How e-government is developing in the Russian Federation. Scientific electronic library. Fundamentals of electronic government in Russia

The task of transition to e-government (or, in other words, e-government, information state) is set before authorities Russia for over 15 years. During this time, a number of conceptual and programmatic documents were adopted, including the following:

State Program of the Russian Federation "Information Society (2011 - 2020)", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2014 N 313, subprogram 4 "Information state"

Public Service Transition and Execution Plan state functions in electronic form by federal executive authorities, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 17, 2009 N 1555-r.

Development strategy information society in the Russian Federation, approved by the order of the President of the Russian Federation of February 7, 2008 N Pr-212.

Order of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the concept of the formation of electronic government in the Russian Federation until 2010" dated May 6, 2008 N 632-r.

The concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2008 N 1662-r.

Federal target program "Electronic Russia (2002 - 2010)", approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of January 28, 2002 N 65.

The current (until 2020) tasks for the development of the information state and the indicators that need to be achieved are formulated as follows (State Enterprise "Information Society"):

improving the quality of the provision of public services by converting them into electronic form;
development of services based on information technology to simplify procedures for interaction and communication between society and the state;
development of special information and information technology systems to support the activities of public authorities;
creation and development of electronic services in the field of health care, education, science and culture, in other areas;
spread best practice information society at the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation

Target indicators and indicators:

the share of electronic document flow between government bodies in the total volume of interdepartmental document flow;
the share of public authorities and local self-government bodies with a data transfer rate through the information and telecommunications network "Internet" of at least 2 Mbit / s, in the total number of surveyed organizations of public authorities and local self-government bodies;
the share of state and local government bodies that used electronic signature means in the reporting year;
share of new generation passports in total issued passports proving the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation outside the territory of the Russian Federation

The concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 also names improving the quality and availability of public services provided by executive authorities as one of its main tasks. Appropriate measures to achieve this goal include clear regulation of the procedure for the provision of public services, implementation of measures aimed at simplifying procedures, reducing transaction and time costs spent by consumers to obtain them, as well as introducing procedures for assessing the quality of services provided by consumers - citizens and entrepreneurs , the formation of a network of multifunctional service centers for the population and the provision of consumers' access to government services online on the Internet ("electronic government").

There is no single body in Russia responsible for the transition to an e-government. Powers in this area are distributed among several departments, the main of which are the Ministry of Economic Development, which implements the transition to e-government as an element of administrative reform, and the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media, which is responsible for technical and technological components, including informatization of state bodies. The coordination of actions of ministries and departments, as well as federal and regional authorities is carried out within the framework of a number of interdepartmental commissions, the main of which is

Dedicated to the role of technology in modern society. "Paper" I learned from the lecturer "OU", Deputy Director of the Center for Electronic Government Technologies Dmitry Trutnev, whether there is an electronic government in Russia, why electronic queues turn into a massive pandemonium and can officials lose their jobs due to digital technologies.

What is e-government?

People are still in power, but many control mechanisms are being automated and digital algorithms are replacing people. For example, there is no need to stand in line to pay for utility bills and communicate with employees of utilities. Instead, you can go to the site and pay in a few clicks. The same applies to the storage of documents: information about citizens is transferred from paper archives to electronic databases, where the necessary information about a particular person can be found in a short time. In general, e-government is a management system in which the state provides services and information to the population using digital technologies.

Is there an electronic government in Russia?

Yes. In Russia, the emphasis is on electronic interaction with citizens. One of the most common services is online application submission. At the same time, the procedure can be completed only offline: the issuance of documents often occurs in personal presence. For comparison, each citizen has an ID-certificate, with which you can use 4 thousand electronic services, including automatically log in to the websites of government agencies and hospitals.

Dmitry Trutnev

Now the emphasis in Russia is placed on electronic interaction with citizens, but in reality this does not improve the quality of life. Because there is a bias: digital services appear, but there is no modernization of the internal functions of government bodies.

What can already be issued using electronic systems in Russia?

Apply for a passport, passport and benefits, pay fines and utility bills.

