will always be demand for this type of product.

So you just have to roll up your sleeves and work for the health of your fellow citizens.

Determine the method of growing greens

4 ways to grow greens:

In a room of your own apartment.
In a summer cottage in the open field or in a larger area.
In the greenhouse.
In a heated garage or basement.

If you have nothing at all, you can start with a room in an apartment. There will be little investment.

You will need soil, growing tanks, top dressing and seed.

Seedling boxes must be placed in tiers.

This will increase the usable floor space.

You can't grow a lot here, but as a start to determine what, where, how much and how much they take from you, this is a good option.

What kind of competition?

Maybe this niche in your city is already occupied?

In short, mini-marketing in action.

And you will get acquainted with the peculiarities of growing crops, you will surely try something new and exotic, unusual for our Slavic stomachs.

On a personal plot, it is possible to realize your idea only in warm weather.

The quality of greenery will be higher, but the price will also be lower due to the abundance of products in summer. There is much more to grow here.

Investments will be minimal.

But since the land is not located in the city, transportation costs will increase.

Especially if you are renting large areas.

Growing greenery in is a year-round business.

But this is the most expensive option.

You will have to buy a plot, if you do not have your own, and build a greenhouse on it.

The room must be heated and illuminated.

The soil will drain faster.

Shipping costs will increase as you will be shipping all year round rather than seasonally.

Let's compare the pros and cons of each way of doing business:

Business type	pros	Minuses
Indoor cultivation greenery	✓ Low costs. ✓ All year round. ✓ Opportunity to study the market. ✓ Small risks. ✓ Home business.	✓ Small volume of products - small income. ✓ The quality of the greens is low. ✓ The room can be damaged due to the climatic regime (fungus, etc.).
Outdoor cultivation	✓ Low costs. ✓ High quality greenery. ✓ The ability to regulate the amount of products grown (from medium to large).	✓ Product prices are lower than in winter. ✓ Occupied only part of the year. ✓ Transportation costs.
Greenhouse business	✓ Year-round business. ✓ Medium quality greens. ✓ Large volume of products - more income.	✓ Large investment. ✓ Utilities (heating, lighting, water). ✓ Seasonal sales risks (summer). ✓ Transportation costs. ✓ Doing business in warm areas. In winter, greenhouse maintenance in the northern regions is very costly. ✓ Not all types of greenery do well in greenhouses.
Greenhouse in the garage	✓ All year round. ✓ Medium investment. ✓ Business within the city. ✓ Small risks. ✓ No need to make repairs in the apartment (compared to the 1st point).	✓ High lighting costs are required. ✓ Product quality is low. ✓ Small volume of goods.

The most profitable greens to grow

The most popular crop is green onions, one of the most unpretentious and fast growing.

The downside will be the search for buyers, since many grow it.

Requires a large cultivated area.

The most profitable crop is lettuce.

It costs more and has a growing season of 25 days.

Manage to sell!

Well grown in greenhouses.

Spinach is in demand, but it takes longer to grow.

The options that are always asked and easy to clean are our traditional dill and parsley.

Radish is very cost effective.

Has a short ripening period and high demand.

But large areas are needed for its crops.

Better to start small, gradually expanding the range.

You can grow cilantro, celery, basil, tarragon (tarragon), thyme, sorrel.

A new trend is the cultivation of arugula.

Choose early maturing and hardy crops.

Pay attention to the term and storage conditions of the grown herbs.

Let's organize our analysis and show it in the table.

Types of greenery	Demand	Growing season	Price	Required area	Endurance	Long-term storage	Greenhouse cultivation
Onion feather	+	+	-	-	+	-	+
Parsley	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Dill	+	+	-	+	+	+	+
Salad	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Spinach	+	-	+	+	+	+	-
Cilantro	+	-	-	+	+	-	+
Other types of greenery	-	- + for arugula	+	+	+	+	- (not all cultures)
Radish	+	+	+	-	+	+	+

It remains for you to decide what to choose in the conditions of your area, as the most profitable culture.

Growing greenery in a greenhouse as a business. Features.

Growing greens in a greenhouse is the most costly and time-consuming business of the listed options.

