Material for a trial exam in social studies. Unified State Exam in Social Studies: we analyze assignments with a teacher. USE in social studies: analysis of assignments with a teacher

Russian language and mathematics. According to the data of previous years, almost half of the graduates (49%) take social studies. And this is not surprising, since the USE in social studies is necessary for admission to all humanitarian specialties.

In fact, the subject of "social studies" includes information on various aspects of society, studied within a whole class of humanities: economics, jurisprudence, philosophy, sociology, political science and, to some extent, history.

The KIM version of the USE in social studies has undergone minor changes. The developers revised the difficulty of tasks 28 and 29, which is why the maximum primary score for the entire test increased from 62 to 64.

Assessment of the exam

Last year, in order to pass the Unified State Exam in Social Studies, at least for the top three, it was enough to score 19 primary points. They were given, for example, when the first 13 items of the test were completed correctly.

It is not yet known exactly how it will be in 2019: we need to wait for an official order from Rosobrnadzor on the correspondence of the primary and test scores. Most likely it will appear in December. Considering that the maximum primary score has increased from 62 to 64, it is very likely that the minimum score may also change slightly.

In the meantime, you can focus on these tables:

The structure of the exam

In 2019, the USE social studies test consists of two parts, which include 29 tasks.

• Part 1: 20 tasks (No. 1–20) with a short answer (choose the correct answer from the proposed ones, establish a correspondence between the elements of the two sets, insert the missing word in the text);
• Part 2: 9 tasks (No. 21-29) with a detailed answer (answers to questions, mini-essays).

Preparation for the exam

• Go through exam tests online for free without registration and SMS. The presented tests are identical in complexity and structure to the real exams conducted in the corresponding years.

• Download demo versions of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies, which will allow you to better prepare for the exam and pass it easier. All proposed tests were developed and approved for preparation for the exam by the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI). In the same FIPI, all official options for the exam.

The tasks that you will see, most likely, will not be encountered in the exam, but there will be tasks similar to the demo ones on the same topic.

General USE figures

Year	Minimum USE score	Average score	Number of participants	Not passed,%	Qty 100-point	Duration exam time, min.
2009	39
2010	39	56,38	444 219	3,9	34	210
2011	39	57,11	280 254	3,9	23	210
2012	39	55,2	478 561	5,3	86	210
2013	39	56,23	471 011	5,3	94	210
2014	39	55,4				235
2015	42	53,3				235
2016	42					235
2017	42					235
2018

New projects of the 2017 USE have been published in all subjects, new contours of the 2017 exam are already visible. Is new - a repetition of the old, or are we again expecting serious changes? What will be the USE in social studies 2017? Read on for the opinion of the exam expert!

How was the USE 2016 in social studies?

To begin with - in normal mode! Without scandals and incidents, so to speak ... Here is the opinion of the USE 2016, for example, the former Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Livanov:

“The exam was held at a high organizational and technological level. This was facilitated by new technologies that are used during the exam, and increased responsibility and discipline of the organizers and participants of the exam ", - said the Minister of Education and Science Dmitry Livanov at a press conference at the Situation and Information Center of Rosobrnadzor.

So, the main things about the passed USE 2016 in social studies:

Lessons from the Unified State Exam 2016 in social studies

“In general, the average scores in all subjects are comparable to the results of the previous year. This speaks of the stability of the exam, that the exam tasks are similar in complexity to those of previous years. We see a slight increase in high scores and a decrease in those who did not overcome the minimum scores ", - this is the opinion head of Rosobrnadzor Kravtsov.

First of all, we would like to note that the exam has been taking place really honestly for the third year already; For a wide audience, only one version of the 2016 USE is available, which was published by the FIPI for each subject following the results of the early wave of the exam.

In the European part of the country, FIPI “applied” 4 written versions against the graduates of 2016, one of them, as it is clear from the reviews of the examiners, colleagues, experts, was frankly “damaging”. The rest are solvable. Here is our analysis. And to which is also attached the real work of the graduate in the written part.

The conditions of the exam for the exam 2017 will be tightened. Already this year, the test part has disappeared in its usual form, now this, of course, complicates the task of "hitting" the answer, which used to be often a matter of chance.

