Package manufacturers from polyethylene. Making polyethylene packages. Packages with logo

To pack the sandwiches and fruits, in America in the 50s the first packing package was made. It turned out that it is convenient, and already in the 60s bread began to sell in such packages. Traditional "T-shirts" appeared on sale only in the 80s, and all over the world they became popular since the beginning of the 2000s. And no accident: the production of polyethylene packages is quite simple, the price of the product is low, and the convenience - mass. Today, "Look" in the workshop and tell how polyethylene packages make.

Technology production of polyethylene packages

The production of polyethylene packages occurs in several stages:

• the extruder blows the polyethylene "pipe";
• the pipe is cut into parts;
• glue the seams by welding;
• cut the handles;
• a pattern or staining on a special machine is applied;
• after that, the product can be further laminate. Of course, it is not required for "T-shirts" and "packing", but for long-term options with handles, branded packages - relevant.

How the film appears

Polyethylene film from which packets are made are made by extrusion. First, polyethylene in the form of granules-balls is loaded into the hopper of the extruder: there it melts at a temperature of 180-240 ° C, it is added and blown through a round hole. The melted material under the pressure of the air rises into the upper part of the extruder, where it is cooled and wound on the drum. When the desired method is wound, the film is cut and a new roll is started.

IMPORTANT: If you immediately need to get an opaque film, then a dye falls into the extruder hopper together with granules.

Print drawing

To apply a drawing or logo, a machine will be needed: flexographic - for editions of more than 3000 pieces or silk screenic - for editions from 100 pieces.

What is the difference between silk screen and flexography:

• the silkograph draws a drawing using stencils, allows you to quickly create bright and large images;
• flexograph prints with liquid high-elastic paints. The machine consists of rollers on which soft polymer printing forms are planned. The dispenser gives the paint, the roller is wetted by it, and then the drum starts rewinding the film. During rewind, the film rotates rollers, and they leave a bright, durable drawing on it.

The paint needs to be breeding with technical alcohol and constantly mix during the work so that it does not leave.

Cutting and welding seams

The packing machine cuts a roll on a given template, forms a fold on the side and on the bottom seam. The heating press at a temperature of 180 ° with just 2 seconds searches these folds in the seams.

Welcome occurs according to the specified seam size - this indicator is responsible for the strength of the package, since the bottom is the greatest load.

Now the film has turned into a roll of blanks, and it is sent on the cutting. For this, the roll is pulled through an optical sensor: it marks the boundaries of each package, focusing in the drawing and seams. Such a sensor is required when you need to apply logos or a specific picture in a specific part of the package.

Guillotine (hot knife) or cutting press cut out products by template, and also form a handle. Depending on the template, the handles can be cut down, if it is the manufacture of packet-bags - cut out in the form, for which a special nozzle is required for the press. Bananans are enhanced by the handles: tight plastic plastic solder on them.

That's all: ready-made packages are packaged 100 pieces, go to quality check, and then - to the warehouse.

For packaging of finished products, plastic clamps will be needed. For their manufacture, you will also need a special installation.

Equipment for the production of polyethylene packages

So, for the full cycle, there will be such machines for the production of polyethylene packages:

• extruder - "Splinning" sheets with a width of 30-50 cm and a thickness of 0.1 mm from polyethylene granules. Piston, disc, single-walled and numerous extruders with a capacity of 40 kg / h;

Warning: You can save by purchasing a half-hour automatic and finished film, but as a result, the cost of the finished product will be higher. Only "packing" and garbage bags can be produced on such a machine - on the assortment "do not walk". Therefore, companies with the production of a full cycle packages are often cheaper than in semi-historic workshops, and the produced ruler is wider.

• the packaged precedural machine in which the heating and cutting press, thermoigli is built into, photosensor - will take off and cut down the handles ("T-shirts", "bananas", packaging with a plastic clamp, etc.);
• flexograph - print drawing;
• machine for lamination, drying and manufacture of clamps.

Living of machine tools - about 10 years, if you make prevention in time.

Line for the production of polyethylene packages needs shop systemwhich supports temperature regime. It is necessary that the resulting sheet is cooled and frozen exactly.

In the workshop there must be ceilings from 8 meters, the area is approx. 150 sq. M. meters. To save the health of employees, you need a powerful ventilation, since the melting of polyethylene allocates aggressive volatile compounds. Therefore, the workshop itself should be in a non-residential or industrial zone. Equipment, placement, systems and organization of jobs are checked for compliance of GOST 12.3.002-74, 12.2.061-81 and 12.3.002-74.

