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Changes and amendments

Adopted by the State Duma on July 8, 2006
Approved by the Federation Council on July 14, 2006

Article 1. Scope of the present Federal law

1. This Federal Law governs relations arising from:

1) exercise of the right to search, receive, transfer, produce and disseminate information;

2) the use of information technology;

3) ensuring the protection of information.

2. The provisions of this Federal Law do not apply to relations arising from legal protection the results of intellectual activity and the means of individualization equated to them.

Article 2. Basic concepts used in this Federal Law

The following basic concepts are used in this Federal Law:

1) information - information (messages, data), regardless of the form of their presentation;

2) information technology - processes, methods of searching, collecting, storing, processing, providing, disseminating information and ways of implementing such processes and methods;

3) information system - a set of information contained in databases and information technologies and technical means ensuring its processing;

4) information and telecommunication network - technological system, intended for transmission over communication lines of information, access to which is carried out using computer technology;

5) owner of information - a person who independently created information or received, on the basis of a law or an agreement, the right to authorize or restrict access to information determined by any signs;

6) access to information - the ability to obtain information and use it;

7) confidentiality of information - a mandatory requirement for a person who has gained access to certain information not to transfer such information to third parties without the consent of its owner;

8) provision of information - actions aimed at obtaining information by a certain circle of persons or transferring information to a certain circle of persons;

9) distribution of information - actions aimed at obtaining information by an indefinite circle of persons or transferring information to an indefinite circle of persons;

10) electronic message - information transmitted or received by the user of the information and telecommunication network;

11) documented information - information recorded on a material medium by documenting information with requisites that make it possible to determine such information or in accordance with legislation Russian Federation cases, its material carrier;

12) operator of an information system - a citizen or a legal entity carrying out activities for the operation of the information system, including the processing of information contained in its databases.

Article 3. Principles of legal regulation of relations in the field of information, information technology and information protection

Legal regulation relations arising in the field of information, information technology and information protection is based on the following principles:

1) freedom to search, receive, transfer, produce and disseminate information in any legal way;

2) establishment of restrictions on access to information only by federal laws;

3) openness of information on the activities of state bodies and local self-government bodies and free access to such information, except for cases established by federal laws;

4) equality of the languages \u200b\u200bof the peoples of the Russian Federation in the creation of information systems and their operation;

5) ensuring the security of the Russian Federation during the creation of information systems, their operation and protection of the information contained in them;

6) the reliability of information and the timeliness of its provision;

7) inviolability of private life, inadmissibility of collection, storage, use and dissemination of information about the private life of a person without his consent;

8) the inadmissibility of the establishment by regulatory legal acts of any advantages of using some information technologies over others, unless the mandatory use of certain information technologies for the creation and operation of state information systems is established by federal laws.

Article 4. Legislation of the Russian Federation on information, information technology and information protection

1. The legislation of the Russian Federation on information, information technologies and on the protection of information is based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation, international treaties of the Russian Federation and consists of this Federal Law and other federal laws governing the use of information.

2. The legal regulation of relations related to the organization and activities of the mass media is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the mass media.

3. The procedure for storing and using the documented information included in the archival funds is established by the legislation on archival affairs in the Russian Federation.

Article 5. Information as an object legal relationship

1. Information can be the object of public, civil and other legal relations. Information can be freely used by any person and transferred by one person to another person, unless federal laws establish restrictions on access to information or other requirements for the procedure for its provision or dissemination.

2. Information, depending on the category of access to it, is divided into publicly available information, as well as information, access to which is limited by federal laws (information of limited access).

3. Information, depending on the procedure for its provision or distribution, is divided into:

1) information freely distributed;

2) information provided by agreement of the persons participating in the relevant relationship;

3) information that, in accordance with federal laws, is subject to provision or distribution;

4) information the dissemination of which in the Russian Federation is restricted or prohibited.