Since 2013, we have seen steady drop in average score in Russia on the Unified State Exam in Social Studies:

year 2013 - 56,23

year 2014 - 55,4

2015 - 53,3

This year, as noted above, is likely even worse. I can give accurate actual statistics for this year

year 2014 - 57,9

2015 - 60

2016 year - 57,1

And here we see a significant drop.

Generally, almost 20% did not pass, this is a lot, this every fifth handing over.The question arises, why is this happening? Who is guilty?

Objectively:

1. The school does not prepare the graduate for the Unified State Exam in optional subjects, teachers try to step back and not be responsible for its result.
2. At the level of the federal ministry, the old minister Livanov said that "... the school cannot be assessed by the results of the exam", and the new Vasilyeva, that "... teachers should not prepare children for the exam in the classroom in high school." The line has changed.
3. It turns out that the result on the exam, for example, in social studies is a personal matter for each graduate and his parents.
4. The actual responsibility of the tutor - the "magic wand" that the graduate can hope for, as everyone understands, is minimal. He works, as a rule, without a contract, and no (at least legal) liability in front of parents, if anything, does not bear.

Here is the opinion of the new Minister of Education and Science L. Vasilyeva about the Unified State Exam.

Subjectively:

What will the USE 2017 be like?

According to the already approved draft timetable, the 2017 USE in social studies will be held in an "early wave" on March 24, and in the main mode - June 5, 2017. Moreover, only one exam will pass on this day, which means that the reserve day will be practically not used.

The role of the exam is like main for admission to humanitarian specialties - jurisprudence, political science, journalism, economics, of course, will not change.

This is how the head of the Federal Commission for Test & Measurement Developers sees it. materials of the exam in social studies T.E. Liskova:

That is, the exam continues to be positioned as a fundamental exam that checks the actual graduate of 2017.

Already this year, each option in the test contained a knowledge question and, of course, this trend will continue. There were a lot of mistakes on the part of the 2016 graduates.

Regarding the specific structure of KIM tasks, in comparison, part 2 remained unchanged, and a slight change in part 1, associated with the exclusion of a very controversial and subjective for compilation and verification

Here is an example of this controversial task from the real version of the USE 2015:

The time for writing the exam remains the same - maximum at 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes).

How to prepare for the USE 2017 in social studies?

First of all, by choosing your own individual training path. Taking as a basis - the list of checked topics (by the way, it has not changed in comparison with 2016). Having chosen, together with a teacher, a tutor, the main preparation aid, solve tests and regularly check their knowledge.

For example, we invite all graduates to participate in classes in the site group

Preparation for the exam and exam

Secondary general education

UMK line by G. A. Bordovsky. Social Studies (10-11)

UMK line by G. A. Bordovsky. Social Studies (6-9)

USE in social studies: analysis of assignments with a teacher

We analyze the tasks and build answers to the questions of the exam in social studies.

Every year, the USE in social studies is chosen by almost half of all Russian graduates - this is the most popular exam after the Russian language and mathematics. The reasons are clear - the results of this test are required for admission to many humanitarian specialties.

The exam consists of two parts, with 29 tasks:For the first 20 tasks (No. 1–20), you need to give a short answer - choose the right one from the proposed, correlate the various options with each other, and put the missing word. The remaining 9 tasks (No. 21-29) must be answered in full.

You are given 235 minutes to complete the work.

Exam evaluation criteria. The passing score for the exam is 19 primary points, for this you need to accurately complete the first 13 tasks.

Despite the fact that when assessing the results, a hundred-point scale is used, many are interested in what grade he received on a five-point scale. Here is the equivalent: "satisfactory" - 42-54 points, "good" - 55-66 points, "excellent" - from 67 points.

Kis Romana Nikolaevna, teacher of history and social studies, work experience for 20 years: “Before starting the work, I recommend that my students read the entire text of the work in order to have a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe materials presented in the work. In the conditions of brainstorming, the internal resource of the body is activated and with the further completion of tasks, the effect of novelty will be eliminated, the student will be ready to accept each new task. As materials for work, we use a set of materials for training students in social studies FIPI USE 2017. Option number 7 ".