Raw materials and suppliers

The raw material for the production of polyethylene packages must be complied with GOST 10354-82 (it must be certified quarterly, providing produced samples for examination).

The best polyethylene for the production of packages is the granules of a spherical shape with a diameter of 3-5 mm.

What plastic bags are made from:

• high Pressure Polyethylene (PVD) - He is high-quality, non-toxic, designed to food Industry. It goes to the production of polyethylene packages for packing. From it they make "T-shirts", bags with cut and looped handles. The product is not torn even from sharp items and does not crack from frost. Corresponds to GOST 16337-77;
• low Pressure Polyethylene (PND) - There are both better options with admission to contact with food products and standard PND for storing dry and bulk products. Such products withstand a lot of weight, they often make trash bags. Not afraid of frost and chemical reagents, correspond to GOST 16338-85.

PVD compared to the PND softer, plastic and more pleasant with the appearance, with a matte surface. PND is tougher, denser, not so transparent and rustle.

In addition, all granules are divided into the first grade and recycling polyethylene.

Packages from the secondary polymer in quality worse, they are toxic, it is forbidden to put food products. Secondary raw materials are suitable only for the production of garbage bags.

Among the manufacturers are popular with granulated polyethylene brands 10803-020, 15813-003 and 15313-003 (PJSC Kazanorgsintez, LLC Tomskneftekhim) and South Korean production.

The manufacturing process itself is simple. The main thing is to work before the start of production: do not save on automatic equipment and high-quality raw materials. Secondary polymers and semi-automatives often turn into a high cost price and temporary costs that are negotiated by all initial savings.

Polyethylene plastic bags are used for various purposes, apply in all industries and economic activity. They can wear everything from food to electronic goods.

PRODUCTION

Pakverk in Moscow is engaged in manufacturing polymeric materials Different types. Production of polyethylene packages is one of the specializations of our company. Products offered by us are useful in everyday life, they are used when making purchases, transportation of various goods.

We can order the production of different types of packages:

• thin "Mains" different sizes;
• from a dense film with a strengthened cut handle, reinforced additional film strip;
• packets with side folds;
• making bags of large and non-standard sizes;
• production of classic packages with an overhead handle;
• with a broken handle and with a simple / mortgage bottom;
• with a clasp;
• production of packaging thin bags without pens in rolls;
• trash bags and others.

Packages with logo

In accordance with the requirements of the customer, we can apply high quality printing using the flexography using the latest dyes of imported production. Printing is performed by the latest technology, with special attention to high quality Our packages.

When ordering production on packages of different types At the Karpak plant in Moscow, it is important to specify the following parameters:

• the size;
• type of handle on packages - cutting reinforced / non-permanent handle, without handle;
• the type of bottom is the usual / mortgage;
• film density;
• print color - monochrome, 4 colors or full color;
• the maximum sealing area on the polyethylene package;
• circulation.

You can get more detailed information about the products and conditions of cooperation and production from our managers.

Included in the catalog of the 2020th year of the company set up production and sales in bulk. Prices are low, negotiable. The list added 120 industry representatives. Famous suppliers on russian market:

• "Foodupak",
• "Packer service",
• "Industripian",
• "Lietpak",
• "Greenpak", etc.

Products are widely used for food packaging, for the purpose of storage and transportation. Packaging products are used in production, in the construction sector, in trade, etc. Packages are delivered in a roll form or packs. Production material - polymer film. Range:

• polyethylene,
• vacuum
• paper
• filling
• with valve
• with a loop handle
• t-shirt, etc. Categories.

Companies updated equipment. Print is available branded logo Applying color paint. Popular products from PVC, polyethylene PVD and PND, polypropylene are popular. Buyers order transparent containers, single-layer and multi-layered products. Delivery - Moscow and Moscow region, regions, export.

Manufacturers are interested in cooperation with dealers, materials suppliers. Size and color products - to choose from. Address, phone, site are indicated in the "Contacts" tab. We will send an order on time. Regarding buying packaging bags in bulk, download price - Write a manager. Quality at a bargain price!

Polyethylene packages are the most common packaging material in Russia and the world. Our country is located on 3 place in terms of consumption of this product. Packages are used in various spheres of production and maintenance. The demand for them is steadily growing every year, and manufacturers working in the market can not cover it. Niche is open to new participants, so the production of packages is a very interesting business idea.

In the article, we will tell you how to open a small plant for the manufacture of polyethylene packages, we describe the business features, we give economic calculations.

