What can be made from wood business idea. Woodworking: business plan, woodworking machines and necessary documents. Handmade stained glass

Necessary equipment.

An approximate income plan for a mini carpentry business

Setting up a medium-scale woodworking business.

Additional tools.

Decorating wood is one of the oldest crafts known in the world. We, in Russia, attach particular importance to this craft. Many wood products are decorated and decorated with this particular craft.

The development of the art of artistic woodworking in Russia was influenced by the development of the state itself, and the cultural development of the people. Therefore, the history of the advancement of wood craft in our country is divided into several main periods.

Very few original monuments of ancient Russian art of the 9th-16th centuries have come down to us. But based on ancient manuscripts, drawings in painting, information from guests who visited ancient Kiev and Veliky Novgorod indicate that even then artistic processing tree occupied definitely high positions in the life of the state and the people.

They built houses from wood, made furniture, dishes, city fortifications, workshops, outbuildings, ships, sledges, pavements, water pipes, machines and lathes, tools and tools, children's toys and the like. All this was decorated with geometric patterns carved on them. The production of spoons from ash, maple, birch, on the tips of which various ornaments were cut out, was in particular demand, one of the most popular was braiding.

The 15th century brought the inhabitants of Russia liberation from the rotting of the Tatar-Mongol yoke and the founding of a centralized state, the center of which was Moscow. Subsequently, folk arts, including the artistic processing of wood, received freedom. Creative people got free rein in their craft. It was at this time that the greatest artists of the wood craft of Ancient Russia lived: Theophan the Greek, Andrei Rublev, Dionysius, who stood out for the integrity and harmony of their works.

The masterpieces of decorative and applied art of the 15th century became objects of imitation for a generation of many masters. An example is the iconostases, if you pay attention to them, there is a wicker ornament and gilding, which was inherent in the iconostases of artists of the 15th century.
A separate place worth noting is wooden interiors and woodwork. Being in a room with a wooden interior, it seems as if you are one step closer to harmony with nature. Your soul becomes calm and you feel more cheerful. Wood not only brings you closer to nature, but also gives your dwelling sophistication, sophistication, especially various hewn geometric ornaments, in the details of which the masters leave a particle of their soul.

Implementation of a mini carpentry business.

First, you need to study the markets, visit exhibitions, fairs of the wood industry, in order to know what type of products are in demand by buyers. After collecting the information, create a business plan for your carpentry workshop that can lead you to success.

To create a workshop you need: a dry, bright room measuring 50 square meters with ceilings up to 4 meters high. Electricity is also required. Then take on the collection of documents necessary for the tax and services fire safety.

Necessary equipment.

The next step is to collect necessary materials and buying machines for production. At your request, you can either buy completely everything necessary equipment, or 50 to 50. Make half yourself using the Internet drawings, and buy the other half. It is not worth saving on materials and equipment, because half of the quality of your products depends on this. In short, you will need tools such as a circular or side saw, jointer, thickness gauge, power tools: drill, milling cutter, as well as sets of hand tools: chisels, mallets, hacksaws.

Before buying equipment, you should think carefully about everything. What exactly will you produce, what tools and machines are needed for this, in order to avoid unnecessary costs for unnecessary equipment. It is also important not to forget about the people who will work with you, or for you. It is best to look not only for masters of their craft, but also for creative people who will put their hearts into your products. If your product is original, the demand for it will never fall and it will bring a steady income.

What wood products to make?

Wood products have their own character, which gives not only the apartment, but also the same office comfort and harmony. Therefore, the choice of products is very large from door handles to furniture of different categories. An entrepreneur in the carpentry business has a wide range of choices, the main thing is not to make a mistake.

There is a sea of \u200b\u200bwooden products among which souvenirs, talismans, toys, amulets, they are some of those that are popular among buyers. Especially the charm "Knock on wood". Its design is pretty simple. They take a birch log with a diameter of 5 cm and a length of 10 cm, cut it in two in length, and clean it from the bark. A wooden figurine of the spirit is placed in the lower part of the log, or the very image of the spirit is carved. People say that by knocking on such a talisman, you can contact the spirits of the tree, which will give you protection from evil forces and wickedness.

Varnish is not applied to such a charm; they decorate it with pieces of birch bark. The chip of the manufacturer of such amulets is the so-called instructions for knocking on wood. The people believe in all sorts of superstitions, therefore, by printing instructions for communicating with spirits to your amulet, you will attract the attention of buyers. Such a product costs about 300 rubles.

When using the cheapest material for business slabs, you can make benches, tables, stools for summer cottages, and decorate with various geometric patterns. At the moment, such things are in demand and are quite well appreciated in Moscow.

The most common slab bench costs about 2,500 rubles, and by adding some kind of ornament to it, you can customize it for 3,500 rubles. During the summer, you can make and sell 25 pieces a month. Stands for hot dishes cost 25-40 rubles, and made from polished sections up to 100 rubles, napkin holders from 150 rubles, but good original bread bins can cost up to 1000 rubles.

Expenses and incomes for a mini business.

Business plan expenses will include the following items:
... - rent of the premises itself up to $ 200, if you do not have your own;
... -room lighting up to $ 10-20;
... -materials up to $ 300 USA.
... -tools - $ 2500

To open a small mini carpentry workshop, you will need about $ 3170. With a business efficiency of 23%, the net profit will become from $ 1000 per month, and the payback period will be up to 4 months. The carpentry business should be launched before the start of the construction season.

An approximate income plan for a mini carpentry business.

Subject to your premises:
Let's say your mini workshop makes the simplest joinery - doors. A craftsman with no experience will be able to produce 10-12 doors per month. To do this, you need to purchase 1.5-2 cubic meters of wood. The cost will be $ 270-360.
Price per door $ 120-130. $ 120 * 10 doors \u003d $ 1200 income. Net income: $ 1200 - $ 270 \u003d $ 930 Here, the possibilities of a master without experience are brought into play, since usually a carpentry workshop with one worker manages to make large volumes in a month.

Setting up a business for the production of medium-sized wood products.

The system for the production of window and door blocks can be divided into the following stages:
1. cutting lumber, checking its quality;
2. creation and processing of blanks;
3. assembly of the structure;
4. product grinding and coating.