Dmitry Trutnev, Deputy Director of the Center for Electronic Government Technologies:

To receive an electronic service, you need to identify yourself, that is, be registered in the Unified Identification and Authentication System. According to statistics, no more than 12% of Russians are now registered in it. That is, physically no more than 12% of Russians can use these services.

Why do electronic queues in Russia still turn into living ones?

Another problem is that for the majority of the population, the Internet is still not very accessible, both physically and due to technical unpreparedness. And many still have to stand in a queue. For such people, the emergence of electronic services makes the situation worse, because the one who has the Internet is ahead of them.

Which requests are processed electronically faster than offline?

From the most obvious - the period for issuing a passport has been reduced. Those changing passports outside the place of residence can now receive a document within 30 days, instead of two months, as before. If you apply to the Federal Migration Service, where the document was drawn up, then it will be restored in ten days. But, according to Trutnev, this example is an exception, and success is associated with the popularity of the service. Despite the fact that digital algorithms greatly simplify bureaucratic procedures, they cannot greatly influence the timing of their implementation without changing legislation.

Does the transition to digital methods of management threaten the security of personal data of citizens?

Storing data in paper form, as well as in electronic form, does not guarantee complete security of personal data. But Dmitry Trutnev claims that, according to global practice, when using modern means of protecting digital information, electronic systems are more reliable than paper ones.

Dmitry Trutnev, Deputy Director of the Center for Electronic Government Technologies:

Personal data leaks occur regularly, but there is no confirmed harm due to the misappropriation of, for example, citizens' passports. In the case of paper documents, the risks are the same, but the volumes are less.

Will e-government leave officials out of work?

This is technically possible, but only partially. Digital technologies can replace only those officials who are engaged in data collection, analysis and reporting. But it is important to consider the legislative language. Let's say a driver who broke the rules road traffic, you need to write out a fine. If the camera recorded an offender, and the law clearly states that for speeding at 20 km / h there is a fine of 500 rubles, then the algorithm can find the driver and send him a fine on its own, without human intervention. But if the law says that the size of the fine is from 200 to 500 rubles, then the automation will not be able to do anything. Decision-making, modernization and work on legislation always remains with people. In the case of good development of electronic government, according to Trutnev, the reduction in civil servants reached 50%.

What foreign experience of e-government is not applicable to Russians?

The centers of public services that have appeared in Russia are based on the experience of Germany and Brazil. However, if in these countries, with the help of centers, the speed of rendering services has sharply increased and the costs of government agencies have decreased, then in Russia, Trutnev sums up, this led to the exact opposite effect: it created an additional burden on the state and increased budget spending. The most negative examples are Korean and Chinese. The Internet is closed there, and digital technologies do not affect the transparency of communication between the government and citizens, but act exclusively in favor of state interests. At the same time, none of the experiences of using electronic control can be called entirely positive or negative.

How can citizens themselves improve the effectiveness of e-government?

Citizens cannot independently influence the development of digital governance mechanisms. However, there are cases of successful joint work of citizens and the government. When in Finland they decided to create a system e-learning in Lapland and other northern regions of the country, residents of settlements bought computers and used the Internet at their own expense. Then there was an alternative for them: to financially invest in electronic system education or daily take their children to school for several tens of kilometers.

The development of modern information technologies (the introduction of electronic document management, the creation of portals) has led to the formulation of the task of improving the quality of the provision of public services to public authorities by introducing these technologies into the practice of their own activities.

Today there are many of the most different definitions the term "electronic government". In short, e-government can be described as the automation of the process of providing public services. Gartner Group defines e-government as the continuous optimization of service delivery, citizen political participation and governance by changing internal and external relationships through technical means, The Internet and modern media.

Electronic government (e-Government) is a system of interactive interaction between the state and citizens using the Internet, a new model government controlledtransforming traditional relations between citizens and government structures.

It is necessary to distinguish government equipped with an electronic interface (online government, government on-line, GOL) from e-government. It is clear that e-government is always connected with citizens through an online interface. But online government is not always e-government. The latter requires a deeper restructuring of traditional forms of activity.

Electronic government is a way of providing information and providing an already formed set of public services to citizens, business, other branches of government and government officials, in which personal interaction between the government and the applicant is minimized and information technologies are used as much as possible.