Trends in the market

Polyethylene packages in Russia began to produce and introduce to the market from the mid-1980s., Although they received the mass distribution in the 90s.

According to the data for 2016, the market of flexible plastic packaging in the world exceeded 60 million tons. This is somewhere 1.5-2 trillion pieces of packages. Dynamics in the Russian Federation for last years Next:

• 2013 - 26.7 billion pieces;
• 2014 - 24.7 billion pieces;
• 2015 - 24.3 billion pieces;
• 2016 - 22.6 billion pcs.

The volume of production and consumption in the market is restored after falling in 2014-2015, the share of importers is reduced. If more than a few years ago, more than half of all PE packages were imported, then in 2016 only 5 billion pieces are imported.

There are several large manufacturers And many small.

Analysis of demand for products and sales market

Polyethylene packages are used for carrying, storing various things and products. This product is used in all spheres of management. In everyday life wholesale retail, in industrial enterprises, in the construction sector.

The demand for PE-packages increases in proportion to the growth of production in the country. Than more productsThe higher the need for packaging material. Varieties are a lot: "T-shirts", gift, advertising, single and multi-layered, for garbage.

Separately it is worth allocating the scope of marketing. All major companies order branded packages with logos and drawings affixed on them - this is an important element of promotional promotion.

What advantages and cons is the production of plastic bags as a business?

Before running a business project, you need to perform a SWOT analysis, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the case.

The advantages that produce polyethylene packages:

• high demand, the possibility of permanent sales by concluding long-term contracts;
• non-case production technology using special equipment. (the process is automated);
• workers do not need to study long - enough to go general training managing, maintenance of technology;
• the initial raw material is inexpensive, there is the possibility of recycling.

Minuses are as follows:

• high costs on equipment equipment to ensure a full cycle;
• a large room will be required to place all the technique in it;
• at wholesale salesah Goods most often come true for delayed payments - it creates the risk of debt and reduce working capital.

What you need to open a small factory

The main expenditure article on initial investment is to purchase a production line. The main article on the monthly expenses is the purchase of raw materials.

Table 1. The size of the initial costs for creating a business for the production of polyethylene packages.

Calculations are relevant for the city with a population of up to 1 million people. AT additional expenses Communal payments, advertising, redecoration costs are included.

Legal design

We expect to open major production - we will sell the goods large enterprises and wholesalers. Therefore, when registering is recommended to choose the form of LLC.

OKVED codes for production:

• 25.2 "Production of plastic products";
• 25.22 "Production of plastic products for packing";
• 51.47 " Wholesale other non-food consumer goods. "

Taxation system is simplified.

All requirements for manufactured product are indicated in Guest 10354-82. To start production, you should check and obtain a certificate of conformity from Rospotrebnadzor. The certificate must be confirmed every quarter (it is important because consumers request compliance documents).

Also need permits from the city administration, fire service, SanEpidnadzor.

Technology

The entrepreneur can establish a complete or incomplete production cycle. Full cycle means performing the entire complex of work. In case of incomplete cycle, you will have to purchase a finished film at an overplicable price - this affects the cost finished products.

The production process consists of several stages.

1. Polyethylene granulates falling asleep into an extruder. Here the raw material melts to a homogeneous state.
2. By squeezing the alloy, the sleeve of the film is formed.
3. The sleeve is cooled and rolls with rollers.
4. With the help of equipment (automatic knives), the sleeve is divided into segments of the desired length. Drawings are applied to these segments (if necessary).
5. The film falls under the press where the bottom fold of the package is created, the handles are cut, the shape of the workpiece is determined.
6. The edges are soldered - the goods are ready.

Room

The production premises should be located in the industrial area of \u200b\u200bthe city, far from residential neighborhoods. Rent it best on the outskirts of the city - here you can find a cheap option.

The height of the ceilings in the working workshop, where the production line will be located - at least 8 m, the electricity is three-phase. All communication systems should be equipped, there is good ventilation (so that harmful evaporations). It is recommended to make cosmetic repairs.

The room should drive the access road.

Suitable area - 300 square meters. m for the workshop, warehouse For raw materials and finished products, administrative premises, locker rooms, bathroom.

With the arrangement of the room, consider the requirements of GOST 12.2.032-78, 12.2.033-78, 12.2.061-81, 12.3.002-74.

Equipment

The line for the manufacture of polyethylene packages is automated, most of the work performed itself. The staff only manages the technique, follows her work. The equipment described in the section provides a full production cycle.

Table 2. Equipment required for the production of polyethylene packages.