For each above-pointed stage, you can buy a separate machine or choose a woodworking center that will be able to perform all the above-pointed points. You can also kill two birds with one stone, that is, purchase a multifunctional installation that can combine several functions and work for 2-3 workshops at the same time.

When purchasing such installations, you also save space in your premises, because one installation takes up less than two or three spaces, but includes the same functions. An example of such an installation is the D 300 machine, which can perform the functions of several types, such as: thicknessing, milling, grinding, planing shops.

Additional tools.

For high-quality and complete work of your carpentry shop, you need to buy the following tools:

Minimum locksmith tools;
... drill;
... screwdriver;
... jigsaw;
... Sander;
... moisture meter;
... roulette;
... calipers;
... electric plane;
... circular saws with mains supply;
... a tool for applying coloring, antiseptic substances;
... fan with bags for organizing filing.

A small carpentry workshop can be set up on an area of \u200b\u200b60 m2. Space savings can be achieved by combining all equipment in a woodworking center. To achieve success in business, it is necessary to hire at least two professional carpenters, as well as at the first stages of publishing, the director needs to be personally present at the production processes.

Feasibility study.

Capital investment (in rubles):
... purchase of the necessary equipment - 184,000 rubles.
... expenses on instruments - 85,000 rubles.
... transportation costs - 50,000 rubles.
... purchase of raw materials - 400,000 rubles.
... registration of a business in the form of an individual entrepreneur - 21,000 rubles;
... other expenses (payment work force) - 15,000 rubles.
Total investment in business: RUB 755,000
A sketch is created for each future product separately. First, this is done by hand, not on the scale of the future product. This is a sketch by eye in which the author develops the idea of \u200b\u200bthe product itself. Then he coordinates this with the director of the enterprise, if you like this development, then another drawing is created already beyond the scale, directly according to which future products will be made.

The designed product is depicted in three views from above, from the front and from the side. If necessary, cut the part. If the model of a part is very complex, then it is divided into parts and each part is depicted separately. Each part receives its own number, under which it is included in its specification. All drawings are made on paper, with a simple pencil, so that, if necessary, it would be easy to correct a mistake, or introduce some kind of amendment, revision.

Most use special paper - graph paper. This is paper, which is divided into cells, so that it is easier to calculate the scale and draw to scale.

In one step with the sketch, they think over the manufacturing system of this product. What kind of materials will be needed, what machines will be needed for this development, what tools will be used in the process of creating this product, the costs are calculated. They calculate everything to the last nail in order to avoid a shortage of some materials in the future, and, naturally, so that production is organized.

Also during this period, they are preparing the place of work of the master. They choose a workshop that is more convenient in size, which will correspond to the size of the product. They choose a convenient arrangement of drawings, placement of materials in the workshop, from which future products will be manufactured. Provide the master with free access to the machine, as well as tools. Provide him with a comfortable working environment. Then the manufacturing system and the design of the future product are checked again in order to avoid damage to quality and various failures in the manufacturing process.

* Calculations use average data for Russia

Initial investments:

from 200 000 ₽

Required area:

Today, carpentry workshops are becoming a rarity, so before starting your own business in this direction, you should seriously think about what products you can offer to the market.

A carpentry workshop is a business that can become not only your hobby or a means of earning, but also a calling. By the very act that brings both material and spiritual satisfaction, pleasing both soul and pocket. But for such a happy combination, you will have to try very, very hard. In this article, we will not talk about creating a large carpentry shop, but confine ourselves to actual advice on opening a small workshop at home “for one” with the prospect of turning self-employment into something more.

Pros and cons of joinery as a business

Benefits	disadvantages
the carpentry business belongs to the so-called business “on the ground”: workshops are opened on their own sites, in garages, sheds, and so on. You work at home, and at home, as they say, walls help; such a material as wood will always be in demand even in the era of super popular plastic. This is a natural and environmentally friendly material that has been associated with home comfort among people for centuries and remains so today. Moreover, many things are still impossible to make from something other than wood; the carpentry business has low costs relative to many other types of business; carpentry involves a wide range of products that you can manufacture. And this means that you can always readjust to the production of other types of wooden products and choose a new niche if they suddenly become unpopular and market conditions change; carpentry business is a certain freedom in the issue of pricing. Wooden products can cost a penny or hundreds of thousands of rubles. It all depends on your skill level and ability to sell your products dearly.	a carpentry shop cannot exist without a master. This is the kind of business where you will need to invest yourself and all your strength - the exact opposite of the modern so-called methods of "passive earnings"; as in any business “for one”, everything is limited by your physical strength and time. Often many people, coming from work for hire, are disappointed and understand that “doing business for yourself” is not when you work when you want, but when you always work; it is no secret that carpentry workshops today are a dying business. This is due to large factories that produce products cheaper and present them in large construction and furniture stores and hypermarkets; carpentry shops usually do not have any permanent and large orders for one master, so it takes a lot of time to form customer base, execution of small orders; there are great risks in joinery work injuries... Severed fingers and serious cuts are common; the financial return on the expended efforts in most cases does not justify itself. Most single workshops are effective different reasons (unclaimed assortment, wrong pricing policy, inability to sell and find a client) cannot build a business in such a way that it brings them constant and high income.

The first thing to start with in the carpentry business is the presence of hands and the desire to create something with these hands. People who are going to open a carpentry workshop, and even more so, to make money on it, should focus on improving their skills. But before starting to seriously embark on the issues of arranging the premises and equipping it with equipment, you need at least in general terms to understand the current situation on the market. The business approach to carpentry differs from the hobby approach in three ways. This is a rational and deeply thought-out approach to the choice of specialization, to the quality of work and to the methods of promotion.

The first place to start is with the question of what exactly you will be producing. Wood is a material with an infinite number of uses. First, look at what small carpentry shops specialize in today, that is, your future competitors, and how they are doing.

Carpentry shops usually have two options regarding the choice of assortment: broad specialization or narrow specialization. In the first case, the emphasis is on quantity (more customers, more assortment, more choice), in the second - on quality (narrow assortment, high quality performance, narrow audience). In other words, if you learn to create many different wood products, you will be able to offer them to more people, and by focusing on one or two products, it will be easier for you to improve your craft and create exclusive products.