4. The legislation of the Russian Federation may establish the types of information depending on its content or owner.

Article 6. Information holder

1. The owner of information can be a citizen (individual), a legal entity, the Russian Federation, a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a municipal formation.

2. On behalf of the Russian Federation, a subject of the Russian Federation, municipal formation the powers of the information owner are exercised, respectively, by state bodies and local self-government bodies within the limits of their powers, established by the relevant regulatory legal acts.

3. The owner of the information, unless otherwise provided by federal laws, has the right:

1) allow or restrict access to information, determine the procedure and conditions for such access;

2) use the information, including disseminate it, at its own discretion;

3) transfer information to other persons under an agreement or on another basis established by law;

4) protect their rights in the manner established by law in the event of illegal receipt of information or its illegal use by other persons;

5) carry out other actions with information or permit the implementation of such actions.

4. The owner of information, when exercising his rights, is obliged:

1) observe the rights and legitimate interests other persons;

2) take measures to protect information;

3) restrict access to information, if such a duty is established by federal laws.

Article 7. Publicly available information

1. Publicly available information includes generally known information and other information, access to which is not limited.

2. Publicly available information can be used by any person at their discretion, subject to the restrictions established by federal laws in relation to the dissemination of such information.

3. The owner of information that has become publicly available by his decision has the right to require the persons disseminating such information to indicate themselves as a source of such information.

Article 8. Right to access information

1. Citizens (individuals) and organizations ( legal entities) (hereinafter referred to as organizations) have the right to search for and receive any information in any form and from any sources, subject to the requirements established by this Federal Law and other federal laws.

2. A citizen (individual) has the right to receive from state bodies, local self-government bodies, their officials in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation, information directly affecting his rights and freedoms.

3. An organization has the right to receive information from state bodies, local self-government bodies that directly relate to the rights and obligations of this organization, as well as information necessary in connection with interaction with these bodies in the implementation of its statutory activities by this organization.

4. Access to:

1) regulatory legal actsaffecting the rights, freedoms and duties of a person and a citizen, as well as establishing the legal status of organizations and the powers of state bodies, local self-government bodies;

2) information about the state of the environment;

3) information on the activities of state bodies and local self-government bodies, as well as on the use of budgetary funds (except for information constituting state or official secrets);

4) information accumulated in open funds of libraries, museums and archives, as well as in state, municipal and other information systems created or intended to provide citizens (individuals) and organizations with such information;

5) other information, the inadmissibility of restricting access to which is established by federal laws.

5. State bodies and local self-government bodies are obliged to provide access to information about their activities in Russian and the state language of the corresponding republic within the Russian Federation in accordance with federal laws, laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and regulatory legal acts of local self-government bodies. A person wishing to gain access to such information is not obliged to justify the need to obtain it.

6. Decisions and actions (inaction) of state bodies and local self-government bodies, public associations, officials that violate the right to access to information may be appealed to a higher authority or a higher official or to court.

7. If, as a result of unlawful denial of access to information, untimely provision of it, provision of knowingly inaccurate information or information that does not correspond to the content of the request, losses have been caused, such losses are subject to compensation in accordance with civil law.

8. Information is provided free of charge:

1) on the activities of state bodies and local self-government bodies posted by such bodies in information and telecommunication networks;

2) affecting the rights and obligations of the interested person established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

3) other information specified by law.

9. The establishment of fees for the provision by a state body or a local self-government body of information about its activities is possible only in the cases and on the terms established by federal laws.

Article 9. Restricting access to information

1. Restriction of access to information is established by federal laws in order to protect the foundations of the constitutional order, morality, health, rights and legitimate interests of others, to ensure the country's defense and state security.

2. Compliance with the confidentiality of information, access to which is limited by federal laws, is mandatory.

3. Protection of information constituting a state secret is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on state secrets.