But it is 4 times more profitable than growing vegetables in a greenhouse method.

You will need:

plot, area for a greenhouse;
costly materials for construction (a film greenhouse is cheaper than a glass one) and insulation;
investments in greenhouse equipment (lighting, irrigation system (watering cans), racks, containers for plants, foil for wrapping pots (to avoid overheating the soil), heaters, thermometer);
seeds or seedlings;
priming;
fertilizers;
costs for the necessary technological needs of growing.

There are different technologies for growing greens in greenhouses:

hydroponics (growing plants without soil in liquid media with the addition of fertilizers);
"Intermediate" (peat, hydroponics (liquid fertilizers) and ordinary soil are used); this method is 3 times more expensive than conventional hydroponics.

Also available different types soils that can be used in combination with hydroponics: ordinary soil, sawdust, gravel, coconut fiber, expanded clay, hydrogel.

Each soil has its own characteristics.

So sawdust allows greens not to rot, they are cheap.

Gravel is a practical economical option, but it is heavy and does not retain moisture. Coconut fiber, hydrogel is environmentally friendly, versatile, but expensive.

Expanded clay is ideal.

It retains moisture, is lightweight, and is inexpensive.

The larger the greenhouse, the more you can grow.

But the costs for a large greenhouse are also higher.

It is always better to go from simple to complex, from small to large.

So start with a small greenhouse.

Type of seed for growing greens

Traditionally, the use of seeds is the easiest and cheapest method for sowing.

Later, you can harvest your seeds instead of buying.

You can grow greens from seedlings, but you need to buy them or grow them yourself.

It is beneficial to use seedlings for planting in open ground instead of seeds in order to get a harvest faster.

Extended growing: transferring the plant from the open field to the pot and placing it in its greenhouse conditions.

By the way, boxes with herbs can be sold.

If the plant is decorative, for example, basil, then it can be sold in flower shops.

Forcing is growing from bulbs or tubers.

Business registration for growing greenery

If you have small amounts of grown greens, then you may not be registered as an entrepreneur.

In this case, you sell the products yourself (the market) or hand them over to dealers who offer a low price.

To sell greens to bases, you need to register in stores.

When you have a large surplus of products that you cannot sell yourself, take care of the design (coding

OKVED - А.01.12.2.)

This means that you are an agricultural producer with a preferential form of taxation: the Unified Agricultural Tax will amount to 6% of profit (UAT).

We estimate the profitability and payback period of growing greenery as a business

The payback period for growing greenery is short.

This makes it very attractive.

Some entrepreneurs have achieved 500% ROI.!

But this is from the field of records.

Each growing method has its own profitability and its own lower threshold at which the costs will not pay off.

For example, greenhouse growing as a business has a 30% deadline.

The plate will help us evaluate each type of business.

Business type	Required investments, rub.	Growing season and sowing cycle	Profit per month	Payback period
Room or garage	✓ Seed material - 4000 ✓ Container - 5000 ✓ Fertilizers and soils - 2500 ✓ Lighting - 11,000 ✓ Payment utilities – 2500 ✓ Transport - 5000 Total: 30,000 rubles.	✓ All year round ✓ 4 crops	RUB 30,000	1 month, profitability 50 -180%
Land plot	✓ Seeds - 4000 ✓ Fertilizers - 1000 ✓ Watering - 1500 ✓ Transport - 10,000 Total: 17,500 rubles.	✓ 4-5 months ✓ 2 crops	RUB 30,000	1 month, profitability 100-150%
Greenhouse	✓ Construction Materials - from 40,000 to 130,000 ✓ Hydroponic plant - 30,000 ✓ Container - 7000 ✓ Fertilizers and soils - 3500 ✓ Seed material - 4000 ✓ Lighting - 11,000 ✓ Transport - 10,000 ✓ Communal - 2500 Total: from 108,000 rubles.	✓ All year round ✓ 4 crops	RUB 30,000	1-3 months, profitability from 25-250%

How to organize the sale of grown herbs?

“Don't be afraid of big expenses. We must be afraid of small incomes. "
John Davison Rockefeller

For green businesses, this is a key problem.

The product is perishable, so it is better to find a sales market in advance.

