Presentation on the topic of work, study and rest. Work and rest mode. Unpaid leave

CDS on the topic: “Nature and man. Labor, study and rest. "The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Karaganda State Medical University
Department of the Russian language
CPC
on the topic: “Nature and Man. Work,
study and rest ".
Completed: Art. gr. 1-002 Stom. Izteleuova Ainur
Checked: Cand. philol. Sciences, Art. Rev. Sizov D.V.
Karaganda 2017

Plan:

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Nature and man
Mountains of Kazakhstan
Flora of Kazakhstan
Violet Altai
Fauna of Kazakhstan
Labor and rest
Study

Nature and man

Man cannot exist separately without nature.
The globe is a man's home. Here he has everything
necessary for life: air, water, food. But unfortunately,
a person often forgets about this, and refers to his
the planet seems to amaze, it destroys the surrounding
nature, forgetting that it is she who gives him life.

Now man is beginning to realize his mistake. is he
understands that you need to take care of your home, because many
generations still want to live on this earth. They want to breathe
clean air, drink clean water, and admire
the surrounding world.

Mountains of Kazakhstan

Altai mountains are an amazing land,
endowed with natural contrasts from
rocky mountains to rocky ridges,
covered with eternal snows.

Tien Shan mountains with
the highest point of Kazakhstan
Khan-Tengri peak. it
the highest mountain is not easy,
which they want to conquer
avid climbers are also
and the beautiful mountain that
boggles the imagination during
sunset, casting a crimson color. Nature
Kazakhstan knows how to surprise
even the most experienced
travelers.

Flora of Kazakhstan

The appearance of each landscape is determined first of all
green plants are the basis of all living things. In Kazakhstan by
the latest data, there are 5754 types of higher
vascular plants, including horsetails, ferns,
gymnosperms and flowering.

Violet Altai

Differs in the largest flowers of all Kazakhstani
violets (there are 30 species). It settles in meadows and humid
rubble slopes from the upper part of the forest belt to alpine.
Occurs from Altai to Western Tien Shan, forming during
blooming purple or yellow "fields".

“A person cannot but be interested in nature, he
connected with her by a thousand inextricable ties, he
her son ”.
I. S. Turgenev

Fauna of Kazakhstan
The modern fauna of Kazakhstan includes 180 species of mammals, 500 species of birds, 52 species of reptiles, 12 species
amphibians, over 100 species of fish. More than 50 thousand species of invertebrates (insects, crustaceans, molluscs,
worms). More than 30,000 species of insects have been recorded alone.

Labor and rest
Labor and rest are a necessary condition of a person for life. Save
performance and good health are possible only with the right combination of mental
and physical labor, as well as active rest and sleep.

Labor regime is the basis of high
performance. It is determined
character and determination
employee. The rhythm of work should be
moderate and well-chosen.
Work should be satisfying
not a feeling of depression. General
the mental state of the employee is also
affects the general climate in the workplace
and the attitude in the team. Ideal
work is an environment in which
business approach is combined, good
relationships, creativity and initiative.

Rest is required to relieve fatigue and fatigue, and also promotes recovery
performance. But the rest must also be motivated. And it turns out, you sleep, you sleep, but
no time to rest. Better to spend some of the rest in an active state. It's a small matter
better than a lot of idleness.

Sleep is a form of relaxation.
Lack of rest, like insomnia,
leads to overwork and reduces
the body's defenses. Sleep is the most
full type of rest, during which
intensive
restoration of the body. Especially in
brain cells.

Studying is interesting.
After all, this is the key that
opens the door to
extensive and
inexhaustible world
knowledge. Not for nothing
came up with a proverb:
"Learning is light and ignorance is darkness". She kind of
stresses that
uneducated person
will achieve nothing in
life, does not learn new and
interesting.

Study, work in moderation to rest and protect nature

List of references:

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Alexandra Dolzhenko: "Study" // Access mode: https://otvet.mail.ru/question/85548380
"Work and rest mode" // Access mode: www.bessonnize.net/23_rezhim.html
Valery M. "In the very center of Eurasia." - Karaganda-1998
Ivashchenko A. A. “Ivashchenko” Growing world of Kazakhstan. - Popular scientific edition. - Almaty: JSC
“Almatykitap”, 2004.

Modes of work and rest are the regulated duration and alternation of periods of work and rest during the shift, days, weeks, set depending on the characteristics of work processes and ensuring the maintenance of high efficiency and health of workers. There are the following modes of work and rest: intra-shift, daily, weekly, annual.

The intrashift mode is set taking into account the phase change in working capacity during the day and the nature of the work. The task of establishing a rational regime of work and rest is to ensure the quick workability of workers, maximize the period of stable high performance, and reduce the phase of fatigue.

A quantitative indicator of the rationality of the intra-shift work and rest regime is the proportion of the period of high working capacity in the working period. The optimal value in the first half of the shift is 75%, in the second half - 65%. A private indicator reflecting the level of performance is the frequency and severity of industrial injuries.