4. Federal laws establish the conditions for classifying information as information constituting a commercial secret, official secret and other secrets, the obligation to maintain the confidentiality of such information, as well as responsibility for its disclosure.

5. Information received by citizens ( individuals) when they execute professional responsibilities or organizations when they carry out certain types of activities (professional secrecy), is subject to protection in cases where these persons are obliged by federal laws to maintain the confidentiality of such information.

6. Information constituting a professional secret may be provided to third parties in accordance with federal laws and (or) by a court decision.

7. The term of fulfillment of obligations to maintain the confidentiality of information constituting a professional secret can be limited only with the consent of the citizen (individual) who provided such information about himself.

8. It is prohibited to demand from a citizen (individual) to provide information about his private life, including information constituting a personal or family secret, and to receive such information against the will of the citizen (individual), unless otherwise provided by federal laws.

9. The procedure for access to personal data of citizens (individuals) is established by the federal law on personal data.

Article 10. Dissemination of information or provision of information

1. In the Russian Federation, the dissemination of information is carried out freely subject to the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Information disseminated without the use of mass media must include reliable information about its owner or about another person disseminating information, in a form and in an amount sufficient to identify such a person.

3. When using for the dissemination of information means that allow you to determine the recipients of information, including postal items and electronic messages, the person disseminating the information is obliged to provide the recipient of the information with the opportunity to refuse such information.

4. The provision of information is carried out in the manner established by the agreement of the persons participating in the exchange of information.

5. Cases and conditions for the mandatory dissemination of information or the provision of information, including the provision of mandatory copies of documents, are established by federal laws.

6. It is prohibited to disseminate information that is aimed at propaganda of war, incitement of national, racial or religious hatred and enmity, as well as other information for the dissemination of which criminal or administrative liability is provided.

Article 11. Documenting information

1. The legislation of the Russian Federation or agreement of the parties may establish requirements for documenting information.

2. In federal executive bodies, information is documented in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of the Russian Federation. The rules of office work and workflow established by other state bodies, local self-government bodies within their competence must comply with the requirements established by the Government of the Russian Federation in terms of office work and workflow for federal bodies executive power.

3. An electronic message signed with an electronic digital signature or other analogue of a handwritten signature is recognized electronic document, equivalent to a document signed with a handwritten signature, in cases where federal laws or other regulatory legal acts do not establish or imply a requirement to draw up such a document on paper.

4. In order to conclude civil law contracts or formalize other legal relations in which persons exchanging electronic messages participate, the exchange of electronic messages, each of which is signed with an electronic digital signature or other analogue of the handwritten signature of the sender of such a message, in the manner prescribed by federal laws, other regulatory legal acts or agreement of the parties, is considered an exchange of documents.

5. Ownership and other proprietary rights to tangible media containing documented information are established by civil legislation.

Article 12. Government regulation in the field of information technology application

1. State regulation in the field of information technology application provides for:

1) regulation of relations related to the search, receipt, transfer, production and dissemination of information using information technology (informatization), on the basis of the principles established by this Federal Law;

2) development of information systems for various purposes to provide citizens (individuals), organizations, state bodies and local governments with information, as well as ensuring the interaction of such systems;

3) creation of conditions for effective use of information and telecommunication networks in the Russian Federation, including the Internet and other similar information and telecommunication networks.

2. State bodies, bodies of local self-government in accordance with their powers:

1) participate in the development and implementation of targeted programs for the use of information technologies;

2) create information systems and provide access to the information contained in them in Russian and the state language of the corresponding republic within the Russian Federation.

Article 13. Information Systems

1. Information systems include:

1) state information systems - federal information systems and regional information systems created on the basis of federal laws, laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, respectively, on the basis of legal acts of state bodies;

2) municipal information systems created on the basis of a decision of a local government body;

3) other information systems.

2. Unless otherwise established by federal laws, the operator of the information system is the owner of the technical means used to process the information contained in the databases, who lawfully uses such databases, or the person with whom this owner has concluded an agreement on the operation of the information system.