Some buyers will need to conclude an agreement.

You can sell greens:

on the market (retail and small wholesale);
but a wholesale vegetable base;
in the cafe, ;
directly to shops;
organize your store.

To have good earnings on growing greens, we recommend watching the video:

Find points of sale for greenery.
Start a green business with traditional crops.
Gain experience for more simple options cultivation: at home or in the country.
Gradually expand your assortment.
Growing lettuce will help increase income.
If there is an excess of products, register.
Invest your first income in further development affairs.
As you gain experience and desire, master the greenhouse growing of greenery.
Combine indoor and outdoor cultivation.
Open your points of sale for greenery.

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Going through many different ideas for starting our own business, we often do not even think about those options that literally "lie" under our feet. Really, who is interested in paying attention to everyday and unremarkable aspects of our life, after all, we want something global and that money at once and more. Forgetting that in fact, the amount of profit is not always directly proportional to the value of the product or its beauty and fashion, and to be precise, it is often completely unrelated to such aspects.

In this, of course, I do not want to believe, but still. As the simplest example from life, it is worth remembering the battles that unfolded in Moscow just six months ago. In the center of a real "militant" with criminal showdowns, explosions and completely real murders were not oil rigs or gold mines, but a banal Moscow wholesale market of "greenery". Control over this piece is not cheap, considering that they try to "squeeze" it out quite regularly. And the question immediately arises, is this "green business" worth such efforts and sacrifices? If conflicts continue, then it is definitely worth it, and why?

It's all about the very profitability and profitability of a business on greenery, the point is that real calculations economic efficiency growing different crops shows that, all things being equal, growing vegetables is two to three times more profitable than cereals, of course, per hectare. But growing is several orders of magnitude more profitable than growing the same vegetables, how? At the same time, using small plots of land, it is possible to get harvest all year round, and the main thing is that the demand for these products is also year-round. I agree that there are nuances with the cost of grown greens in summer and winter, but even taking into account the reduction in price, the profitability of growing is several hundred percent, there are no such extra charges in any other agricultural business.

The best option for organizing a business on greenery, of course, is a greenhouse, although a closed room is also suitable for the implementation of such an idea, most of the crops that we refer to as "green" thrive both when grown in a greenhouse and grow well under fluorescent light ... It's just that using the greenhouse method is more capital-intensive and not always suitable for a novice businessman, but allocate a utility room of 20 squares and place racks with necessary equipment will cost an order of magnitude cheaper. Plus, in such cases, control over temperature, humidity and the amount of light is much easier and, most importantly, cheaper. Well, we will talk in more detail about growing greens in greenhouses and arrangement technologies in the following publications, do not forget to subscribe.

The most profitable areas of green business:

Option one - we grow dill and parsley... It should be noted that for the most part, the complex cultivation of crops and greenery, including, always looks the best option business. Why did you choose these as the best option?

Pros of growing dill and parsley:

- Parsley and dill are not whimsical and require minimal conditions;
- The consumption of both the first and the second, in our, cuisine is traditional, which is not unimportant, because in such cases we have a stable demand;
- Both are fast growing.

Cons of growing parsley and dill as a green business:

High competition;

Option two - salad... Lettuce is a rather specific culture and has a number of positives, firstly, it grows very well in hydroponics, secondly, hydroponics does not spoil its taste (in fact, it is neutral in itself), and thirdly, stable demand for a whole year. But there is also a significant disadvantage, growing lettuce requires the organization of a more "advanced" growing process, we are talking about the same hydroponics.

The third option for a green business is radish. Radish on domestic markets is more of a seasonal product, appearing in large quantities in spring, at the same time, there is a demand for it all year round, there are a lot of radish fans. The main positive aspects of this direction are:

-the unpretentiousness of the radish itself;
- high productivity;
- fast growing season, new varieties allow you to harvest in 30 days after planting;
- not high competition;

True, there are significant drawbacks, alas, this plant requires large planting areas (compared to dill, parsley and salad). So if it is grown as the main product in the greenery business, you will have to build a full-fledged greenhouse.