See also: USE in history: we analyze assignments with a teacher



When performing this task, you should always look at the name of the table. In this case, the table is called "Factors of production", it indicates one of the factors - the Earth, its characteristics are given. The main factors of production are known: land, labor, capital (physical and monetary), entrepreneurial ability and information. We look at the specified characteristic - the activities of people, the use of mental and physical abilities acquired in the learning process, etc. refer us to such a factor of production as work... It is important for students to remember about the factor income of each factor of production, this allows them to more accurately answer questions related to factors of production.

This task requires knowledge of the generic concept (in the question it sounds like a generalizing concept). In this case, we see: abilities as individual characteristics of a person; worldview as a system of views, concepts and ideas of a person about the world and its place in it; character as some properties and qualities of a personality that affect personality behavior; interest as a conscious need that characterizes the attitude of people to objects and phenomena of reality. That is, when performing this task, it is recommended to mentally explain each concept. With this approach, it soon becomes clear that in this task the generic, i.e. generalizing for all these concepts, will be the concept personality - a set of socially significant properties and qualities, which will include abilities, interests, character and worldview.

In this task, we are asked about Galina's social traits (qualities). We remember that a person is biosocial, we remember what features of a person express his sociality ( essential properties personality: knowledge about the world and about oneself, skills, social experience, moral values). Therefore - blonde hair and brown eyes show the natural, individual features of Galina. But the fact that she is kind and responsive are socially significant properties of her personality. Answer 2 is correct. The external attractiveness of a girl also indicates her individual characteristics, given to her by nature, as well as her height. But the fact that Galina is an honest person, and is also friends with many of her classmates, shows how much she knows how to live and interact in society. Means: 2,5,6.

We remember that competition is an important element of market self-regulation, and we also do not forget the types of market competition and their essential characteristics (pure (free) competition, monopolistic, oligopoly, pure monopoly, monopsony). Considering first judgment, we cannot say unequivocally that monopoly has only disadvantages. On the one hand, yes - the market mechanism shows a tendency to monopolize production, since in order to protect against competitors, collusion and merger take place. But we know about the sanitizing or health-improving function of the market. In market conditions, unprofitable enterprises go bankrupt, the economy is freed from inefficient economic activity, more powerful industries are strengthening and flourishing. Therefore, it is difficult to speak unequivocally about the shortcomings of the monopoly. Second judgment true, because a monopolist, having no competitors, independently sets prices for products. That is why the role of the state conducting antimonopoly policy is so important. Third judgment right. An oligopoly is characterized by the existence in the market of several large firms - from two to five, which control the bulk of the market. In the fourth propositionsigns of pure (free) competition are given, when the price is established as a result of balancing supply and demand, and individual sellers cannot influence the price of goods, therefore the answer is incorrect. Fifth judgment - true, because in monopsony, the single buyer dictates the price and the volume of sales. Answer: 2,3,5.

Performing task 12 in the Unified State Exam in social studies, you need to carefully read the conditions of the sociological survey. In this case, we found out how many domestic and imported products are on the shelves of stores in their settlements. The chart shows data for 2005 and 2015. Before reading the presented judgments, you should carefully study the diagram yourself. In 2005, the share of domestic and imported products, according to the respondents, was the same, and 40% of the respondents think so. Next comes the position - domestic products 30%. In 2015, half of the respondents chose the position - domestic products. The trend towards an increase in the share of domestic products was also observed in 2005. In both cases, the smallest choice of answer - I find it difficult to answer. Now we look at the judgments presented in the answer options. First answer corresponds to the tendency we have identified: the share of those who noted that there are more domestic goods in stores has increased over 10 years. The answer is correct. Second answer - not. The share of respondents with an increase in imported goods decreased rather than increased by 2015. Third answercorrect, since the share of those who noted an equal number of domestic imported goods actually decreased. The fourth answer - incorrect, the share of those who found it difficult to answer is less in 2005 than the share of those who answered about the dominance of imported goods. AND fifth answer correct, since we immediately, when analyzing the materials, identified this trend - in 2015, half of the respondents answered that the share of domestic goods is higher than imported.

In carrying out task 16, it is necessary to recall the foundations of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and especially the characteristics of the principle of political pluralism (the ban on the establishment of an official ideology, political diversity, freedom of political opinion and action, opposition as the basis of a multi-party system). First position has nothing to do with political pluralism, since it reveals the principle of federalism in the Russian Federation - the equality of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Second, third and fourth provisionsreveal the essence of the principle of political pluralism. Fifth position also reveals the principle of federalism of the Russian Federation - state integrity. Answer: 2, 3, 4.