3. The rights of the owner of the information contained in the databases of the information system are subject to protection, regardless of copyright and other rights to such databases.

4. The requirements for state information systems established by this Federal Law shall apply to municipal information systems, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation on local self-government.

5. Features of the operation of state information systems and municipal information systems can be established in accordance with technical regulations, regulatory legal acts of state bodies, regulatory legal acts of local government bodies that make decisions on the creation of such information systems.

6. The procedure for the creation and operation of information systems that are not state information systems or municipal information systems is determined by the operators of such information systems in accordance with the requirements established by this Federal Law or other federal laws.

Article 14. State information systems

1. State information systems are created in order to exercise the powers of state bodies and to ensure the exchange of information between these bodies, as well as for other purposes established by federal laws.

2. State information systems are created taking into account the requirements stipulated by the Federal Law of July 21, 2005 N 94-FZ "On placing orders for the supply of goods, performance of work, provision of services for state and municipal needs."

3. State information systems are created and operated on the basis of statistical and other documented information provided by citizens (individuals), organizations, state bodies, local government bodies.

4. Lists of types of information provided on a mandatory basis are established by federal laws, the conditions for its provision - by the Government of the Russian Federation or the relevant state bodies, unless otherwise provided by federal laws.

5. Unless otherwise established by the decision on the creation of a state information system, the functions of its operator are performed by the customer who has entered into a state contract for the creation of such an information system. At the same time, the commissioning of the state information system is carried out in the manner prescribed by the specified customer.

6. The Government of the Russian Federation has the right to establish mandatory requirements for the procedure for putting into operation certain state information systems.

7. Operation of the state information system is not allowed without proper registration of rights to use its components, which are objects of intellectual property.

8. Technical means intended for processing information contained in state information systems, including software technical means and information protection means must comply with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on technical regulation.

9. Information contained in state information systems, as well as other information and documents at the disposal of state bodies are state information resources.

Article 15. Use of information and telecommunication networks

1. On the territory of the Russian Federation, the use of information and telecommunication networks is carried out in compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of communications, this Federal Law and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. Regulation of the use of information and telecommunication networks, access to which is not limited to a certain circle of persons, is carried out in the Russian Federation, taking into account the generally accepted international practice of the activities of self-regulatory organizations in this area. The procedure for using other information and telecommunication networks is determined by the owners of such networks, taking into account the requirements established by this Federal Law.

3. The use on the territory of the Russian Federation of information and telecommunication networks in economic or other activities cannot serve as a basis for establishing additional requirements or restrictions related to regulation these activitiescarried out without the use of such networks, as well as for non-compliance with the requirements established by federal laws.

4. Federal laws may provide for mandatory identification of a person, organizations using an information and telecommunications network when carrying out business activities... In this case, the recipient of an electronic message located on the territory of the Russian Federation has the right to conduct a check, which makes it possible to identify the sender of the electronic message, and in cases established by federal laws or by agreement of the parties, he is obliged to carry out such a check.

5. The transfer of information through the use of information and telecommunication networks is carried out without restrictions, provided that the requirements established by federal laws for the dissemination of information and the protection of intellectual property are observed. The transfer of information can be limited only in the manner and on the conditions established by federal laws.

6. Features of connecting state information systems to information and telecommunication networks can be established by regulatory legal act The President of the Russian Federation or a regulatory legal act of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 16. Data protection

1. Information protection is the adoption of legal, organizational and technical measures aimed at:

1) ensuring the protection of information from unauthorized access, destruction, modification, blocking, copying, provision, distribution, as well as from other illegal actions in relation to such information;

2) observance of confidentiality of information of limited access,

3) the exercise of the right to access information.

2. State regulation of relations in the field of information protection is carried out by establishing requirements for the protection of information, as well as liability for violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation on information, information technology and information protection.