Option four - bow on a feather. To be precise,. For some reason, this direction is considered the most better ideas for business, although practice shows that this point of view is erroneous.

Firstly, growing green onions requires large areas, at least the same as when growing radishes, plus you need to provide good lighting and prevent excessive sun exposure, the onions simply turn yellow. In all respects, the cultivation of dill, radishes, parsley and even lettuce is much easier for business than growing onions with feathers.
Secondly, onions, unlike other types of plants used for cultivation, are the most capricious when they are sold. On the one hand, he is very sick, on the other, after reaching the marketable condition, he must be removed quickly, otherwise it will "burn" or shoot "arrows".

Of course, growing green onions is also profitable and possible, but I definitely do not advise using them as the main crop in your business.

Option five - basil, celery, spinach, sorrel. For those who are just starting their business, and even more so from scratch, I definitely do not recommend using these crops for growing. On the one hand, they require more self-care. On the other hand, the demand for these goods is not high enough.

It is worth noting one small feature, the whole green business can be divided into two areas:

The first direction is the sale of grown products independently or in small wholesale (half a kilogram - a kilogram) in our region. In such cases, it will be optimal to grow several crops, or even the entire list, in small areas.

The second direction is the sale of grown goods in bulk. In such cases, you should not be sprayed, but it is optimal to choose one specific culture, for beginners, I would advise you to try parsley, and deal only with it. In this case, you will be able to achieve maximum results in cultivation, and most importantly, you will be able to ensure a rhythmic supply of wholesale lots of one crop, which will ensure interaction with wholesalers.

Finally, I want to say that the green business is perhaps one of the most promising in the world, the main problem is the arrangement greenhouse facilities... In fact, a lot of talk about the impossibility of competition for greenhouses in mid-latitudes, with growing in warm zones, is nothing more than words. Correct organization of the heating system with the use of new technologies allows such products to compete with their "southern" counterparts.

Interesting on this topic

The agricultural business is now gaining momentum. The authorities strongly support initiatives in this area, moreover, often this area of \u200b\u200bmaking money does not require such terrible investments as, for example, opening a sewing factory, a bakery or a cosmetic company. Also, the demand for agricultural products is always great, because good healthy food is something without which a person cannot exist. Growing greenery in a greenhouse as a business is an excellent way to invest in savings in order to get a good income. How profitable is it, how to start it, and how not to go bankrupt in the pursuit of wealth?

By greenery we mean several types of cultivated plants that are grown in any summer cottage and without which the creation of culinary masterpieces is rarely done. These are parsley, onion, dill, lettuce, spinach and other crops. These plants, or rather, their green part, have always been in demand in the food market and find their consumer all year round. Even in the summer, when the majority grows them in the country, there are people who do not like digging in greenhouses and in the beds and purchase such products in the store. And in winter, greens are sold for quite a lot of money, and the demand for it does not subside.

Greens are a product rich in various nutrients and useful substances, the content of which is known not only to you, but also to your customers. And they will strive to constantly acquire greens. The question is - do you? The competition in this business niche is very high, and your competitors are not only grandmothers near the markets selling products from their gardens, but also real "bigwigs" of green business.

Profitable business - growing greenery for sale

The green business can go in two ways.

Growing greenery "for yourself" and selling the surplus. In this case, especially if you have a personal plot, starting a business is not difficult, as the investment will be minimal. But this option will not bring much profit - it is pointless to hope for an instant good income.
Organization of a real farm where greens will be grown only for sale. This option will require investments immediately and rather large, since it implies year-round cultivation of the product.

On a note! For the most part, greens are very unpretentious to growing conditions, they are not afraid of coolness, they do not require super-expensive dressings, they grow quickly. But it needs to be implemented before the moment when it loses its presentation. For this, in addition to the greenhouse, special storage facilities may be needed.

Agricultural business involves obtaining permits for this area of \u200b\u200bactivity. If you decide to start a business with the first option and move towards the implementation of the second, then you can do without them. But in this case, it will not work to sell goods through stores - you can sell it either on your own in a spontaneous market, or to dealers.

But if you open an individual entrepreneur, you will become an entrepreneur who will be able to independently dispose of your goods and conclude contracts for the supply of products.