Analyzing the materials of 17 assignments, we highlight the basic concepts and norms related to criminal law. Article 2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation defines the tasks of criminal law. This is the protection of the most significant public relations (human rights and freedoms, property, public order and public safety, ensuring peace and human security from criminal encroachments). Hence, first judgment about the protective function of criminal law will be true. Second judgment is also true, because a fine and life imprisonment are punishments provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Third judgmentit is true that it reflects the main characteristics of criminal law as a branch of Russian law. Fourth judgment incorrect, since the principles of equality of the parties, property independence, independence, autonomy of will refer to private law - the Civil Law of the Russian Federation. Fifth judgment is incorrect - the business turnover as a source of law refers to Civil law.

18 the task is related to Labor law... One side is considered here labor relations - the employer, his rights and obligations. When entering into a collective agreement with employee representatives, an employer is obliged to provide complete and reliable information necessary to conclude a collective agreement, reach an agreement and monitor their implementation. Answer A- duties. The employer has the right to require employees to comply with job responsibilities. Answer B- the rights. Ensuring the working conditions stipulated by law, as well as compensating for harm caused to employees in connection with the performance of their labor duties (the employee's right to work safety) are the employer's obligations. Answers C, D - duties. Answer D - it is the employer's right to bargain collectively and conclude collective agreements.

19 task requires a clear knowledge of the grounds for obtaining Russian citizenship on common groundsx. Obtaining citizenship on a general basis means: continuous residence on the territory of the Russian Federation for 5 years, renunciation of the citizenship of another state (this position is indicated in the assignment - Jose Luis applied to the authorized body of state Z with a statement of renunciation of citizenship), the presence of a legitimate source of funds existence, compliance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and legislation, knowledge of the Russian language. Thus, answers 2, 3, 5 are correct.

When completing 20 tasks, you first need to try to read the text and substitute the words yourself, this is how an understanding of the semantic content of the text is achieved, when you read it again, refer to the list of available words. We try to read by inserting words that are close in meaning, then choose from those available in the task.

“Social control is a mechanism by which society ensures compliance with certain rules, violation of (AND) which is detrimental to the functioning social system (in this case, compliance with the rules, the violation of which is harmful, shows the consequences of non-compliance with the rules). In this capacity are morality and law, customs (B), administrative decisions, etc. (here is a list of types of social norms). The action of social control is mainly reduced to the application of various sanctions (IN) to violators of accepted social norms (it is logical that for violation of social norms there is a sanction - an element of social control). At the same time, social control involves rewarding compliance (D) social norms (signs of social control are indicated here - links with sanctions - punishments for violation of norms and rewards for their observance).

Social control acts as an element of any management system (D) social process, as a feedback mechanism that ensures the execution of the commands of the governing body (this reflects the regulatory function of social control).

Social control can be found in the earliest societies. With the development of productive forces and the division of labor, the role of social control increases, and its social structure becomes more complex. Social institutions emerge (E)dealing almost exclusively with social control (for example, the judiciary) ”.

When starting to perform tasks on the text 21-24, you should initially read the text very carefully and highlight the main semantic fragments of the text. Work the text with a pencil for maximum assimilation of the content.

Based on article 27, paragraph 2, the marriage is declared invalid by the court. According to paragraph 4 of Article 27, a marriage is recognized as invalid from the moment of its conclusion. A fictitious marriage is called if the spouses or one of them registered the marriage without the intention to start a family.

The title of the article: "Cases when an invalid marriage is recognized as valid."

When the assignment says to illustrate with an example, then it is necessary to give a specific example, a life situation.

Citizen N. and citizen D., having entered into a fictitious marriage, gave birth to a son, K. a year later, and together they are engaged in his upbringing, lead a joint life, have a common family budget. Attend courses for young parents (in this example, we can observe how fictitious conditions of marriage have developed into family conditions).