This is a whole system of public administration based on the automation of the entire set of administrative processes throughout the country and serving the purpose of significantly increasing the efficiency of public administration and reducing the costs of social communications for each member of society. The creation of e-government involves the construction of a nationwide distributed system public administration, which implements the solution of a full range of tasks related to the management of documents and their processing.

The e-government model has four distinct areas of relationship:

between government services and citizens (G2C - government-to-citizen),
government and private companies (G2B - government-to-business),
government organizations and their employees (G2E - government-to-employee)
between different government bodies and levels of government (G2G-government-to-government).

E-government has the following main goals:

optimization of the provision of government services to the population and business;
increasing the degree of participation of all voters in the processes of governing and governing the country;
reduction of labor costs and time for processing and preparation of documents, acceptance management decisions;
increasing the level of performing discipline and simplifying the mechanism of its control
ensuring the promptness (compliance with the deadlines established by law) of the provision of services to the population;
acceleration of interaction with subordinate organizations, other authorities,
ensuring openness and accessibility of information on the activities of state and local authorities, as well as the services they provide;

reducing the costs of government bodies to ensure interaction with each other and with the population. units located in other cities or remote offices;

The creation of e-government provides not only more efficient and less costly administration, but also a fundamental change in the relationship between society and government. Ultimately, this is a factor in improving democracy and increasing the responsibility of the authorities to citizens.

The following principles of organizing "electronic government" can be distinguished

Citizen orientation. Citizens (taxpayers) must determine the policy and direction of the project.
Convenience and ease of use. All electronic applications used in the digital government are aimed at making the system easier for citizens to use, increasing the speed of service requests and reducing the waiting time.
Business transformation. All software, architecture and infrastructure, and e-government policies are aimed at making the government system an efficient business model, with its associated value chain.
Cost and complexity. They should be kept to a minimum so that the work with the system would not cause difficulties for either private or corporate users.
Service. The effectiveness of e-government should be manifested in its ability to quickly and cost-effectively serve the largest number of citizens, while providing the highest quality of service.
Conformity. Electronic applications must fully comply with the general architecture of security systems, identification, electronic payments, as well as the general design of the user interface of the system.
Scale of solutions. Applications should ensure interaction between the various structures and bodies that make up the system and full interoperability.
Execution. Applications should be consistent with the goal of improving transactions by reducing the length and complexity of service and effort.
Reporting. Applications should increase the accuracy of data and the ability to archive it and audit transactions.
The speed of implementation. The term for revision and implementation of applications should be from three to nine months.
Ready for action. Governments must be willing to join the system and tailor their work to it. While accepting certain risks, these bodies should be guided by sound examples and common sense, being confident in the success and usefulness of the project.

In international practice, sufficient experience (both positive and negative) has already been accumulated in the development and implementation of stages and projects for creating e-government architecture. Today there is no single template that could meet all the conditions and solutions to the problem of forming an electronic government. Each country has its own unique combination of circumstances, priorities and available resources that can be used to meet this challenge.

Analyzing the experience of e-government construction in different regions and countries of the world, it is customary to single out three main architectural models that have received practical implementation in America, Europe and Asia. Conventionally, they can be called as follows: the American model, which reflects the specifics of its formation in the United States; European, within which the development of electronic government structures is carried out in most countries of Western, Central and Eastern Europe. And finally, Asian model with the greatest success implemented in Singapore and South Korea.

The American e-government model is developed in the USA and Canada. The program of its creation in the United States primarily aims to simplify and reduce the cost of interaction between citizens and business representatives with government agenciesand also to make possible their direct communication with citizens. The American government is gradually becoming the largest consumer of information technology and software in the country. His spending on high-tech solutions is estimated at $ 40-50 billion per year.

In Canada, where in the provision of services there are problems similar to those in Russia and due to the geographic situation - long distances, extreme climatic conditions, the specifics of the northern peoples, low population density in most of the country and cultural diversity, as well as the structure of power (in the structure of the government of Canada, there is a separation of powers, not a hierarchy of power), a system of "one window" on federal level has been implemented for about ten years. Back in the 1990s, a service-oriented government was announced in Canada. In September 2005, Services Canada was launched to become a one-stop service provider providing multi-channel access to various services and customer-oriented. By choosing one of the options for providing a service, whether by telephone, in person or via the Internet, a citizen has universal access to government programs and services. The program is managed by the Minister of Human Resources and Social Development.