On a note! Agricultural entrepreneurs will not have to pay taxes on general terms. For them there is the Unified agricultural tax. This is a flat tax designed for those who carry out this type of activity. His rate is only 6% of the net profit.

Pros and cons

Let's summarize and determine the main advantages and disadvantages of growing greens in order to get money.

The advantages of this type of business:

anyone can grow greenery for sale, even a person who does not have special gardening knowledge;
the first profit comes quickly, as the greenery grows and develops at a high speed;
there is an opportunity to use the taxation system of the Unified Agricultural Tax;
small investments at first, if you plan to grow greenery at home or in the summer;
good demand for the product;
there is the possibility of gradual development and expansion of the business as money is accumulated, while you can start growing greens immediately.

Cons of a greenery growing business:

high competition in the market;
to grow greens all year round on an industrial scale, you need;
it is impossible to sell this product through stores without obtaining permits;
short shelf life of greens.

Looking at people making big money in the field of gardening, you involuntarily begin to think about creating own business... Is one of the most profitable ideas in the field of entrepreneurship related to gardening.

Profitability, sales

The sale of greens can be done in several ways:

in restaurants, cafes, canteens and other catering establishments;
through our own retail outlets;
through resellers;
to shops.

At the same time, in order to sell in retail stores, you need to obtain various sanitary documents. But in the case of a sale on the market, you can get off with a demonstration of documents on the presence of a backyard farm.

Advice! Greenery must be sorted by size before being sold. Then she looks cute.

But it is always difficult to sell large quantities of greens due to high competition. Try to gain the confidence of the buyer not only by dumping prices, but also by the quality of products - let your greens be beautifully packaged, fresh and green. This is just the case when it is better not to be greedy, but to sell only fresh produce.

On a note! The profitability of the "green" business is quite high. Sometimes it even reaches 500%. But do not be mistaken about some numbers - from 1 m 2 you will not collect the claimed 4-5 kg \u200b\u200bof greens (they write about this on many sites). The real volume of products from such a territory is about 2-3 kg.

Which greens are best to grow?

It is impossible to give an unambiguous answer to this question. But it is best to cultivate those species for which there is always a demand.

Table. Types of greenery and features of their cultivation.

View	Features of growing for sale
	Green onions are considered by many to be the best variety for growing greens for sale. But this is far from the case. Parsley and dill can also bring considerable profit. Growing onions requires large areas and good but moderate lighting. You need to harvest and sell it quickly, as it quickly loses its presentation. Therefore, you should not make onions the main cultivated crop.
	These crops can be grown in a complex, since they are similar in terms of the required care conditions and feel great next to each other. It is this option that is optimal for starting a greenery growing business. These crops are not capricious, they are easy to sell and keep longer than onions. And they grow very quickly.
	Rare crops are on our table, and therefore it will be more difficult to implement them. You can also try to make spices from them and sell them. They are not suitable for starting a business for a beginner in the world of gardening, as they are capricious and are not in great demand.
	Many people love the salad; it is suitable for decorating dishes. There is good demand for it and it bears fruit very well. But caring for him is more laborious than for onions or dill.
	Similar in terms of growing conditions for salad. The first crop can be obtained approximately 30 days after sowing. It sells significantly worse than other crops.

On a note! You can grow several types of greens at once in the same greenhouse or room. The main thing is that according to the requirements of the culture, they are similar to each other, and you find the time to look after everyone.

Growing greens

There are three main ways to grow greenery for sale:

in the apartment;
in a greenhouse;
in the garden area.

Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. The best option is a heated insulated greenhouse, which will make it possible to grow greens all year round. The main disadvantage of this method is its high initial costs. But this option will allow you to immediately get a large harvest of greens.

Growing greens in an apartment is as easy as shelling pears, this can also be done throughout the year. The costs are small, but you won't be able to turn around widely (of course, unless you have a five-room apartment).

Growing greenery in a garden area also does not involve large costs, and besides, there is a lot to turn around. The downside is the seasonality of the business, in the winter it will not work to grow anything.

Consider the technology of growing onions and dill as the most popular crops.