Raw

There are 2 main types of raw materials for PE package production:

• high pressure polyethylene (PVD), granulated, for food products (requirements for GOST 16337-77);
• low pressure polyethylene (PND) granulated, for non-splash products (requirements for GOST 16338-85).

To apply color images, you will need:

• concentrate for polyethylene staining;
• paints for drawing pattern;
• mSX-145 solid polymer for creating photopolymer cliches and forms.

You can create a non-spicy film with a secondary granulate, which is much cheaper. The quality of the finished product based on it is worse.

The Russian market sells plastic raw materials both Russian and foreign manufacturers.

Staff

Equipment for the production of PE packets Most of the work makes itself - workers in production are performed only by servicing function. This reduces the state and monthly costs. However, the salary should be high to motivate people work well and "stay" for a place.

The staff should include:

• workers in the workshop, 2 people;
• movers, handymen, 2 people;
• technologist, 1 person;
• sales Manager, 1 person;
• driver, 1 person;
• accountant, 1 person;
• head of a mini plant, 1 person.

It is possible to combine the posts of the technologist and the older on the workshop - a person who occupies this position will follow, as other employees work. Driver recommend hire with their car, accountant - on outsourcing. The functions of the head of the mini-plant can take on the businessman himself.

Marketing and Sales Plan

Start looking for buyers and orders before the production start. Potential buyers conclude preliminary agreements or full-fledged contracts.

Scrupulously examine the market, the current offer and prices, find those who are needed to work with polyethylene packages. The sales manager will work with clients - negotiate and enter into contracts. Develop and type POS materials (including business cards).

Make the official website, describe in it the advantages of your enterprise, place commercial proposal. Organize the mailing list.

Be sure to place ads on the Internet, thematic media, promote your products at manufacturing exhibitions.

Payback and profitability calculations: business plan

The size of the initial costs amounted to 5.24 million rubles.

The workshop will work 22 days a month at 8 o'clock (standard working day). Performance line per hour - up to 65 kg, a day - up to 520 kg, a month - up to 11,440 kg. In 1 kg about 200 packages (for example 1 package-shirts 46 × 55 mm). That is, a month can be made up to 2.288 million packages of this type.

Costs per month - 1.72 million rubles. (cost 1 package - 75.2 kopecks).

Price 1 package approximately 1.3 rubles. If we sell all the products produced for the month, you can earn almost 3 million rubles. Net profit less expenses - 1.28 million rubles.

In this case, the payback period will be only 4 months. But for a month everything that was produced, at the initial stage, it is hardly possible. If you build active sales activities, work in different regions and actively promote yourself, you can pay off about 1 year.

Tables 3. Economic justification business ideas.

PE packages are harmful to ecology. Plastic from which they are made, disintegrates for 300 years. There is no full-fledged system for collecting, disposal and processing polyethylene - neither in Russia or in other countries. Most of the packages used turns out to be on landfills, discharged into the ocean, brings significant harm to the planet's biosphere. Because of this, many countries (most of the United States, Western Europe, Japan) gradually refuse to this product, are looking for a replacement (for example, paper bags).

In Russia, the production and consumption of polyethylene packages grow. As experts believe, in the medium term such a situation will continue.

Another point: In 2017, one of the special representatives of the President of the Russian Federation proposed to introduce an environmental fee for using plastic bags. Now the idea is only being developed, but after a few years the collection can be introduced - this will create an additional load on manufacturers. Consider this when drawing up detailed business Project.

Despite the negative attitude towards polyethylene ecologists, the idea of \u200b\u200bproduction is beneficial. According to the business plan, the production of polyethylene packages will be released in zero for the year of active work. It requires considerable costs, but also the financial return is very decent.

In this article:

Polyethylene packages are used everywhere: in supermarkets and stores, for standard and gift wrapping, for storing products and garbage removal.

All areas of application of polyethylene packages and not list. There were already those times when our compatriots preferred to use rag bags, and polyethylene ulles were carefully stored and kept. Today, the polyethylene package performs its main purpose - to be a disposable means for packaging and comfortable transportation of products. And this means that the demand for them will be stable and the decline is not predisposed.

In addition to obvious functions, the packages have become a means of efficient mobile advertising - After all, almost every large company, boutique or supermarket there is a corporate package with an enterprise logo, a list of services and contact details that are distributed as a gift. And the client is nice, and there is a lot of advertising.