Services Canada currently has 320 public service locations, a Services Canada college and a high quality service certification program. In order to achieve vertical integration similar service providers exist in the provinces of Canada and work with Services Canada.

The European model is characterized by the presence of supranational institutions - the European Parliament, the European Commission, the European Court, the recommendations of which are binding on all EU countries. Therefore, the European model is focused primarily on leveling the playing field and coordinating e-government activities for all countries of the European Union.

The Asian model is based on a specific management style, the Asian type of corporate culture and a multilayered system of government, organized according to the principle of a hierarchical pyramid. The government of South Korea, while forming the model of "electronic democracy", made the main emphasis on meeting the information needs of the population and introducing information and communication technologies into the system of culture and education.

Recently, government sites on the Internet have become more and more popular, the active development of the Network makes the authorities of most countries to develop the electronic component of their activities.

A study by Taylor Nelson Sofres, in which more than 28 thousand people from 31 countries (Australia, Canada, USA, Japan, South Korea, Turkey and a number of European countries) were interviewed, showed that the number of citizens using the worldwide network to access government services increased significantly over last years, in general, 30% of the population turns to websites of various government agencies.

According to the research, people primarily turn to government resources to obtain information. At the same time, the percentage of the population using them to conclude transactions and receive personalized services has been increasing recently.

The most popular e-government sites are in Sweden - 57% of the population consider them very useful, and in Norway (56%), Singapore and Denmark (53%), England and Japan have the lowest rates in this regard (13%).

Back in March 2001, Japan approved a comprehensive program for the development and implementation of promising information and telecommunication technologies in the country "Electronic Japan" (e-Japan), designed for 2001-2005. Her the main objective - formation of conditions on the territory of the country for the introduction of information technologies, the creation of infrastructure for high-speed data transmission networks, the development e-commerce... All this was supposed to give impetus to the economy of the country, which has recently been in a state of stagnation.

In mid-2005, the World Bank held a video seminar, where the experience of building e-government in the United States and Canada was presented in a concentrated form, as well as its importance for developing countries (Brazil, Guatemala, Macedonia, Mexico, Sri Lanka, Uganda, etc.) was analyzed. ). Most of the World Bank's client countries now look to the American and Canadian experience as a source of best practices and training materials for designing and implementing their own national strategies for building e-government, developing a system management framework, and creating a unified architecture. Studying the experience of implementing projects in advanced countries is necessary in connection with the desire to avoid common mistakes and maximize the rate of return on investment. At the same time, there are many factors that must be considered and taken into account in specific implementations: population size of the country; cultural, socio-economic and political characteristics; the prevalence of Internet access in society; sources and readiness of financing projects, etc. All these issues were studied by the executors and participants of the Federal Target Program "Electronic Russia", while developing their own views on the possibility of using foreign experience in our conditions.

Thus, the program for the creation of electronic government in many countries of the world suggests that it is necessary to develop information technologies as a factor in ensuring effective government administration and providing the population with high-quality social services.

Work on the creation of electronic governments in various countries is carried out under the slogan of greater openness and accountability of governments to citizens. Electronization of, say, the payment of taxes by citizens is only a technological and completely non-main task in this movement. Accountability, in turn, is not limited to providing some information that citizens need, but is ensured by an open specification of sets of performance indicators for specific government agencies and the creation of tools for monitoring these indicators available to the population. Building such a system will allow citizens to independently judge the performance of government agencies, and not rely only on statements by their leaders or superiors and on media reports.