What goods can carpentry shops produce:

Doors / windows... The most obvious solution for a carpentry workshop is to create doors and window blocks that everyone needs, and earn extra money from installing them. The problem is that doors and windows have been actively “stamped” by large manufacturers for a long time, and the market is very saturated today. The carpentry workshop is in most cases useless to compete with factories. The price for these products will still be cheaper, and it became difficult to surprise the customer with anything.

Stairs... Ladders give you more room for creativity. Unlike doors and windows, the carpentry workshop, which specializes in staircases, has the opportunity to offer original sizes, unusual shapes, unusual breeds, and a unique performance in general. However, there are already many companies on the market that create ladders and have achieved high level skills in their field, and it will be very difficult to catch up with them from scratch.

Furniture... The situation with furniture is about the same as with the first two categories. Now on the market there is a huge amount of furniture for every taste and budget. Thanks to such hypermarkets as Castorama, Leroy Merlin, Ikea furniture is becoming an increasingly affordable and mass product. However, even the variety that is on the market leaves many opportunities for creating an exclusive range that cannot be found in stores. A small workshop can rely on an original assortment, offering tables, chairs, chests of drawers, wardrobes, armchairs, etc. from expensive types of wood and with unusual designs.

Small goods. This broad category of goods, which has one quality in common - size. Here we mean souvenir goods, and all kinds of gift kitchen sets with cutting boards, spatulas and rolling pins, and frames with baguettes, and board games, wooden Toys (unusual ideas for wooden toys can be seen) and so on. If, say, in jewelry, size does not matter, then in carpentry everything is different. Even for an author's wooden product made from expensive wood, you cannot help out a lot, since the price of 1500-2000 rubles will seem to the buyer excessively high. An ordinary consumer will always have an alternative in the form of a plastic product at a price 5-10 times cheaper. Connoisseurs of original art will always have to be obtained with great difficulty. Therefore, before deciding on the production of wooden toys, pipes, salt shakers, ashtrays, cutting or gingerbread boards and other things, think about whether you can regularly produce and sell at least 50 of these small products in order to get at least 50 thousand for them. rubles. Or is it better to make one chest of drawers in the same time and sell it for the same money?

How best to position your products today

The second issue, which is also better to think about in advance, is the issue of unique selling proposition and the issue of quality. To make your products differ from what the mass market offers, first of all, pay attention to the material. First, what kind of tree will it be? What colors and what consumables will you use? What will be the design of your products?

* according to Yandex Wordstat as of 12.09.2018

What room is needed for the carpentry shop

Let's return to more traditional questions related to the actual opening of the workshop. To accommodate a small carpentry shop, a room with an area of \u200b\u200b50-60 square meters is best suited. meters. Renting such premises will cost about 20 thousand rubles a month.

Average rent per rent industrial premises in Russia, rubles *

Premises 50-60 sq. m	Premises 70-80 sq. m.

* according to the analysis of Avito ads as of 09/12/2018

Of course, not everyone can afford to rent, especially at the start. Therefore, most often carpentry workshops are opened at home, using sheds, garages or basements for these purposes.

Ready ideas for your business

When choosing an area, first of all, you need to take into account the length of the room. If you will be engaged in the manufacture of door and window frames, then the length of the room should not be less than four meters. The interior of the workshop should be warm and dry, as wood is afraid of moisture. When equipping the room, do not forget that you need even floors, as the machines must be stable.

For smooth operation it is advisable to supply the workshop room with three-phase electricity. In the event that the workshop room is built of wood, the wiring must be laid in wires or corrugated pipes, and sockets and equipment must be grounded.

If the workshop will be located close to housing, take care of soundproofing the walls and doors. It is desirable that the windows face in the direction where there are no residential buildings. It is also necessary to comply with fire safety requirements. The interior cladding of joiners is usually treated with fire retardants, which prevent fires. It is advisable to have a dry powder fire extinguisher in the building, or at least a bucket of sand in case of ignition of electrical appliances.

Ready ideas for your business

Many workshops do not pay much attention to ventilation. However, without an influx of fresh air into the workshop, you are doomed to constantly inhaling wood dust. And this threatens certain health problems, which you can easily find out about from the Internet.

What equipment is needed for the carpentry shop

The equipment issue is one of the most difficult to plan a carpentry workshop. It should be borne in mind that there is no universal and generally accepted list for the carpentry workshop. The choice of equipment depends on a large number of variables: what exactly is produced in the workshop, the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, the volume of production, the experience of the master, and so on.

Therefore, you only have a desire to create wooden products, say, your own furniture, and you only have experience in making simple products that do not require any special tools (tables, simple shelves, stools, etc.). In this case, you should start not with the purchase of serious units and machine tools, the purpose of which you do not yet have a clear idea of, but with the acquisition of the basic set itself. It can be conditionally divided into four groups.

The minimum basic set of tools to create simple furniture

Hand tool	Accessories and consumables	Measuring instruments	Power tool
Saw for wood and metal hand		Roulette 3-5 meters	Screwdriver
Manual planers and planers	Clamping clamps	Metal ruler 50-100 cm	Hammer drill
Mallet with rubber or wooden striker	Forstner drills for drilling blind holes with flat bottom	Metal elbow, side 30 cm.	Jigsaw
Nail hammer	Drills for metal with a diameter of 2 to 10 mm in increments of 0.5 to 1 mm	Level 50-60 cm	Belt sander
Wood chisels (set)	Drills for wood with a diameter of 2 to 12 mm
Straight and Phillips screwdrivers (set)	Carbide tipped drills
Furniture stapler	Screwdriver bits (set)
Pliers	Marker or pencil
Shoe knife

Adjustable wrench

If you do not spend money on buying a workbench, but assemble it manually, then 30-40 thousand rubles will be enough to buy such a set. With a wider scope, screwdrivers and jigsaws, of course, cannot be enough, the list will expand significantly, and it will take at least 200 thousand rubles to equip the shop, and more than 300 thousand rubles with the purchase of a good milling machine.