Dill is sown on the beds in even rows with row spacing of 10 cm. You can also use continuous sowing technology. Seeds are sown in grooves made in the ground with a depth of about 3 cm. The approximate sowing density is about 2 g of seeds per 1 m 2. In the greenhouse, the crop can be obtained constantly, and on the site - at least 2 times a year. The greenery is cut when the plants are 12-13 cm long. The dill should receive enough light to grow well, and the indoor temperature should not be lower than +15 degrees.

Onions can be planted in garden beds or in separate pots. Usually, small bulbs weighing about 30 g are used. Onions are planted in rows with a distance of about 45 cm between them. They are buried in the ground to a depth of about 3-5 cm and, looking after, they wait for the shoots to appear. Feathers are cut when they grow up to 20 cm.

On a note! Onions can be grown in individual pots and sold directly in them. This is one of the new and exciting business ideas.

The salad is also sown in rows. Usually, a leaf variety of this culture is chosen, since it is for it that the greatest demand is. The lettuce is sown on beds with 20 cm aisles, and in a row the distance between the seeds is kept about 3 cm. The seeding density is no more than 0.5 g per 1 m 2. The first harvest takes place about a month after planting. For lettuce to grow well, the soil needs loosening, weeding and abundant watering.

Parsley is usually grown from seeds. Sowing density - about 2 g per 1 m 2. The technology is exactly the same as in the case of growing dill. Parsley grows well, it is one of those crop options that can immediately yield a rich harvest.

Sample business plan

We will try to calculate an approximate business plan for growing greenery. As an example, you can choose green onions, which we will plant in boxes that are 2-3 floors. You can arrange racks in the house, saving on a greenhouse, but it is better to purchase it right away. Our calculation can be projected onto the greenhouse as well. In total, we get about 30 m 2 of planting area in a small room of 20 m 2. Let's solve our problem.

Step 1. We count expenses. Sowing onions are sold in kilograms, for example, at 15 rubles per 1 kg for wholesale warehouse... We need about 10 kg to plant it tightly on 1 m 2. In total, for 30 m 2, we will purchase 300 kg of onions for 4500 rubles.

Step 2. We purchase containers - boxes and boxes. They can be dialed for free in stores. In greenhouses, the beds can be made by hand.

Step 3. On fertilizers will be spent about 2,000 rubles a month.

Step 4. The onion needs light, and the cost of the lamps is about 10,000 rubles.

Step 5. Payment for electricity and water for irrigation - 2500-3500 rubles.

Step 6. The export of products will cost about 5,000 rubles.

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50 000 ₽

Minimum investment

65%

Profitability

20 sq.m.

Required area

From 1 month

Payback period

Most people who choose the idea to start their own "rural" business are among the first to consider growing greenery for sale. Indeed, this idea seems, at first glance, just perfect for a start. To implement it, according to the authors of numerous articles on the Internet, a large start-up capital is not required. Planting material is quite inexpensive, the period for growing greenery is on average a month, and the yield is very high: up to four kilograms of greenery can be harvested from one square meter of area. The demand for such products is stable, and the profitability of such a business is over 65%. However, unfortunately, not all of these statements are confirmed in practice.

Types and features of green crops

Greens are healthy and tasty, contain a large amount of vitamins, improve the taste of the first and second courses, and promote better absorption of food. Green crops are quite resistant to low temperatures, so they can be grown outdoors from early spring to late autumn using early or winter crops. Dill, green onions, lettuce, spinach, and parsley are most often grown. These greens are used to prepare various dishes, and the technology of their cultivation is very simple.

Dillgrown in greenhouses and as an independent crop, and as a sealant. When grown for greens, it is sown on meter-long beds in rows (8-10 cm between rows) or continuous sowing, seeding seeds to a depth of 2-3 cm. The seeding density is 15-20 g of seeds per 10 square meters. meters. Dill is cut when it reaches a height of 10-12 cm.During the summer, depending on the weather and climatic conditions, dill can be sown at least twice. It is noteworthy that of all green crops, dill is the most demanding in terms of lighting and temperature (it must be at least 15 ° C). In addition, it ripens the longest, but at the same time it has the highest productivity.