In Russia, a federal target program "Electronic Russia (2002 - 2010)" has been developed and adopted for the implementation of a project for the introduction of electronic government. In 2006, the Government of the Russian Federation approved a new edition of the Federal Target Program "Electronic Russia (2002-2010)" prepared by the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation, in which one of the directions for the implementation of the program's measures is "ensuring the effectiveness of interaction between government bodies with the population and business entities based on ICT , and the Concept of the formation of electronic government in the Russian Federation until 2010, adopted a year later, already defines one of the goals of the formation of electronic government as improving the quality and availability of public services provided to citizens and organizations, simplifying the procedure and reducing the time for their provision, reducing administrative costs on the part of citizens and organizations associated with their receipt, the introduction of uniform standards of service to citizens. The concept of "electronic government" in the Concept is defined as "a new form of organizing the activities of public authorities, which, through the widespread use of information and communication technologies, provides a qualitatively new level of efficiency and convenience in obtaining public services and information on the results of the activities of state bodies by citizens and organizations.

According to the Concept, e-government was to be created in two stages:

1) 2008 - development and approval of the necessary documents,

2) 2009-2010 - practical implementation.

On September 10, 2009, Resolution No. 721 "On Amendments to the Federal Target Program" Electronic Russia (2002-2010) "" was issued.

IN new edition The programs practically reflect the activities, goals, performance indicators aimed at building the infrastructure of the electronic government of Russia and the implementation of the Concept for the formation of electronic government in the Russian Federation until 2010.

According to the provisions of the Program, the construction of e-government infrastructure will be built on a unified technological platform by combining its functional elements on a single telecommunications infrastructure - information systems of federal executive authorities, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, as well as infrastructure elements public access - access centers in public receptions, libraries and Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Russian Post", departmental and regional call centers, websites of state bodies on the Internet, regional multifunctional service centers.

Fulfilling the instruction of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation assessed the possibility of extending the term of the Program for 2011-2012 and proposed to consider this inappropriate.

For the programmatic implementation of information policy in public authorities for the needs of society in the Russian Federation, the development of e-government infrastructure, solving the problems of departmental and regional informatization, widespread penetration of information and communication technologies into the life of citizens and organizations, and ultimately modernizing the economy and social relations a new program will be developed in the Russian Federation - the long-term target program "Information Society (2011-2018)".

It is assumed that the main directions of the program will be the development of state automated information systems, the implementation of departmental programs for the development of the information society, the information development of regions, the development of national information infrastructure... One of the main points of the program is the creation in Russia of "electronic government" at the federal and regional levels.

However, some experts are very skeptical about all of the above programs. Their main argument is that the amounts invested by the state for their implementation are enormous, if the federal target program "Electronic Russia" cost less than 100 billion, then 375 billion are planned to be spent on the long-term target program "Information Society (2011-2018)" rubles. Expenditures from the budgets of federal and regional executive bodies of various levels are also provided. Within the framework of these programs and budgets, government organizations create numerous websites, information systems, Internet portals, etc. Many organizations already have a dozen of "Internet Assets", various Information Systems and internal corporate portals on their balance sheets. Huge costs are spent not only on their creation and launch, but also on their maintenance and operation.

Many of the resources described above have already died, some are abandoned and not supported, and most exist only for show and reporting to higher and regulatory authorities. But money from the budget is still allocated and used for them, regardless of their current state, and in absolute terms, these amounts are usually much larger than what commercial organizations spend on such work.

According to experts who criticize the programs for introducing e-government, the very idea of \u200b\u200bcreating their own state social networks and various Internet Information Portals for budget money at any level of government is wrong and flawed. There are especially many of them on topics such as medicine, education, culture, sports, and youth policy. Moreover, these are not only projects financed from the federal budget, but also regional ones / E. Lerner /

So it will be much better for the state and society if the state retains the very minimum on the Internet - official sites. Government organizations no need to create your own state social networks and portals, you can perfectly collaborate and use the most successful existing ones.

The portal of public services http://www.gosuslugi.ru/ is a "one-stop shop" system of the all-Russian state information center, which allows citizens and commercial enterprises to communicate with various government organizations that provide certain information and services using electronic digital signature technologies ... it innovative project, offering a unified infrastructure for standardization and integration of the sphere of rendering electronic services and basic management processes within individual government organizations and, therefore, for the transition to interdepartmental electronic interaction and the possibility of providing legally significant remote services to citizens.