A sample list of equipment for a small carpentry shop

Here are some guidelines for purchasing and using equipment that carpentry shop owners advise to adhere to:

The price of equipment should correspond to the level of development of your business... Many craftsmen with no experience are tempted to spend money on unjustifiably expensive equipment that does not correspond to the level of development of their business and needs, and also does not provide any significant advantages in speed / quality. It should be remembered that expensive equipment of elite brands is always less liquid than cheap and “popular” equipment. It is both more expensive to maintain and more difficult to sell. Therefore, for a start, it is better to do with the most proven devices. For example, if your products do not have a great length, the so-called molding, there is not much sense in necessarily purchasing a milling machine for 100 thousand rubles or more. For a start, it is better to get by with a hand router, which can do almost the same thing, but it will cost several times cheaper.

Strive for equipment versatility... You should not unnecessarily fork out for those types of equipment that can be replaced or that will be idle just like that. For example, spend money on a plunge-cut saw with a guide rail when cheaper and more versatile circular tables exist. Even if you need to dissolve the sheet, it is easier and faster to use the services of firms that own panel saws, which can at a low price and with more high quality dissolve the sheet.

Purchase new equipment gradually or with large orders... It is most reasonable to think about purchasing new equipment as skill grows and after large orders. The rest of the time, you should try to gradually set aside a small share of the profit for amortization costs, and from them to acquire new machines.

Observe priority principles when placing equipment... If drilling and lathes are located near the workbench, then the grinding machines are placed at some distance from the workplace. In addition, a good craftsman should always have everything at hand, so the workbench usually has cabinets, racks and hanging shelves.

Do not forget about safety precautions. As safe and familiar as the process may seem, have a first aid kit nearby. Also use safety glasses, heavy clothing. Work with buttoned sleeves; if your hair is long, hide it in a hat.

Don't clutter up. When arranging the premises, keep in mind the purchase of new machines in the future. Ideally, the free space should be twice the space for the machines. Lack of space can disrupt technological process... The work plane must be approached from several sides. Also, you should not turn the room into a warehouse: the tree should be used for circulation, and not roll around in the corners.

Do I need to hire workers in the carpentry shop

At the initial stage, while the volumes are small, it is easier and faster for the master to act alone. However, this does not mean that no hired force will ever be useful to you. Carpenters usually require rough work assistants or an apprentice. They can carry boards, jointer, remove shavings and debris, or perform other simple tasks. The labor force is usually adolescents looking for a summer job or young people.

It is worth noting that experienced carpenters are usually in no hurry to grow a full-fledged replacement for themselves. And their fears are understandable: there is a great risk of growing out of a student into a competitor who can win over clients. Therefore, the business is often limited to auxiliary workers with contractual wages.

Please note that average salary carpenter in Russia at the time of this writing is about 38 thousand rubles, in Moscow and St. Petersburg - about 54.5 thousand rubles. Therefore, if you are sure that your net income will not differ much from these figures, think again about the advisability of opening your workshop. Today the word "business" is very popular, but at such low rpm, being hired will have much more advantages compared to sailing alone. In this case, it is wiser to continue to engage in the production of wood products in the form of a side job and a hobby, gradually gaining experience and a client base.

Average level of salaries for the professions “joiner / carpenter”, “assistant carpenter / carpenter”, rubles.

* according to announcements on the Avito website 12.09.2018

If you have an idea to open a carpentry workshop, but you yourself are not going to work in it, then the chances of finding a free joiner who will work for you are close to zero. All experienced masters, as a rule, are attached and have a good income, and “worse and cheaper” masters often abuse alcohol or have experience of being in places not so remote and, shall we say, lost to society. In this case, it will be easier and more rational for you to place your orders with existing workshops and pay for their work, and then deal with the sale of finished products.

Methods of realization and promotion of joinery products

It is no secret that the traditional formats of carpentry workshops are clearly losing out on sales today. As a rule, they are located on the outskirts of cities and in industrial zones, where no one sees their activities, and the owners who managed to find some kind of regular clientele do not always care about promotion and modern methods of communication with the audience.

In the meantime, no matter what horrors and economic crises through the media we were not frightened from all sides, the number target audience, which can bring a good income to carpentry workshops, is gradually increasing. Pay attention to the pace of suburban construction, the emergence of new cottage settlements, people who are interested in buying garden furniture and high-quality wooden products for home. These people want to furnish their homes with maximum comfort and make them unique at the same time. Therefore, it is good if your workshop is located in full view of the target audience and imprinted in her memory. The workshop should not only be easy to get to, people should see what you are doing. A good location will help in the development and achievement of the "word of mouth" effect. According to the experience of the masters, a person who has visited the workshop live almost 100% becomes its client.

Ideally, the workshop owner should try to throw maximum amount “Fishing rods” in all channels that can drive sales.

Ways to reach clients:

While some methods of reaching customers are rather passive (for example, publishing ads) and require one-time efforts (creating a business card site), then for others, for example, social networks, constant maintenance and time will be required. Therefore, it will be good if you get an assistant who will monitor these issues. Expense items for promotion can also be exhibition samples for presentations and exhibitions, custom photographs of finished products, printing of consumable advertising products, for example, business cards.

Furniture repair business

The payback period of a business for the provision of standard services (furniture repair and upholstery change) is from two months with minimal investment (from 10 thousand rubles).

If you have a dream to carve wood products and make money on it, you need to study the subject from A to Z. All links of the chain are important: premises for a workshop; equipment, tools and machines; purchase of raw materials; assortment of products depending on demand; the nuances of doing business. But everything is in order.

Let's figure out what kind of carpenter and mandatory qualitiesthat they should have.

Basic woodworking operations are performed manually using tools and special machines. Depending on the type and quality of work, the qualifications of the joiner are determined. There are digits from 1 to 6.

The carpenter must understand the structure of electrical machines and tools, woodworking machines and distinguish between types of wood. Know how to make parts or whole products, be able to install or repair them. You also need knowledge to maintain technical documentation. Observe safety regulations and labor protection rules.