The law considers the spouse whose rights have been violated by the conclusion of an invalid (fictitious) marriage to be a bona fide spouse. If we are asked to simulate a situation, this means that we must provide specific examples illustrating the property rights of a bona fide spouse. Right to Receive Content. Citizen K., recognized by the court as a bona fide spouse after the court's decision to dissolve an invalid (fictitious) marriage, was assigned by the court maintenance in the amount of 30 thousand rubles a month from the person who entered into a fictitious marriage with her. Recognition of the terms of the marriage contract. After the court recognized the marriage between citizen S. and citizen K. as invalid, citizen S., who was recognized by the court as a bona fide spouse, retained the right to shared ownership established under the terms of the marriage contract.

In order to answer the question posed, you need to understand what is the subject of family law: relations associated with marriage and termination of marriage; personal non-property and property relations between family members and here we will find a field for our assumption. Because the issues of upbringing children, the acquisition and division of property, assistance to disabled family members are important here; relations arising in connection with the placement in a family of children left without parental care.

1. Equality of rights of spouses in the realization of their interests. The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees men and women equal rights and freedoms and equal opportunities for their implementation. Therefore, upon entering into a marriage, the state guarantees spouses equal opportunities in the implementation of family and marriage relations. For example, the conditions of marriage and circumstances that prevent marriage.
2. Protection of the interests of disabled and minor family members. According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, motherhood and childhood, the family are under the protection of the state. Therefore, in the event of a dissolution of a marriage in which the spouses have minor children, the marriage will be dissolved in court, under the control of state authorities.
3. The priority of parenting... The state prioritizes the obligation of parents to take care of the welfare and development of their children. In case of non-observance by the parents of the established procedure, the parents may be deprived of their parental rights, here the state coercion comes into force.

This task can be successfully completed only with knowledge of the basic concepts of the course. A social institution is a historically established form of organizing joint activities of people, which implements socially useful functions. The main social institutions in the economic sphere are property, banks, firms. Social institutions - family, kindergarten, schools perform the most important function of social institutions - they provide socialization of individuals.

1. Leads to monopolization of productionbecause protection from competition encourages collusion and mergers. In this situation, the state can, by force of its coercion, prohibit merger agreements, adopt antitrust legislation, or apply economic sanctions to monopolists.
2. Does not guarantee the solution of socio-economic problems: unemployment, inflation, the State takes measures to regulate the amount of money in circulation, sets the value of the interest rate, the volume of investments, the exchange rate. All these measures are aimed at combating inflation. To combat unemployment, the state establishes minimum wage, working hours and rest hours, freezes prices in order to reduce the level of social tension in society.
3. Distributes economic benefits based on the results of competitionleading to social inequality. Governmental support small and medium-sized businesses, which will create a healthy competitive environment and many jobs, redistribution of income to eliminate excessive social inequality, leveling the level of social economic development regions.

Read each episode carefully and immediately find a fragment related to the form of the state. The head of state is elected by popular vote - we are talking about the republic. Adhering to a generally binding ideology is a sign of totalitarianism. Constant state control over all spheres of society is a sign of totalitarianism. Extrajudicial persecution of opposition movements is a sign of totalitarianism. The state includes territories that do not have political independence - a sign of a unitary state. The components of the form of the state include: the form of government, the political regime and the state-territorial structure.

1. Form of government - republic (Head of state is elected by popular vote);
2. The political regime is totalitarian;

The state-territorial structure is a unitary state (the state includes territories that do not have political independence).

To write a plan for any of the social science topics, it is necessary to clearly understand the structure of the study of the topic. Since, the plan aims to recreate the structure of the theme. The writing of the plan also depends on the quality of mastering the material of the topic, understanding its structure. In this case, the theme of the plan is clear and transparent. We are talking about the most important social science phenomenon - socialization. It is important to reveal such a topic through the very characteristics of socialization, then show the stages of socialization, agents of socialization, the functions of socialization, touch on the issues of resocialization and desocialization and complete the plan with a problematic question regarding the topic of the plan.

1. Socialization as a process of assimilation by an individual of social norms and values \u200b\u200bof society necessary for successful life in society.
2. Stages of socialization:
A) initial (child's socialization);
B) middle (school, university);
C) final (socialization of an adult acquiring new social roles - husband, father, grandfather)
3. Socialization agents:
A) primary socialization (family, school, company of friends);
B) secondary socialization (university, army, church, media, etc.)
4. Socialization functions:
A) mastering the system of knowledge about the world, man, society;
B) gaining experience of interaction in society;
C) assimilation of moral norms and values;
D) mastering skills, skills, competencies
5. The processes of desocialization and resocialization.
6. Problem impact environment on the processes of socialization of the human personality.