A brief excursion into the history of its development: in Russia, in 2006, work on the provision of state services in electronic form at the federal level was actually failed. In 2007, on the contrary, large-scale work was carried out to create a trusted portal of public services. However, due to the imperfection of the legislative framework and the need to carry out a wide range of work by the forces of state authorities, it was not possible to provide public services in electronic form. Thus, as of the first quarter of 2008, more than 75% of the Internet resources of federal executive bodies have not made progress in improving the quality of the provision of information about public services beyond the first, informational, minimum stage. Other departments were at all in this issue in a state close to zero. But, finally, on December 15, 2009, a trusted portal of public services - www.gosuslugi.ru, designed to provide citizens and organizations with public services in electronic form through a single website on the Internet, was launched

The "Government Services" portal (Gosuslugi.ru) is a reference and information portal. Thanks to this portal, any person or organization can receive information about public services, the procedure for their presentation and registration, and forms of appeal. All information about public services posted on the website of public services by regional and federal bodies of the Russian Federation. Also, the State Service website provides an opportunity to receive these same services.

For a more convenient search for answers to the sought questions, the site is divided into government services provided to individuals and government services provided legal entities... For a more convenient search, you can make a selection by category, department and emerging life situations... The site "state services" also contains pages with all the latest publications and an interesting section dedicated to professional answers to all kinds of questions. In addition to all of the above, there is a section with the most frequently needed services on the "government services" website.

On the website of public services, all services are structured and divided into categories, by departments and by life situations. Therefore, finding the service you need should not be so difficult. The site contains the following sections:

The information on the site is grouped into the following categories:

For individuals:

Citizenship, registration, visas
A family
Social Security
Land and property relations
Taxes and fees
Law enforcement activity
Labor and employment
Nature management and ecology
Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
Culture, art
Education and Science
Department of Housing and Utilities
Business activities
Health care
Insurance
Information technology and communication
Transport and road facilities
Customs
Economics, finance, statistics
Energy

For legal entities

In addition to all those listed for individuals, the section contains additional subsections:

Non-profit organizations
Manufacturing, construction and trade

It is also possible to group data by departments that provide a particular service, as well as by life situations. The site contains current news and a reference section "Questions and Answers". In addition to the above-mentioned areas of providing services, a lot of information regarding finance, production, housing and communal services and agriculture, culture and ecosystem.

On first stage The portal performs informational and reference functions: it contains descriptions of public services, the procedure for their provision, lists of documents required to obtain them, forms and samples of applications, receipts, contacts of the relevant government bodies. Now the portal has such a set of information about more than 100 federal and 250 regional government services. The information on the portal is posted and updated by the departments themselves, which provide certain services.

Some types of public services available now:

state technical inspection vehicle (recording);
receiving applications from citizens for the establishment of labor and state pensions;
accepting applications for voluntary entry into the pension co-financing program;
informing the insured about the state of their retirement account;
registration, issue, replacement of passports of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
issuing invitations to enter the Russian Federation, as well as making decisions on issuing visas;
licensing of activities for the manufacture of prosthetic and orthopedic products by orders of citizens, as well as providing information about such organizations;
licensing medical activity, as well as providing information about these organizations
providing information on the provision of high-tech free medical care
receiving a tax return on personal income tax;
organizing the issuance of a temporary residence permit in the Russian Federation and a residence permit in the Russian Federation to foreign citizens;
registration at the place of stay and at the place of residence.

Since 2011, for most public services on this portal, it will be possible to fill in all the necessary forms, then print the required document. From 2012, it will be possible to submit documents electronically.

At the next stages, it will be possible to submit documents to government agencies through the portal in electronic form without a personal appearance. In the future, an electronic document, after it is sent, goes to a certain official for consideration, and a user on the same site can track the status of the document.