Analysis of demand for products (polyethylene packages) and sales market

According to statistics, in the market of domestic production there is enough unfilled niches, because 20% of polyethylene products continues to come from foreign manufacturers. At the same time, the main competitors of domestic entrepreneurs - the Kulkov of Turkish and Chinese production, which are extremely low price and the corresponding quality. Light handles, not until the end of the propaned seams, dull bottoms - only a small list of "charms" from buying such products. But for our consumer, the price has always been a decisive factor, therefore such competition takes place, especially in the border regions.

However, it concerns only direct wholesale sales of finished products. It is much more profitable to work under the order, concluding contracts for the supply of packaging material and finished packages for various trade, industrial, construction and agricultural enterprises. Here the rule of "image of the company" is triggered here: no self-respecting company will offer the buyer a product in low-quality packaging.

Polyethylene products are in demand in any region. Moreover, even if a large plant is already working in your city, medium and small business Freely finds his niche, having studied the proposals of competitors. Types of polyethylene packages There are plenty: Banana packages, "T-shirt" packages, garbage bags, gift bags, advertising packages with logo, single-layer, multi-layered, various sizes, colors and shapes. The task of the entrepreneur is to find products with the highest demand, or to occupy a niche, uncooked by other manufacturers.

Choice of Strategy and Legal Registration of Business

Opening the production of polyethylene packages, you can go in two ways:

• production of the full cycle (from the manufacture of film to the release of packages of any configurations);
• partial production (from purchasing finished film, applying images, cutting on forms with subsequent spike).

Consider a full cycle as a more promising type of business. Though capital investments Such an enterprise will require more, the possibility of marketing, diverseness of products and, accordingly, profitability will be significantly higher. In addition, such an enterprise may be thus the supplier of the finished film for the industries of an incomplete cycle.

The possibility of using the finished film:

• universal packaging material
• construction waterproofing,
• material for greenhouses, greenhouses and other agricultural sector needs,
• protection against pollution during construction or repair work.

Optimal Organizational Form for Production of Polyethylene Products - entity on a simplified tax system.

When registering an enterprise, you must specify the following OKVED codes:

• 25.2 - Production of plastic products
• 25.22 - Production of plastic products for packaging
• 51.47 - Wholesale of other inedible consumer goods.

To launch the workshop, a certificate of production, permits received in the local administration, sanitary and epidemiological and environmental service, an energy supervision, fire protection. The production of film for polyethylene packages must be compliance according to GOST 10354-82 (the certification of the food film is required to confirm every 3 months). But in order to get such a certificate, you should run technological line (Of course, after receiving all production permits), and the obtained samples provide for an expert opinion.

Placement for the production of polyethylene packages

The manufacture of a polyethylene film refers to environmentally harmful production, so there is a number of certain requirements for the selection of the room:

• the production workshop or mini-plant should be located in an industrial or country non-residential zone;
• the presence of supply and exhaust ventilation, heating and control of humidity in the placement room and in stock;
• three-phase electrical connections, grounding of batteries; - ceilings height of at least 8 m (height of the extrusion machine ~ 6 m), interior decoration of walls, floor, ceiling - from non-combustible materials;
• the placement of industrial equipment in the workshop can correspond to GOST 12.3.002-74;
• the presence of a fire system, the possibility of safe evacuation in the fire;
• the organization of jobs must comply with the requirements of guests 12.2.061-81 and 12.3.002-74, as well as ergonomic characteristics of GOST 12.2.033-78, 12.2.032-78.

To accommodate a complex of production equipment, it will take room in 300 squares, which will be divided into three parts: production workshop (180 m 2), warehouse warehouse and finished products (80 m 2), office and showroom (40 m).

Equipment for the production of polyethylene packages

For the manufacture of a polyethylene film, followed by the formation of packages, it is planned to purchase a production line consisting of the following equipment:

1) Extruder - The converter of raw material granules in the film (300-550 mm wide, 0.009 - 0.10 mm thick), by blowing up-up. Productivity - 40 kg. Per hour;

2) Flexographic machine - for printing drawings, logos and other images;

3) Machine for the manufacture of plastic clamps for packaging;

4) Packing Multifunctional Machine, with a built-in cutting press, equipped with a servo, photosensor, conveyor, thermal fluctuations, and allowing the packages of various modifications, incl. "T-shirt", "banana", packages with double bottom seam, garbage bags, packaging for products with plastic clamp, etc.

The cost of the technological line with delivery, configuration, personnel training and signal start - 3,840,000 rubles.