Cabinetmakers are considered the elite among carpenters. Not every carpenter can become one, but every cabinetmaker studies the skill of a carpenter without fail. Contemporary masters produce high-quality furniture from expensive wood species, according to the author's sketches. They have increased concentration and responsibility. Working with expensive materials and rarities. A cabinetmaker should be good at drawing, sketching and making mockups. The works of such masters, expensive interior items or antique restorations at the end are of cultural value

The individual characteristics of a specialist in this profession are not unimportant. Physical strength, perseverance, concentration of attention, scrupulousness, endurance and dexterity - characterize the wood craftsmen. There are also medical indications and warnings in carpentry. You cannot do without a good eye and vision, hand coordination, the ability to work effectively for a long time, visual memory and a developed imagination. This profession is not recommended for diseases of the eyes or musculoskeletal system.

How to start your carpentry business

There is education, experience, a great desire to do what you love and receive income at the same time. Important points are identified:

Is a closed production cycle planned, when the beginning from wood drying and the end up to paintwork takes place in one workshop.
For whom the products will be made, their quality and material, the appropriate tool.
Production volume, single - to order, small-scale, mass.
Possible amount of project costs.

Here there are several tasks, the implementation of which will lead to success:

First task - to study the future sales market. Visit fairs, exhibitions, bazaars, talk personally with sellers, owners of small shops or managers of large companies. Determine which products are the most popular, in demand every day, and which are rare, but expensive. Find out which products are in greater demand.

Second task - to determine the direction of work. Clearly assess your skills and decide what will be the focus. Competitive quality or original unusual products are an important decision. For a cabinetmaker, expensive non-standard orders are possible, which are more laborious, but also highly paid. A carpenter is a woodcarver who will be able to make furniture or other interior elements that are also not cheap. Even a novice joiner of a not high category will be able to earn money on the manufacture and fixation of construction equipment or simple parts, due to their number and speed of work. A business plan is drawn up in accordance with the direction of work.

The third task - a place for a workshop. After a critical assessment of their abilities and capabilities, the area of \u200b\u200bthe future enterprise is determined. A place for work, rest and meeting with customers. Since some work takes up all free time and it will be possible to rest only without leaving the workplace, the room must meet all the requirements for the implementation of plans. For starters, inexpensive and simple technologies are generally preferred. The recommended area is 50-60 square meters, the ceiling height is not less than 4 meters, it is possible that high products will be processed for processing. The territory of storage of semi-finished products before the beginning, and finished products after the end of work is taken into account. A dry and bright room is a must. Maybe. it will be a garage, barn or basement with good lighting. It is desirable to use electricity at 380V, but you can start with 220V. Carpenter's work involves risks to the eyes and hands. And monotonous movements repeated many times lead to diseases of the neck, back and joints. Considering these points, one should not forget about prevention, safety, preventive measures. Required documents for inspectors, fire brigade

The fourth task - Registration of individual entrepreneurs. Small carpentry enterprises, without hired workers and active advertising themselves on the radio and in newspapers, can do without registering an individual entrepreneur. Submit income tax return and pay taxes once a year. But this behavior can be understood as tax evasion, which is fraught with penalties. An unregistered businessman does not pay royalties to pension Fund and reduces the amount of his future pension. Therefore, it is better to register your individual enterprise.

A start. Let's start choosing equipment

The key to the success of any carpenter is high-quality and powerful machines, convenient tools that match the chosen job.

The selection of equipment is an individual matter, first of all, on the quality of future products, then on the planned volumes, and finally on the assortment. Currently, most entrepreneurs use imported equipment, although reliable, "eternal", Soviet machines such as milling machines have survived. You can buy a whole set of expensive tools and machines, or, for a start, selectively purchase used cars, and try to do something with your own hands. That will save money without harming the quality of future products. There are many drawings and tips and guides for making carpentry machines on the Internet, but some, on which it is not recommended to save money, will have to be bought. All the variety of woodworking machines is used for the manufacture of joinery.

For the manufacture of windows, doors, furniture, it is possible to pick up equipment in the middle price category, such as:

Thicknesser
Circular saw
Grinding
Edge grinding
Calibration and grinding
Crafting table;

Whether you're buying a ready-made workbench or making your own homemade workbench, make sure it is tough enough, has a flat work surface, and at least one powerful vise.

Vice;
Lathe;
Band saw machine;
Planing machine;
Milling machine;

You can increase the functionality of the router by fixing it on the table; for novice craftsmen, this arrangement is very suitable for processing small workpieces.

Circular or face saw (for small-sized workpieces);
Corner centers - special machines for profiling and drawing up frames, forming glazing beads. They produce a 90 degree cut, aimed at making windows and doors.

An aspiring entrepreneur is likely to be engaged in individual production, where universal, quickly reconfigurable machine tools are indispensable. If you need to work in a small room, a multifunctional center will become indispensable. It combines the work of several machines at the same time and saves workshop space. Woodworking center with dimensions of approximately one and a half by one and a half meters. Sawing operations, planing, milling, thicknessing, drilling, grinding - replace the use of multiple machines.

In the woodworking equipment market, there are several European proven firms: Weinig (Germany), SCM (Italy), Rojek (Czech Republic), Sicar (Italy), Houfek (Czech Republic) which have a good choice proven and quality equipment.

The rules for the placement of machines, the sequence of their location also matters in the work

An example of the correct arrangement of machines for the production of a wide range of joinery:

Circular saw (for example - panel saw.)
Cross-cut machine;
Jointing machine;
Thicknesser machine;
Band saw machine;
Milling machine;
Four-sided planer;
Drilling and grooving machine (groove joints of blanks);
Veneer machines - (they cover inexpensive wood with more valuable varieties)
Hydraulic press (for veneer)
Grinding machine (the best option is a calibration grinder.)
Finishing place where priming, varnishing, painting will be performed

For high-quality and complete work of the carpentry shop, important tools are needed

Organization is very important, keep your tools in order and materials in their place, this saves time looking for the right things, energy and does not distract from the creative process.

Master carpenters use a large variety of hand tools, you need to know them well. Useful:

measuring instruments - tape measure, vernier caliper
drill;
screwdriver;
jigsaw; ;
moisture meter;
roulette;
calipers;
electric plane;
fan with bags for organizing filing.