The concept of e-government is also based on the idea of \u200b\u200bforming an electronic document flow, both intradepartmental and interdepartmental. Highlights from the point of view documentation support management for the organization of intradepartmental workflow are as follows:

the probability of losing documents with paperless document circulation is reduced to a minimum, in contrast to working with paper documents;
to search required document it takes only a few minutes - the means of attributive search provide a quick search for an electronic document even by incomplete details, and when a bar-coding system is introduced, an instant search by a bar code is possible;
approval of documents and making decisions on documents takes from several hours to 2-3 days, even if one coordinator is in Kaliningrad, and the second in Vladivostok;
participants in the approval process have access to reviews of other approvers, as well as versions of the document;
time and resources are saved to ensure interaction of employees within the organization due to automation service notes, applications, internal rules for the movement of documents, assignment of orders and generation of reports on executive discipline, quick and controlled familiarization of employees with new documents, simplification of document management;
with citizens' appeals, work is carried out promptly and accurately in compliance with the deadlines - they are also entered into the system, which directs them according to the regulations laid down in it and controls the timing of preparation of response decisions;
documents can even be signed electronically when using an electronic digital signature in the organization;
managers of various levels have a holistic picture of the ongoing processes;
the costs of ensuring interaction between different authorities are reduced, the administration of this process is simplified;
there are tools for tracking the timing of the provision by other authorities of data and documents necessary for making decisions and providing public services;
documents can even be signed electronically when using electronic digital signatures in organizations - transmission of signed electronic digitally signed documents can be considered sufficient and do not require duplication of paper documents;
searching for documents, regardless of the organization that prepared them, takes several minutes, if the interdepartmental document flow of two or more organizations is implemented in a single information space - all organizations operate in fact in a single system.

Access to documents is facilitated, a real possibility of their reuse is created. The prerequisites for converting information into knowledge have been created.

All documents are collected in a single document repository - for an organization with many divisions throughout Russia (or the entire region), it is enough to create a single archive of documents. Controlling access to documents is much easier to organize when working with electronic documents and their archival storage - access rights are determined by the role of a specialist in eDMS systems BOSS-Referent. To Work with electronic document from the archive, several specialists can simultaneously, while only one employee can use a paper document. The cost of storing documents is reduced, since the electronic archive of documents takes up a much smaller area and requires less maintenance costs.

The creation of e-government is powerful tool systems of information and intellectual support and decision-making, allowing in practice to implement the knowledge management system in public authorities.

The essence of e-government

Definition 1

E-government is a package of technologies and a set of related organizational measures and regulatory support designed to implement digital interaction between government bodies of different branches of government, organizations, citizens and other economic entities.

It presupposes an effective way of providing information on the implementation of the activities of state bodies, the provision of state services to businesses, citizens, other branches of government and officials, in which personal interaction between the applicant and the state is minimized, since the opportunities provided by mobile technologies are maximized. information technology and the Internet.

Electronic government is based on information and telecommunications infrastructure, we are talking about the infrastructure of a state scale, the core of which is an electronic document management system. The state management automation system is based on the automation of the entire community of management processes on a national scale and serves the purpose of increasing the efficiency of management and reducing the costs of public communications for any member of society.

National programs for the formation of electronic government include a phased arrangement of a nationwide distribution system for managing society, which implements the solution of a huge range of tasks related to the management of documents and their processing.

Fundamentals of electronic government in Russia

E-government is a part of the administrative reform measures, digital transformation set by the principles of the digital electronic economy.

The formation of the basis for e-government began in the process of implementing the state-level program "Information Society". The main work on the creation of electronic government began with the adoption of the RF program "Information Society (2011-2020)", which was approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 20.10.2010, No. 1815-r, according to which a set of works on the formation of a unified telecommunication information technology infrastructure of e-government.

At the moment, the main elements of the national infrastructure of e-government have been created and are functioning, including:

Unified system of interagency electronic mutual action;
Unified portal of municipal and state services;
National Platform for Distributed Data Processing;
A unified system of authentication and identification in the infrastructure, which provides information-technological interaction of information systems used to provide municipal and state services in electronic form;
Information system of the head certification center.

Free and round-the-clock informational and reference support for citizens when working with any projects of the Electronic Government is provided by pJSC company Rostelecom Rostelecom Contact Center (PJSC MTs NTT).

Single portal of state and municipal services

Remark 1

The portal of municipal and state services, in addition to informing about the procedure for obtaining municipal and state services, provides an opportunity for applicants to submit applications in electronic form for receiving state services, receive information about the process of considering applications in electronic form, as well as a legally significant result of considering an application.