When writing an essay, first of all, it is necessary to clearly understand the sphere of society to which the chosen topic belongs. You should carefully read the proposed topics, analyze your knowledge base, understand on which of the topics you have clearer ideas about the conceptual apparatus of the topic, for which of the topics you can give examples that are most relevant to the topic.

In this case, we select a topic from the economics section. We carefully read the quote. We understand that the problem of limited resources is immediately raised, with unlimited (endless) human needs. In fact, the main question of the economy sounds - how to satisfy the unlimited human needs with limited economic resources. The quote touches upon another problem - the impossibility of satisfying all human needs, which means the need to make a choice in favor of the most necessary goods. So, we go to the problems of a competent consumer.

Writing an essay:

In this statement, the authors raise the most important economic problem - the limited resources necessary for the production of material goods. As you know, there are very few free goods, unlimited and available to all who need them, in nature. Economic benefits - the means necessary to meet the needs of people and available to society in a limited amount, cannot satisfy endless human desires in full. Here we come to the main question of economic theory: how to satisfy the endless and growing needs of the population with limited material resources? The problem of limited resources leads society to the need to make a choice. The choice is made by producers of material goods using necessary resources, known to us as factors of production (land, labor, capital, entrepreneurial ability, information). Each of these production resources has its own limitations. So, labor, as a factor of production associated with the activities of people in the production of goods and services through the use of their physical and intellectual capabilities, skills, can be limited by the size of the able-bodied population, territorial location or professional competencies... It is well known that the land, as a factor of production, including all types of natural resources available on the planet and suitable for the production of material goods, is limited by the natural relief, the amount of suitable land required for employment agriculture or the presence and development of minerals and their depletion. Physical capital will be limited by the level of scientific and technological development of society, and money capital - by the volume of money supply in circulation by the state and the level of inflation. Only 13% of the world's population have entrepreneurial abilities, which shows the rarity of their talent. Information as a factor of production will be at least limited by the level of science and education in a particular economic system... In addition to the main factors of production, factors such as the general culture of production and consumption, science, the state of morality, and the level of legal awareness play an important role in economic life. The producer, relying on the initial available economic benefits, taking into account the production costs - the producer's costs for the acquisition and use of production factors and the size economic profit (the difference between the total revenue of the firm and economic costs), which will allow us to assess the possibility of the existence of the enterprise, will produce the product that will be most beneficial for it in conditions of market competition.

An example is the Model N, the fifth model by Henry Ford, which has become a true bestseller in production and consumption. She was cheap and reliable, strong and unpretentious. For 1906, Ford managed to sell 2,194 copies - a huge success by the standards of the early twentieth century. In America at the time, 485 American companies were offering their products to consumers. The production technology was simple, but the average price of a car in the 1900s was $ 1000 - fantastic money for that time. Henry Ford understood already then that it was possible to win against competitors only if prices were reduced. And he succeeded, Ford created not only a cheap, but also a reliable car that he used in great demand from buyers. An example is the Mercedes company, which during the global economic crisis of 2008-2010 abandoned the mass production of expensive five-door models and switched to the production of three-door models, which allowed, first of all, to save jobs at the enterprise, not to close factories. located in the territories of other states. And save the consumer market.

Let's turn again to another part of the quote, which states that it is impossible to have everything that you want, so you have to choose. The problem of economic choice is important not only for the producer, but also for the consumer. The willingness to acquire goods has two sides: desire and opportunity. Opportunity is associated with such an economic concept as demand - the willingness of a buyer to purchase goods and services at a certain price at a certain point in time and in certain quantities. In other words, demand expresses the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity that buyers want and can buy. Non-price factors also have a great influence on the amount of demand. An example is the cosmetics market, which has traditionally been one of the most dynamic and profitable sectors of the economy.