3. Requirements for the protection of publicly available information may be established only to achieve the goals specified in clauses 1 and 3 of part 1 of this article.

4. The owner of the information, the operator of the information system in the cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, are obliged to ensure:

1) prevention of unauthorized access to information and (or) transfer of it to persons who do not have the right to access information;

2) timely detection of facts of unauthorized access to information;

3) prevention of the possibility of adverse consequences of violation of the procedure for access to information;

4) prevention of impact on technical means of information processing, as a result of which their functioning is disrupted;

5) the possibility of immediate recovery of information modified or destroyed due to unauthorized access to it;

6) constant control over ensuring the level of information security.

5. Requirements for the protection of information contained in state information systems are established by the federal executive body in the field of security and the federal executive body authorized in the field of countering technical intelligence and technical protection of information, within the limits of their powers. When creating and operating state information systems, the methods and methods of protecting information used to protect information must comply with the specified requirements.

6. Federal laws may establish restrictions on the use of certain means of protecting information and implementing certain types activities in the field of information security.

Article 17. Responsibility for offenses in the field of information, information technology and information protection

1. Violation of the requirements of this Federal Law entails disciplinary, civil, administrative or criminal liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Persons whose rights and legitimate interests have been violated in connection with the disclosure of information of limited access or otherwise misuse such information, has the right to apply in the prescribed manner for judicial protection of their rights, including claims for damages, compensation for moral damage, protection of honor, dignity and business reputation... A claim for damages cannot be satisfied if it is presented by a person who did not take measures to maintain confidentiality of information or violated the requirements for information protection established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, if the adoption of these measures and compliance with such requirements were the obligations of this person.

3. If the dissemination of certain information is limited or prohibited by federal laws, civil liability for the dissemination of such information shall not be borne by the person providing the services:

1) either on the transfer of information provided by another person, subject to its transfer without changes and corrections;

2) either to store information and ensure access to it, provided that this person could not know about the illegality of the dissemination of information.

Article 18.On invalidation of certain legislative acts (provisions of legislative acts) of the Russian Federation

From the date of entry into force of this Federal Law, to declare invalid:

1) Federal Law of February 20, 1995 N 24-FZ "On Information, Informatization and Protection of Information" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1995, N 8, Art. 609);

2) Federal Law of July 4, 1996 N 85-FZ "On participation in international information exchange" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996, N 28, Art. 3347);

3) Article 16 of the Federal Law of January 10, 2003 N 15-FZ "On Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Adoption of the Federal Law" On Licensing Certain Types of Activities "(Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2003, N 2 , p. 167);

4) Article 21 of the Federal Law of June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ "On Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation, Recognition of Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation as Invalid, Providing Certain Guarantees to Employees of Internal Affairs Bodies, Turnover Control Bodies narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and the abolished federal bodies of the tax police in connection with the implementation of measures to improve government controlled"(Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2003, N 27, Art. 2700);

5) Article 39 of the Federal Law of June 29, 2004 N 58-FZ "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation and the Recognition of Invalidation of Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Implementation of Measures to Improve Public Administration" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2004, N 27, Art.2711).

The president
Russian Federation
V. Putin

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1. Babayan Mikhail Garikovich. New hardware platforms for exploring a free object in a quantum system There is a review.
Co-authors: Roshina Evgeniya Valerievna, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Accounting, Don State Technical University
Over the past decades, new physical effects have begun to be used to build standards: the quantum Josephson effect, the quantum Hall effect, the Meissner effect, the Mössbauer effect, etc. effects, quantum Josephson effects are of great importance in the development of reference measuring technology, as well as in the future and working measuring instruments. and Hall. Consider three examples of affine monoids. The first derives from information theory and provides a natural model for image distortion, as well as a multidimensional analogue of a binary symmetric channel. The second, from physics, describes the process of teleportation of quantum information with a given entangled state. The third is a purely mathematical construction, a free affine monoid over the Klein group four. Let us prove that all three of these objects are isomorphic.