The annual regime of work and rest determines the alternation of working periods with periods of long rest associated with regular annual vacations, which are necessary to maintain health, ensure high efficiency and work longevity. Flexible working hours, which combine flexible and fixed time periods, have great opportunities for improving work and rest regimes.

Labor and rest are a necessary condition of a person for life. It is possible to maintain efficiency and good health only with the right combination of mental and physical labor, as well as active rest and sleep. The working regime is the basis of high efficiency. It is determined by the character and purpose of the employee. The rhythm of work should be moderate and well chosen. Otherwise ...

Work should bring satisfaction, not a feeling of depression. The general mental state of the employee is also influenced by the general climate in the workplace and the attitude in the team. Ideal work is an environment that combines a business approach, good relationships, creativity and initiative.

Sleep is a form of relaxation. Lack of rest, like insomnia, leads to overwork and reduces the body's defenses. Sleep is the most complete type of rest, during which intensive recovery of the body is carried out. Especially in the cells of the brain.

There is even the term occupational therapy, with the help of which specialists treat many diseases and mental disorders, including insomnia. As the saying goes, work and rest is not sweet. Mental disorders The correct mode of work and rest allows you to maintain good health and high performance for a long time. In the mode of work and rest, a special place is occupied by the alternation of rest and work. When choosing a mode of work and rest, an important place is taken by the general state of human health, his age, climatic conditions, diet and other factors.

The establishment of the socially necessary duration of working time and its distribution by calendar periods at the enterprise are achieved when developing rules that provide for the order of alternation and the duration of the period of work and rest. This order is usually called the mode of work and rest. One of the main issues in establishing rational work and rest regimes is to identify the principles of their development. There are three such principles: satisfaction of production needs; ensuring the greatest human performance; combination of public and personal interests.

Intra-shift work and rest - the order of alternation of work and rest time during a work shift. The basis for the development of any intra-shift work and rest regime is the dynamics of working capacity. When developing an in-shift mode of work, taking into account the production conditions and the characteristics of each specific type of work, the total amount of time for rest, the distribution of this time during the shift (breaks in work and their duration), the nature of rest are determined.

Rest can be active or passive. Passive rest (sitting, lying) is necessary for heavy physical work associated with constant transitions or performed while standing, especially under adverse environmental conditions. Active rest is recommended at work taking place in favorable working conditions. The most effective form of active recreation is industrial gymnastics, that is, the implementation of a special set of gymnastic exercises. Active rest accelerates the restoration of strength, since when the activity changes, the energy expended by the working organ is restored faster.

In the 21st century, society's requirements for teachers are much higher than in the previous century. But these requirements cannot be met if favorable conditions are not created for teaching and educational work at school. The personality of the teacher is of no small importance for solving educational and educational problems in educational institutions. The quality of training sessions largely depends not only on the professionalism of the teacher, but also on his internal state - on physical and mental health. As you know, the health of the child is directly dependent on the health of the teacher. The personality of the teacher and his life should be an example of the path of health, and, consequently, morality and wisdom of children and adolescents.

In recent years, programs have been actively developed aimed at preserving and maintaining the health of schoolchildren. However, very rarely it comes to the health of the teacher himself, who every day is in the same conditions as the students, but due to the specifics of his work is more susceptible to the growing factors of social tension in society. The work of a teacher is a constant return of mental strength and a constant, often abrupt, change of situations. Statistics show that recently the number of diseases of the nervous system, voice-speech organs, the musculoskeletal system, and the vascular system has increased among teachers of various educational institutions. In this regard, we found the topic of researching a teacher's health interesting.

In clarifying issues related to the specifics of the work of a teacher, a lot of valuable information is provided by the study and comparison of the professional activities of rural and urban teachers. It is known that the main risk factors for a teacher's work are: - increased psycho-emotional stress; - significant voice load when performing professional duties; - prevalence of static load in the process of labor activity with insignificant general muscular and motor load; - a large amount of intense visual work; - high density of epidemic contacts. Each of these main risk factors of pedagogical work can contribute to the emergence of professionally determined types of pathology of the nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems.

If you do not start working on yourself, do not learn how to restore your vitality and relieve stress, then you can soon move from the group with an average degree of threat of breakdown to the next group. 17% of teachers have a depletion of vitality, a high level of disruption of protective mechanisms.

Of the 30 teachers surveyed, only one adheres to the diet, while the rest do not follow it, sometimes even go without breakfast and lunch. This attitude to the diet is associated with a heavy workload. And this shows the attitude towards their health. It was also found that teachers (77%) do not exercise. Only (10%) of the teachers surveyed, if possible, allocate time for physical education and sports on the day off. All the teachers surveyed have a fairly good memory.

Teachers often complain that it is difficult for them to withstand a large voice load: the voice gets tired, catches breath. Most of these shortcomings are associated with their lack of skills in correct speech breathing. In this regard, the school administration must provide for the implementation of hygienic preventive measures to preserve the voice and prevent diseases of the upper respiratory tract. For example, to properly plan the teaching load for each teacher during the day and during the week; improve the acoustic performance of classrooms; maintain the norms of indoor microclimate indicators; create favorable conditions for teachers to rest during breaks, etc.