It is known that experts estimated the annual volume of the cosmetic market before the summer 1998 crisis at 3 billion US dollars. After the crisis, this amount has almost halved. However, the crisis made it possible for domestic producers to take the lead. As a result, there was an almost complete import substitution of goods of the middle price category. The non-price factor played a role here. After the crisis, domestic manufacturers were able to overcome the consumer stereotype “only imported cosmetics can be good” by offering customers a high-quality product. Today, the Russian cosmetics industry has excellent prerequisites for growth: the country has a developed chemical industry, a significant number of specialists and scientific laboratories. In addition, national traditions force women to spend significant amounts on maintaining beauty. Climatic conditions Russia requires special skin care, which creates additional opportunities for the manufacturer, but consumers always have the opportunity to determine their choice.

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The manual contains 25 options for typical test tasks in social studies, as well as 80 additional tasks of part 2. All tasks are drawn up taking into account the features and requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2017.
The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with information about the structure and content of KIM in social studies, the degree of difficulty of tasks, a large number of the most different types assignments to develop sustainable skills for their implementation.
The authors of the assignments are leading specialists who are directly involved in the development of the USE assignments and methodological materials to prepare for the implementation of control measuring materials.
The collection also contains:
answers to all variants of tests and tasks of part 2;
evaluation criteria for assignments in part 2;
samples of forms used on the exam to record answers.
The manual is addressed to teachers to prepare students for One state exam in social studies, as well as high school students for self-preparation and self-control.

Examples.
Choose the correct judgments about human activities and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Human activity has a constructive and transformative character.
2) Human activity is entirely determined by conditioned reflexes.
3) Unlike the behavior of animals, human activity is focused on meeting the needs acting at a given moment in time.
4) Human activity is caused by social needs.
5) Human activity is strong-willed and conscious.

The arms race has affected the aggravation of the ecological and economic situation in the world. Select from the list below the global issues that are directly reflected in this causal relationship. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) the threat of a new world war
2) ecological crisis and its consequences
3) lag of developing countries of the "third world" from developed countries
4) the demographic situation on the planet
5) alcoholism and drug addiction
6) international terrorism

Choose the right judgments about the subjects of banking and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Commercial banks can be engaged in the production of material values.
2) The central bank can accept deposits and issue loans.
3) The Central Bank can establish certain financial standards that all credit organizations must comply with.
4) Commercial banks can engage in trade and property insurance.
5) Commercial banks can be engaged in lending to enterprises, the state and the population.

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• Unified State Exam, 700 tasks in social studies with answers, All tasks, Closed segment, Lazebnikova A.Yu., Korolkova E.S., Rutkovskaya E.L., 2020
• Unified State Exam 2009, social studies, typical test items, Lazebnikova A.Yu., Rutkovskaya E.L., Gorodetskaya N.I., Korolkova E.S., 2009

Educational portal "Study HERE" offers to pass the test examinations of the Unified State Exam in social studies. After you pass the test, you will be shown the correct answers. These tests will help you prepare for a future exam. With repeated training, you will have an idea of \u200b\u200bhow the USE in social studies goes. Of course, the trial versions of the USE will not coincide with the real tasks. But keep in mind, when you take an on-line test on the "Study HERE" website, you are not limited in time, and on a real exam, the time frame is strictly regulated.

The training exam has a positive effect on academic performance

The collected statistics allow experts to conclude that those students who constantly pass the training exam, including online tests, learn better than their peers. This can be explained by the fact that schoolchildren recall the previously passed material, training on the trial exam. And new knowledge is based on old ones. Repetition of the past helps to better understand new topics. In addition, the student recognizes his weaknesses and repeats them to improve his result. Those who prepare better for the exam and pass the exam better will be able to enter a more prestigious university and get a modern higher education at a high level.

Do online tests match the real USE?

Online examinations of the exam do not correspond to the tasks on the real exam. But they have a general principle of constructing questions. The child also needs to get used to the test form of the exam. Online tests allow you to prepare at home for the most serious school test. Many children are very nervous before the exam. But those who trained at home are already ready for the exam, and they are not so worried. This allows them to focus their attention and strain their memory. Concentration allows you to avoid stupid mistakes that could take away precious points. For these reasons, teachers advise schoolchildren to periodically check their readiness for the exam using various mock tests. After all, every ball can decide whether a graduate will be able to enter a particular university. And studying at a good Moscow university is the key to a successful career. So it is worthwhile to responsibly approach the issue of preparation and devote some time online tests USE, which will help you prepare for the USE.