2. Molchanova Oksana Evgenievna. Social networks in teaching English. Didactic properties of social networks. There is a review.
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5. Sevostyanova Yulia Sergeevna. APPROACHES TO THE DESIGN OF ONLINE CLASSIC DANCE COURSE USING MODERN WEB TECHNOLOGIES There is a review.
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Combinatorial - logical problems and problems of their solution associated with high dimension are considered. An integrated approach to solving combinatorial-logical problems is proposed by including functionally-oriented hardware in computing systems, which is designed to carry out applied mathematical software procedures that are difficult to implement by means of universal computers. The basic operations of data transformation are considered, such as data compression, expansion, vector intertwining and others. The solution of the main logical cell and the structure of the decision field is proposed.

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The article discusses a model for assessing document quality work program discipline. An assessment of the developed model is carried out, and an information system is considered, which allows creating a document of the work program of the discipline.

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The article examines the impact of the Internet industry on the economy. The experience of introducing Internet banking is considered. The advantages of Internet banking are shown. The analysis of the impact of the mobile economy on the country's economy and its impact on people is carried out.

15. Kuchinskaya Irina Gennadievna. Digitalization of business and economy of the Republic of Belarus There is a review. Article published in # 64 (December) 2018
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The article examines and presents data on such issues as the economic content of business digitalization, as well as the factors necessary for its implementation. And also the results of the most famous ratings for assessing digital transformation for individual EAEU and EU countries are considered. Because the the most important area in the development of digitalization, is cooperation and interconnection both between consumers and organizations, and between the organizations themselves.

16. Ivashko Kristina Sergeevna. System for determining the quality of printed products There is a review. Published in # 59 (July) 2018
Co-authors: Piguz Valentina Nikolaevna, Head of the Department of Computer Information Technologies (KIT), Government agency "Institute for Problems of Artificial Intelligence"
The article discusses the process of determining the quality of printed products from the point of view of psychophysiological perception of visual information, as well as from the point of view of information theory, from the point of view of printing technology; specifics related directly to the production of printed (printed) products are established, some indicators affecting the quality of printed products are determined.

17. Ershova Sofia Evgenievna. The need to implement the "electronic journal" system at NSUEU There is a review.
Co-authors: Isaeva Margarita Vyacheslavovna, student, Department of Information Technologies. Kazakov Vitaly Gennadievich, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Information Technologies
The introduction of "Electronic Journals" makes it easier to work with paper documents and allows you to access data from anywhere. In Novosibirsk state university there is no such system of economics and management. The university has several buildings, it is very inconvenient to transfer documents from one building to another, therefore the introduction of the "Electronic Journal" system will improve organizational work at the university and facilitate the grading process.

18. Kuznetsov Evgeny Nikolaevich. Study of the Zhukovsky model There is a review.
Co-authors: Blagoveshchensky Vladimir Valerievich, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, professor
The work is devoted to the topic of the study of the Zhukovsky model. As you know, building a model makes it possible to obtain answers to the questions under study. Demonstratively showing the planning trajectory, taking into account the necessary parameters. The main goal is to compose and solve the equation taking into account the thrust force, build a model and study.

19. Skvortsov Sergey Alekseevich. An attempt to use the MathCad computer application for calculating the ballistic trajectory in laboratory work of grade 7 (8, 9). There is a review.
Co-authors: Blagoveshchensky V.V., Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Information Technologies, Kostroma State University
Currently, ballistic missiles are used for military purposes to deliver nuclear weapons anywhere on Earth. In this work, we propose a project for using a ballistic missile as vehicle for the delivery of people and goods to anywhere in the world. The trajectory of such a flight and the overloads that arise in this case are calculated.

20. Pavlova Irina Valentinovna. Method for factoring an integer There is a review.
The article provides a method for factoring an integer number into factors.