For growing lukeon a feather, experts recommend using small bulbs with a diameter of up to 30 mm and weighing up to 30 g and a large set. In this case, the seeding pattern is used as an ordinary one with a row spacing of 45 cm or a belt spacing of 20 plus 50 cm.When planting in the fall, the bulbs are sealed to a depth of 4-5 cm, and in the spring - to a depth of 2-3 cm. -25 cm. There are technologies that allow you to grow green onions throughout the year. The best varieties for cultivation for sale are considered "Batun", "Emerald Island", "Parade", "Karatalsky", "Krasnodarsky G-35", "Spanish 313", "Kaba".

Saladsow in early spring and even before winter in an ordinary way. For greenhouse cultivation different types of salad are suitable - cabbage, asparagus, leaf and romaine. Most often, greenhouse lettuce varieties are grown because of its early maturity. However, the headed cabbage grows well, although it is more demanding on lighting and sowing density. Deciduous lettuce is sown at a distance of 15-20 cm between rows and 2-3 cm in a row, and head lettuce - at a distance of 20-25 cm between rows and up to 10 cm in a row. Seeds are planted to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. The seeding density is 5 g of seeds per 10 square meters. meters of area. The crop can be obtained 35-40 days after sowing. Lettuce needs regular care: it is necessary to regularly loosen the soil, destroy weeds and water the plants abundantly. In addition, you need to thin out the plants in a timely manner, otherwise they begin to bloom too early. The early deciduous varieties of lettuce include the following varieties: "Maisky" and "Berlin yellow", to the head ones - "Large green", "Stubborn", "Khrustalny", "Stone head". For autumn sowing, varieties such as "Winter yellow-green" and "Romen" are used.

Spinach grown in the same way as lettuce. The difference is only in the density of the seeding: the distance between the rows should be 15-20 cm. Consumption is 40 g of seeds per 10 sq. meters. The first harvest can be obtained in 30-35 days. Thus, two or more crops can be harvested on one area over the summer. This crop tolerates the first frosts well, so it is often sown in the summer after lettuce, onions and other early crops. Then spinach can be grown until late autumn. The only drawback of this green culture (like lettuce) is the need for regular watering. With the onset of drought, spinach loses its nutritional value and throws out the arrows. The most common spinach varieties include Summer Giant, Virofle and Victoria.

Ready ideas for your business

Parsleygrown both from seeds and by distillation from root crops. Before sowing, parsley seeds are kept in wet gauze for five days at room temperature and another ten days after germination at a temperature of + 1-2 ° C. This allows you to get the first shoots as soon as possible and increase productivity. The sowing rate of parsley is 20 g per 10 sq. meter. It is much more difficult to grow parsley from root vegetables. For this, the roots are kept in sand at a temperature of + 2 ° C, and then planted in moist soil at an angle of 45 degrees and to a depth of 15 cm (with a weight of 60-70 g). First, grooves are cut in the soil at a distance of about 15 cm from each other, then they are filled with water. The distance between plantings should be 5-6 cm, and between rows - 10 cm. The main thing is not to sprinkle the head and neck of root crops with earth. The soil must be slightly compacted and watered vigorously. The harvest can be obtained 30-45 days after planting the roots, when the parsley leaves reach 20-25 cm in length. Moreover, with proper care (regular watering - preferably drip, airing, avoiding sudden temperature changes, good lighting) you can collect up to 6 kg of greens from 1 sq. meters.

For growing greenery for sale, experts advise giving preference to early maturing and hardy varieties. If you plan to grow several types of green crops at once, then the sequence of crops must be observed. First of all, the onion sets are sown, which goes to the feather. Before planting, the material must be prepared. For three days, it is recommended to soak the sets by cutting off the upper part of the head. Then it is planted in a soil well moistened with water (warm, if the ground is not yet warmed up enough). Onions require routine care: loosening the soil, feeding and watering regularly. After the onion, dill and parsley are sown, the seeds of which are also pre-soaked. Two weeks after planting onions and dill, lettuce and spinach can be planted.