From our own research, we can conclude that teachers with a long pedagogical experience (20-25 years) are more susceptible to occupational diseases than teachers with less work experience. Starting with 15 years of experience, rural and urban teachers already have chronic diseases of various body systems. The main task of psychohygiene and psychoprophylaxis in the work of a teacher is the normalization of the moral and psychological climate in the team, interpersonal relations, and the neutralization of factors that increase psycho-emotional stress. It is very useful for a teacher to master the technique of autogenous training, which is a highly effective method for relieving fatigue, avoiding overwork, improving well-being, and managing the emotional state.

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High school student's daily regimen Eating mode Rational nutrition Homework Sleep Biorhythms Test Test results How to develop the habit of getting up early? Helping sleepers Daily rest healthy lifestyle

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High school student's day regimen

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Diet

A diet should be maintained. It should be correct: in the morning - milk porridge and a sandwich with tea for lunch - the first and second for dinner - juices.

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Balanced diet

The presence of products of increased biological value is mandatory: fermented milk products fish meat fruits vegetables

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homework

After lessons, you should rest for 30 min-1 hour. Homework should be done in order of difficulty.

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Sleep

Sleep should be at least 8 hours a day. You need to go to bed at about the same time.

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Biorhythms

Owls Larks Pigeons

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Test

1. If you were asked to choose (regardless of school and all that stuff), what time would you go to bed? a) after 1 am; b) up to ten; c) most likely somewhere around twelve. 2. What to eat in the morning is a matter of taste. What kind of breakfast do you prefer the first hour after waking up? a) something significant, and more; b) A glass of juice or tea; c) You can boiled egg or sandwich. 3. If you try to remember all sorts of tensions and showdowns with friends, then at what time do they most often occur? a) of course, in the morning, when I still have difficulty thinking! b) in the late afternoon; c) I can't remember exactly. 4. Think about what you could give up more easily so as not to feel discomfort at the same time? a) from morning tea or coffee; b) from evening tea; c) I don't really care when to drink tea ...

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5. If you know that you need to get up early the next day, will you try to fall asleep earlier than usual? a) necessarily - an hour and a half to two; b) in my opinion, it is not necessary ... c) no. 6. Try to figure out if it is difficult for you to wake up on an alarm clock? How do you feel when he rings early? a) I am sometimes ready (a) to break it; b) in principle, no; c) it only depends on what time I go to bed the night before. 7. Think about it, and during the holidays (vacation) do you get up as early as usual when you are going to school (work)? a) I sleep as much as I want; b) yes, it just so happens: I do it as if out of habit; c) hard to say. 8. Try to determine the time interval equal to one minute without a clock (you can use someone's help). How exactly did you do it? a) it turned out less than a minute; b) it turned out more than a minute; c) hit (a) almost to the point.

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Count the number of points

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Test results.

0-18 points LARK 18-33 points OWL 34-48 points DOVE

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Owls

People-"owls" are more active in the evenings, and during the day they walk like sleepy flies. back

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Larks

Those who get up early and have time to do a lot in the morning are called "larks." back

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Pigeons

Such people do not have clear instructions only to get up early or, conversely, to always wake up closer to lunchtime. back

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How to develop the habit of getting up early?

Be clear about the reason why you want to get up early (in our case, not be late for school) Set the alarm for a specific time. The alarm should turn off immediately, without the possibility of "wake-up". The alarm clock should be away from the bed. You shouldn't be able to turn it off while lying in bed. Place the clothes you put on in the morning on your way to the alarm clock. This will help you cut off your retreat (go back to bed) and remind you of the seriousness of your intention. Eat a lot in the morning, little in the evening. In the evening, replace meat with fruits and vegetables. Sleep on your back on a low pillow (or no pillow at all). Ventilate the room before going to bed Keep the room quiet and dark while sleeping

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Slide captions:

TOPIC: Work and rest hours of students

Educational questions 1. Regime is a necessary condition for a healthy lifestyle 2. Mental and physical performance 3. Daily regimen for students 4. Prevention of overwork

A person lives with the Earth's 24-hour rhythm During the day, the following changes: Body temperature Heart rate blood pressure level Efficiency

Remember - all human organs have their own biological rhythms

2. Mental and physical performance of a person Mental performance of a person changes during the day The best period from 9 to 11 hours After rest from 16 to 17 hours

Physical performance of a person Strongest from 8 to 12 hours and from 14-17 hours Weakest from 3 to 5 hours

School student's daily routine Awakening Morning exercises Breakfast School class Lunch Walk Cooking lessons Dinner Free time Sleep

Overwork

Signs of overwork Frequently headache Poor sleep Dreaming nightmares After sleep overwhelmed and tired Poor appetite

To prevent fatigue: Eliminate or reduce exposure to harmful irritants Organize your rest appropriately (alternating between different activities) Eat smart

Review questions How to understand biological rhythms? When should the ray prepare lessons? When to do sports? Daily regime. How to avoid overwork?

Homework Analyze your daily routine and give an assessment

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