In addition to the machines, it is planned to purchase office, exhibition and warehouse equipment (racks, boxes, boxes, tables, stands) for the placement of raw materials, finished products and equipment of workplaces for staff. Cost additional equipment For the workshop - 60,000 rubles.

Raw materials for production of polyethylene packages

The polyethylene film is made of polymer granules of the first grade or recycling.

Two types of raw materials are used:

• PND (low pressure polyethylene, GOST 16338-85), for contact with bulk and dry products;
• PVD (high-pressure polyethylene, GOST 16337-77), designed to pack food).

The cheapest raw material is recognized as South Korean granulate (~ $ 380 per ton), but there are a lot of other types of domestic or foreign production, with a price range from $ 420 to $ 750 per ton. To make a color film, special dyes ($ 15-50 per 1 kg) are added to the initial raw material.

For production bags for garbage Or other types of non-scruming films can be used and a secondary granulate, which is much cheaper, because it is made of waste polyethylene, but also the quality of such raw materials, respectively, low.

Technology production of polyethylene packages

1. Polymer granules are loaded into extruder bunkerwhere they take them the feeding auger. Here the temperature is maintained from 180 0 C to 240 0 C and as the granules are warm up, melting into a homogeneous mass. As a result of extrusion, a polyethylene film is formed in the form of a pipe (sleeves). One extruder allows you to make a film of various thicknesses and width by special setting.

2. The polyethylene "tube" is gradually cooled, then rolled with rollers.

3. The sleeve is cut by an automatic knife so that two identical bands of the desired width are obtained.

4. The winding sweeps the film into the rolls (trimming is packaged separately, for recycling). When the roll width reaches the set size, the roll is moved using the operator and the next one begins to swell. And so to the end of the film produced.

5. Drawing pattern. The paint is divorced by alcohol and is constantly mixed so as not to lose viscosity.

6. With the help of the dispenser, the dye comes to special coloring rollers, which make the picture printing. After applying printing, the film is again wounded into rolls.

7. The finished roll enters the packaged machine where the template template is formed, a bottom fold is highlighted.

8. The marking press makes the holes for the handles (cuts out the "T-shirt", cuts off the upper part to attach the plastic fastener - it all depends on the template).

9. The welding surface connects the edges, seating with heating to 180 0 C. Ready packages Formed in packs of 100 pieces.

10. Quality control. Checking spikes and fasteners fasteners.

Business Plan for the production of polyethylene packages

The cost of manufacturing plastic bags is calculated under each order individually, since in addition to the price of a granular used, depends on a number of additional factors:

• size, shape, package design,
• film density
• the presence of a fortified handle and bottom folds,
• color printing (number of shades involved, pattern area, presence of complex combinations, one-sided, double-sided printing, etc.).

Take to calculate the payback of the business project, the manufacture of white opaque packets with a cut-down handle, 40 cm wide, 60 cm high and a thickness of 16 microns.

The cost of such a package made of PND pellets is 0.13 kopecks, and the wholesale trade price is 0.70 kopecks. Considering that production capacity allows us to produce about 70 pieces / minutes, then with a single work and 22 working days, profit will be: 60 min * 8 h * 22 rubles / day * 70 pieces (0.70 - 0.13 rubles) \u003d 421 344 rub / month.

Expenditure part:

• rent production workshop (300 m 2 * 150 rub. / M 2) \u003d 45 000 rub. / Month,
• electricity - 8,000 rubles / month,
• heating (for 6 months of the heating season, broken by equal parts for all months of the year),
• water and others utilities - 12 000 rubles / month,
• personnel salary (6 people: director, accountant, technologist, 3 workers) - 128,000 rubles / month.,
• profit tax (15% of profit less expenses) - 34 252 rubles / month.

Total expenses: 227 252 rub. / Month.

Net profit: 421 344 – 227 252 = 194 092 rub. / Month.

Calculation of profitability:

Primary investment (3,930,000 rubles):

• purchase of equipment - 3,840 000 rub.,
• additional equipment - 60,000 rubles,
• costs on documenting production (discovery law firm, obtaining the necessary permits and product certification) - 30 000 rubles.

With the calculated profit in 194,092 rubles / month, the initial investments will pay off after 1 year and 9 months.

It should be borne in mind that the basis of the calculations was one of the most simple options Finished products, but it all depends on the demand and sales capabilities in your region. For example, the sale price of color packages of the same parameters will be higher by 15%, with one central monochrome image - by 34% (with an increase in cost by 5 and 10%, respectively). In addition, the company may receive orders for the manufacture of PVD or PND packages on individual layouts, and the profitability of such projects is significantly higher.