Growing greens in greenhouses

Experience shows that it is most profitable to do greenhouse business in southern regions our country - in the Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, where the frosts are not so strong, and the duration of daylight hours is longer. Otherwise, the high costs of gas and electricity in the northern regions will "eat up" all profits from the sale of finished products. For a greenhouse with an area of \u200b\u200b20 sq. meters, heating costs in the winter are about 75,000-80000 rubles. In the middle lane, the cost of heating such an area will average 250,000 rubles per year (if you keep within the electricity quota). It often turns out to be more profitable to deliver finished goods from other regions than to grow greens on your own. The minimum profitability of the greenhouse business should be 20%. Ideally, you should aim for 30-35%, but they are difficult to achieve.

Ready ideas for your business

It is more profitable to grow greens in a greenhouse at least four times than vegetables. However, keep in mind that ideally you need to organize a stable distribution of your products in the nearest settlement in order to minimize transport costs.

The cheapest greenhouse technology for growing green crops is hydroponics. In fact, it allows you to minimize physical labor, reduce the vegetative cycle of plants several times and, accordingly, increase productivity several times. When using hydroponic technology, plants are grown in artificial environments without soil - not in boxes of soil, but in ordinary plastic cups or PVC pipes with holes made in them. They receive nutrients from a humid-air environment, which requires frequent or constant drip irrigation with a working solution of mineral salts. Due to the small volume of growing containers, plants in them can be placed not only in the lower part of the greenhouse, but also vertically and on the walls, and even under the ceiling, which allows you to increase productivity even in a small area. Everything would be fine, if not for one "but": crops grown on hydroponics do not have a characteristic taste and smell. They are practically tasteless, although attractive. appearance... Even the low price does not compensate for the taste flaws. But, nevertheless, although this technology is not suitable for the summer season (when there is an abundance of fresh greens directly from the garden on the market), it is widely used for growing greens during the winter months. In the absence of alternatives, consumers are willing to buy fresh greens, even if their taste is poor.

There are also "intermediate" greenhouse greenhouse technologies, which involve the simultaneous use of peat and conventional soil and liquid fertilizers used in hydroponics. These technologies are three times more expensive in cost than hydroponics, but the products grown with their help are not much different from those grown in the open field.

What material should be used to make greenhouses for growing greenery? Currently, glass and polyethylene are most widely used for this. A glazed greenhouse is more expensive both during the construction phase and during further operation, since glass does not retain heat well. In addition, on hot and sunny days, glass does not retain or scatter light, which can lead to burns in plants. As a last resort, tempered technical glass with a thickness of 6 mm or more can be used for the construction of a greenhouse. This material can be purchased at a price of 1000 rubles per meter. However, polyethylene is not the best option either, since, on the contrary, it transmits light very poorly. On cloudy days, there will be insufficient lighting in such a greenhouse, which adversely affects the plants. And the cost of heating a film greenhouse will be considerable. There are more best options, which are gaining more and more popularity lately - metal structures with acrylic or polycarbonate coating. A greenhouse made of these materials is more expensive than a polyethylene one. But it will last much longer, and its efficiency will be higher.

Ready ideas for your business

The construction of a greenhouse costs from 1,500 rubles per 1 sq. meter excluding additional equipment... At the same time, a greenhouse of 100 sq. meters (a relatively small greenhouse measuring, for example, 5 by 20 meters) gives about 80 sq. meters of usable area. However, the area can be increased to 200 sq. meters using a two-tier shelving system.

A large greenhouse is recommended to be divided into spans of 25 sq. meters, which will facilitate the care of the plantings. In an attempt to reduce the cost of greenery as much as possible, producers do not pay much attention to either the quality of the soil or its fertilization. In extreme cases, if the greens "fade", then it is sprayed with urea, and when mold appears, it is treated with potassium permanganate.

Prospects and risks of "green" business

Although, in general, growing greenery for sale is a promising and profitable direction, but only if several conditions are met. In the first place are the volumes of production - the more they are, the better. And on the second (although this condition is no less important) - the availability of sales channels. Selling greens on the market on your own or selling them to dealers for a penny will not earn much. You can negotiate supplies with cafes and restaurants, but, firstly, their purchase volumes are not so large. Secondly, you need to provide all documents for your products. And thirdly, it will be very difficult to achieve such agreements.

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