Sometimes hand tools work faster than electric ones. Cutting out a ledge with a hacksaw or chamfering with a plane will take less time than using the machine and installing, setting up the router.

It is possible to rent everything you need. For the first time, this will help you get started faster and get the first profit to improve your enterprise.

Your workplace will consist of a desktop. It will accommodate equipment and the necessary tools, equipment and fixtures.

You will need special clothing - a robe or a special suit with oversleeves, gloves and an eye mask will be able to protect the health and safety of the master.

Always restock your essentials on time: hand cleaning paste, double-sided tape, magnifier, tweezers, fire extinguisher and first aid kit.

Choosing a tree

High-quality raw materials are the key to a functional and demanded final product. You need to have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhich tree to use for your orders in advance. There are government-set standards, strict dimensions and lumber requirements. Professional carpenters are familiar with GOSTs. For a novice carpenter - businessman, general information is enough.

Wood as a material can be divided into two forms:

initial - logs, branches, roots, round timber;
secondary - boards, beams, plywood, chips, veneer, etc.

According to suitability for the production of joinery, wood is divided into species:

soft (pine, spruce, fir, cedar, poplar, linden, willow, alder, chestnut, walnut);
medium hardness (larch, yew, birch, beech, elm, pear, oak, maple, sycamore, mountain ash, apple, ash);
hard (white acacia, iron birch, hornbeam, boxwood, pistachio, dogwood, olive)

The characteristics of wood are also taken into account:

presence or absence of defects
humidity
ripeness or not ripeness (ability to sap flow), etc.

Tree structure:

straight-layered
curly
layered
amorphous

The qualities affect the processing process. They must be known and taken into account.

Soft rocks are ideal for carving. The hand with the tool moves freely and easily. Average hardness depends on the place where the tree grew (mild or cold climate), structural features (many or few knots), etc. Hardwoods are the hardest to work with, requiring production effort and skill.

The wood inside the trunk, which is no longer living, is called the core, but the layer of cells around where the juices circulate - sapwood. The kernel is the hardest part of the trunk, the densest and most resistant to decay. Given the structure of the kernel and sapwood, the tree is divided into 3 such groups:

Sound- a dark color is formed by dying off in the core of trees such as oak. Juniper, larch, ash, cedar, pine, apple;
Ripe - the color of the sapwood and the kernel is the same for spruce and aspen;
Sapwood - there is no dying off of the tree in the center of the maple, linden, pear.

The properties of wood directly affect the quality of the product, its decorative appearance and ease of manufacture. It is important to know and over time to determine by touch the species, age, properties of the tree. Understand your capabilities regarding specific types of material and in the future not be disappointed in getting the desired result.

Defects in trees

The most common wood defects that lead to scrap are:

cracks (possible during growth during frost or during drying);
knots;
wormhole (insect damage);
rot;
fungi;
non-standard shape of the trunk or wood.

Burls on trees, the so-called burls give a unique texture of the material and are highly valued, as nut burls are valued as all wood of expensive Karelian birch. Sometimes a non-standard rejected piece of wood can become an original product, it all depends on the skill and imagination of the master. This is how cabinetmakers evaluate wood for its decorative qualities - color, gloss and texture.

Disadvantages and defects of wooden materials can be used in the manufacture of a creative functional item and turned into dignity.

Knowing the available and common types of wood will help you tune in profitable offer... Saving on unedged boards from local sawmills. Even a beginner in carpentry needs to learn to distinguish between sawing methods. Radial cut boards are more expensive than others and produce the least waste. Tangential cuts are cheaper but also tend to warp and waste. There is also a mixed cut.

We must not forget about fittings, varnishes, paints, everything that will help to arrange the blank into a product ready for sale.

Manufacturing and marketing. Successful advertising is the key to successful sales

Before starting any work, a sketch or sketch is made by hand, by eye. In it, the master proposes an idea for a future product. If the option suits the customer, a drawing is made according to the exact scaled dimensions. Top, front and side view of the model, sectional view possible. In most cases, graph paper and a simple pencil are used, which makes it possible to correct the drawing in the process. In parallel, materials and expenses for the forthcoming work are calculated.

Competent organization of sales of products directly to trade enterprises will significantly advance the business. Specialty stores, supermarkets, markets are potential customers for any aspiring joiner.

Carpentry products are mainly intended for the mass consumer, advertising should also reach as many people as possible. Ways such as will help:

creation of your site and its promotion;
activity in social networks, the presence of its own popular group;
buy banners from search engines.

Here you can put good photos their products, describe in detail their work and indicate contacts. And some clients can be attracted by ads in advertising publications.

But it is not always easy to compete in modern business, not a standard approach to business will help. Original products such as souvenirs, talismans, toys and charms are popular with customers. Will benefit both additional direction work.

The idea of \u200b\u200bthe popular "Knock on Wood" charm with a simple design. A birch log cut in half with a figurine of a spirit-goblin inside, according to legends, will protect from negativity and evil forces. The peculiarity of the amulet is the instruction on how to knock correctly and communicate with the spirit.

The consumer's attention is attracted by originality and creativity. Successful ideas for making wine barrels or chests for the interior have found their application and bring good income to entrepreneurs. Another unusual direction in parallel with the main work and on the territory of the workshop can be organized. School or lessons for those who want to try their hand at carpentry. Master classes - constant income and advertising.

Expense and income

For accurate calculations, all the data of a specific project are needed, but an approximate income plan can be drawn up for any small carpentry enterprise. Consider 2 options: a small company and a larger company.

The expenses according to the business plan 1. will be as follows:

rent of premises, if you don't have your own up to $ 200
tools and equipment, depending on the type (new, used, rental or do-it-yourself manufacturing) from $ 2,000 to $ 6,000;
room lighting, electricity from $ 20;
materials up to $ 300

Subject to its premises, costs will be reduced.

Using the example of making doors - a simple product, let's consider the possible profitability.

A master with no experience to make 8-10 doors per month. You will need 2 cubic meters of wood. The cost is $ 300. Price per door $ 100 \u003d 1000 income. $ 700 will be a net income. This is the minimum, since an experienced craftsman makes more items.