In addition, the user has the opportunity to post a review on the quality of the services provided to him in electronic form. At the moment, when registering on the Portal, the user has the right to independently choose the method of obtaining the code to activate the personal account, either through the post office at the place of residence, or at the nearest customer service center of PJSC Rostelecom. To simplify the procedure for registering and activating a Personal Account on the Portal, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation together with PJSC Rostelecom launched over 80 customer service centers. Every citizen of the Russian Federation has the opportunity to register and receive an activation code by presenting:

own passport;
pension certificate - SNILS.

It should be noted that the personal data of any user, identification data and information regarding passwords are protected. unified system authentication and identification. The subsequent development of the above procedure implies the issuance of activation codes by municipal and state authorities. The resource is adapted for users with disabilities.

In 2011, versions of the Portal were developed in three foreign languages:

English;
German;
French.

Interactive forms of applications for state services provided to citizens of foreign states registered in the Russian Federation have been translated and published. Some other updated information is also available in foreign languages. As of May 2012, more than nine hundred federal, twelve thousand regional and more than twenty-three thousand information was posted on the Single Portal. municipal services... Available is filing applications in electronic form for one hundred and fifty four federal and about one and a half thousand regional and municipal services. As of December 2012, over 3.3 million users were registered on the Portal, who subsequently submitted more than six million applications for the provision of municipal, regional and federal services.

E-government is a public administration system based on the automation of the entire set of management processes throughout the country and serving the purpose of significantly increasing the efficiency of public administration and reducing the costs of social communications for each member of society. The creation of e-government involves the construction of a nationwide distributed public administration system that implements the solution of the full range of tasks related to document management

and their processing.

Tasks of e-government

1.optimizing the provision of government services to the public and business;

2. support and expansion of self-service opportunities for citizens;

3. growing technological awareness and qualifications of citizens;

4. increasing the degree of participation of all voters in the processes of governing and governing the country;

5. reducing the impact of the factor of geographic location;

E-government provides effective and less costly administration, a radical change in the relationship between society and government, improved democracy and increased responsibility of the authorities to the people.

In the context of the development of information and communication technologies, all areas of activity of state bodies in electronic form are in demand by citizens and organizations of various forms of ownership. The relevance of this area is emphasized by the dynamic development of such spheres as social (FSS, Pension Fund, FMS), legal (advocacy, notaries, legal proceedings), economic (budget, finance, taxes), cultural (science, education), medical, municipal sphere ( Housing and communal services), etc.

"Project management" is the development, formation, implementation, coordination and implementation of projects, strategies, programs of informatization and communication to the executive bodies of state power and their subordinate organizations in order to meet the needs of the population, state bodies, local governments and organizations in access to services communication, information resources and information interaction.

The main tasks of the project manager:

· Implementation of programs for the development of informatization and communications, including the "electronic government" system;

Coordinates and promotes implementation work the latest technologies in terms of informatization and communication in executive bodies state power;

· Optimization and regulation of planning, control, adjustment of project plans;

· Tracking the progress of the targeted programs implemented by the Ministry;

· Analytics of results and formation of reports on the fact of implementation of measures in the field of development of informatization and communications;

· Preparation of design documentation for participation in federal competitions.

E-government is not a supplement or analogue of traditional government, but only defines a new way of interaction based on the active use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in order to improve the efficiency of public service delivery.

Currently, there is no single concept of e-government. There is only a set of general requirements that citizens and businesses can expect from the government of the information society. Various categories of consumers are united by a common desire to obtain more efficient means of access to information in order to reduce the cost of transactions, to make interaction with government agencies easier, faster and more comfortable.

Thus, the EP has the following main goals:

· Optimization of the provision of government services to the population and business;

· Increasing the degree of participation of all voters in the processes of governing and governing the country;

· Support and expansion of opportunities for self-service of citizens;

· Growing technological awareness and qualifications of citizens;

· Reducing the impact of the factor of geographic location.

Thus, the creation of an EDS should provide not only more efficient and less costly administration, but also a radical change in the relationship between society and government. Ultimately, this will lead to the improvement of democracy and an increase in the responsibility of the authorities to the people.

electronic government card state

How e-government is developing in the Russian Federation. Scientific electronic library. Fundamentals of electronic government in Russia

Fundamentals of electronic government in Russia

Single portal of state and municipal services

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