To open your own small carpentry business, you will need $ 6520 (maximum). Net profit 700 $ per month. The payback period is 10 months, which is very good in a modern economy.

Expenses according to business plan 2.:

Workshop rent - 500 $
Equipment, machines - $ 6100;
Tools - $ 2800;
Wood materials - $ 13,000
Transportation - $ 1700
Registration of an individual entrepreneurial business - $ 700

Investments are not small -25200 $. When the equipment is loaded at 50% and working 24 shifts of 8 hours. For a month to make 38 doors and 75 window blocks at a price of $ 183 and $ 204 per square meter, you can earn $ 22,275

Cost price:

Door blocks - $ 110 per square meter;
Window blocks - $ 204 per square meter;
Total cost per month - $ 15300

Let's add the required costs for:

Salary for 2 workers and the owner, we count 5 days every week for 8 hours. $ 2,562;
Workshop rental cost - $ 500;
Contributions to funds, administrative expenses - $ 1190
Amount fixed costs 4252$
We make a profit - $ 2749

If all these conditions are preserved, such a larger enterprise will pay off in 9 months.

And finally, about fashion and trends. Hand-made and eco-friendly are in trend. Green business from groceries to interior decoration comes to the fore. Furniture made of wood is guaranteed to be in demand. Handmade small household items bring a piece of the craftsman's soul to the product. And more and more willing and able to afford, people strive for unusual, original solutions, sizes and external qualities of interior items.

Execute an order by affordable prices not to the detriment of quality, direct supplies of materials and accessories now allow. Wood creates comfort in any room. Wood frames are more environmentally friendly, and some object cannot be made from materials other than wood. Even in the office, headsets, handles, shelves made of wood will create style and coziness and comfort. A customer can come to a small carpentry workshop with a finished project or with wishes in words, and a professional carpenter makes his dream come true. From furniture for home, company, cafe, restaurant to items for presentation or special events.

Many experienced craftsmen will willingly share their knowledge with beginners. Spending a short time talking with a colleague will help in mastering complex work processes. You can take part in Internet discussions, forums and communities.

When a master works for himself, he constantly learns something new, develops creatively and completely devotes himself to his favorite work. The best motive for success is your own business.

If you are going to start your small business for the production of hand-made, having created its own "shop" on Sharovar and other specialized trading resources, it will not be superfluous to conduct a preliminary analysis of the market and the preferences of the consumer audience.

First of all, let's clarify one point - those works of authorship that "make cash" in stationary stores, at fairs or ethnic festivals on the Internet will not enjoy the same success. Sales in real world and in the virtual are fundamentally different.

In order for you to draw specific conclusions and determine the goods most in demand among buyers who are firmly entangled in the world wide web, we will use the data of the largest online auction eBay.

TOP 10

1. PAINTINGS. It is no secret that the masterpieces of contemporary art have gone far from the samples of classical painting. Abstract and urban works are in the highest demand today. Landscapes and portraits are significantly inferior in popularity to geometric shapes, bright and blurred spots, paintings that, at first glance, are devoid of any common sense. Nevertheless, it is with such works of art that it is customary today to decorate both the interiors of private houses and walls in offices around the world. Draw your own conclusions, gentlemen - you have a better chance of selling a canvas on which you have splashed several buckets of paint of different shades than a charming watercolor landscape.

2. KNITTED THINGS.

The following knitted items are definitely in the lead in the "knitted" category: sweaters and vests, hats, snoods, socks and mittens, bags, blankets and bedspreads. The fantasy of the masters knows no boundaries - knitting needles, a hook, own hands - anything can be used as tools. And the abundance of yarns with a variety of textures and effects makes it possible to implement tasks of any level of complexity.

3. CHILDREN'S HANDMADE TOYS. The list of options is huge, and we will not even try to list them, since with a huge gap in popularity, products from natural environmentally friendly materials are taking the lead. This trend has no competitors yet. So, at the top of the rating we have wooden toys, stuffed dolls and animals, as well as Christmas tree decorations.

4. WOMEN'S BAGS, which we have already mentioned in the second position of the rating, will occupy a separate niche. Keep in mind - this is not at all about fakes and imitation of branded goods. Modern fashionistas are primarily interested in exclusives. Uniqueness with a big, huge letter "U". Do you want to sell hand-made products quickly and profitably? Work with original materials - canvas, leather and so on, without neglecting the most unexpected decor.

4. INTERIOR DECORATIONS. “If only you knew what rubbish…” these lines involuntarily come to mind when we consider the unique design works in the photo. It feels like the main task today is to make the interior not only beautiful, stylish or harmonious, but simply unique. And that's quite enough. So before throwing any old rubbish into the trash, take a close look at it, maybe you will be visited by inspiration and you will create a very valuable decor item from the remains of a prehistoric bicycle.

5. VASES, POTS, TABLEWARE. Pottery is simply bound to flourish - the demand for souvenirs, all kinds of jars for cereals, spices and other containers that can be used to decorate the kitchen and dining room is large enough so that your exclusive works are not "dusty" on virtual display windows.

6. COLLECTION DOLLS AND SOLDIERS for board war games. So to speak - toys for adult girls and boys. The child remains to live forever in each of us, so you won't lose if you bet on the manufacture and sale of toys. Although, for example, purely ethnic dolls sell much worse, keep in mind.

7. JEWELERY. Jewelry is a truly inexhaustible source of inspiration and a stream of cash flow into your wallet. The range of jewelry is immense, and the demand is consistently high. Find your niche and you won't know grief.

9. DESIGNER CLOTHING. Your exclusive work with name tags can have the highest, almost unbelievably high prices that can rival products from world famous designers. But such clothes should be truly distinctive, original, unique, memorable, impressive, recognizable, certainly high quality, made with unsurpassed craftsmanship, and so on. Are you sure you can live up to all these epithets? Then go to the machine!

10. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, in particular guitars. Craftsmen from Latin America, Australia and Spain may well make a small fortune selling guitars own production... If you have discovered in yourself the gift of Antonio Stradivari, and you are striving for the purest sound from musical instruments, you can be sure that they will talk about you in the very near future, and you will not have to wait long for profit.

Well, where - you ask me - where are our relatives, endlessly dear to our hearts Vyshyvanka ?! Why are they not in the ranking, although they should have taken their rightful first place?

Don't worry, and don't be alarmed if you have reached the pinnacle of craftsmanship in other products that are not listed on eBay. Focusing on the world top 10, do not forget about the national traditions that shape the preferences of buyers in our country. After all, you are selling not just goods, not just material things, but something much more - a particle of your soul and individuality, a certain component of happiness, home comfort, warmth and love. So every true Master will always meet his grateful customers.

Success to you in all your endeavors!

Sometimes money lies right under our feet, you just need to see it in time and master it competently. This is what savvy entrepreneurs do. As an example, let's take work with wood and waste from its processing - sawdust. In this article we will tell you what can be made from wood and sawdust

What can be made from wood - business ideas

Wood of various species is widespread in all regions of Russia, with the exception of certain arid places or areas with unfavorable climatic conditions... But even where wood is not mined, it can be processed.

That is why the wood business is quite developed in Russia. Below we will consider the most relevant areas of production activities for small businesses and microenterprises.

It should be noted right away that a tree is understood not only as an array, but also in panel materials (plywood, OSB, chipboard, etc.).

Chipboard furniture production

This is probably the most popular wood business idea implementation. If you want to go on sale in large retail chains, furniture stores, etc., then you will have to significantly invest in equipment, but there should be no problems with trained personnel (the complexity of the work is not high).

The minimum required equipment (taking into account the available overall premises for processing, storage of materials / finished products):

Sawing machine - from 500,000 rubles (second-hand without feeding sheets, two people are required for maintenance).
Edge banding machine (edge \u200b\u200bbanding machine) - about 200,000 rubles. (these are manual models without automatic part feeding, only for straight edges).
Dust removal system (dust extraction) - about 70,000 rubles.

At first, with small volumes of orders and simple parts, the additive can be carried out manually with a drill, sharpening of saw blades can be performed for a fee in the appropriate workshops.

Business ideas in the sports industry, sports and physical education

In the future, you may need a CNC machine (for making additives for hinges, fasteners, etc.), a computer with a licensed operating system and a program for cutting planning (minimizing material consumption and personnel actions), a printer (for printing order forms), and more. auxiliary equipment.

On the market, you can find profitable integrated solutions for equipping sawing shops, for example, used machines that remained after they were replaced with more modern and technological ones.

Requirements for the quality of the saw and the capabilities of the equipment are formed by the intended audience (budget furniture and warehouse equipment made of chipboard do not imply high accuracy and complexity of cuts, etc.).

Garden furniture production

When using ready-made sawing material (timber, boards, etc.), you can abandon the formatting machines. Edging equipment for the array is also not needed. Thus, you can significantly save on the starting equipment.

For such a business with a tree (array), the following tool will be enough to start:

Circular saw (from 2000 rubles).
Drill / screwdriver (from 1200 rubles).
Planer (from 1300 rubles).
Belt sander (from 2000 rubles).
Consumables, fasteners.

Of course, a spacious room and good workbenches are required (the latter can be made from an array with your own hands). If the furniture will be treated with paint or protective compounds, it is best to purchase a spray gun and a compressor to speed up the process.

The stake in sales should be placed on the retail purchaser. The more original the appearance of tables, benches, awnings, etc., the higher the demand will be.

Manufacture of souvenirs and wood crafts

Due to the small size of the product (which implies the minimum cost of raw materials) with a sufficiently high selling price (in terms of the ratio of the finished product to the cost of materials used and the time for making the craft), you can find the right balance of costs and profit, even with a small sales volume.

Business idea: car stickers

At the initial stage, the entire assortment can be made by hand, and with increasing supply volumes, gradually hiring personnel and bringing production to the stream.

Taking into account the initial investment, this is the most realistic business idea with a minimum start-up capital. The main problem is the sale of goods. To get a stable demand, you need to analyze the market for the presence of a need for a particular type of crafts. You can bet on the possibility of distance selling (for example, via the Internet) if the souvenir market is poorly developed in your city / region.

The initial set of tools depends on the type of product, but with the right approach, you can fit into 20-30 thousand rubles.

Here is just a small list of ideas for souvenirs and crafts:

Bath / Sauna Plates
Nesting dolls
Wooden crockery, cutlery
Frames for photos
Amulets, talismans, decorative figurines
Combs, hairpins, beads
Seat mats
Original pens, pencils
Chests, boxes, knapsacks, boxes, etc.
Cases for smartphones, tablets
Garden paths
Children's toys, cubes

What can be made from sawdust - business ideas

If you have an outlet on large companiesengaged in wood processing, it makes sense to think about the implementation of their production waste - sawdust. What's good about wood is that even the waste can be used to produce different types products. We will consider various business ideas from sawdust below.

Fuel production from sawdust (briquettes, granules, pellets)

To start a business, you only need the appropriate production equipment, sawdust and room.

A pelleting press will cost about 150 thousand rubles. (for example, MZLP 200, SKJ2, MP-5, etc.) or higher (individual ready-made high-performance lines reach a price of 3 million rubles and more).

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It will be easier to establish sales when interacting with sellers of solid fuel boilers for long burning. With small volumes of supplies, only local sale is possible without sending fuel to other regions, so the idea is not profitable in that settlement where solid fuel boilers are not used.

Production of sawdust blocks

Alternative building materials are in increasing demand. Blocks made of concrete and sawdust are environmentally friendly, have low thermal conductivity, and can withstand heavy loads.

The production of such blocks in large volumes (for sale through chains of construction stores, etc.) requires serious production capacity, which implies a large start-up capital for launching a production line (from half a million rubles).

Private production (for local sale at local construction market) you can start by purchasing a concrete mixer, a vibrating compactor and several dozen molds for pouring blocks. All this will cost about 50,000 rubles.

The estimated cost of the final block should not exceed the cost of other block building materials the same volume available on the market (for example, gas silicate, polystyrene concrete, etc.).

Cat litter

To start such a business, almost no investment is required, except for consumables for labels, packaging and advertising. Provided that the original sawdust quality suits you (by fraction).