Equipment for the production of polypropylene tableware. How to choose equipment for the production of disposable tableware: machine and thermoforming machine. Where to locate production

Can production disposable tableware be an idea for profitable business? The demand for such products is quite high. For example, recently, disposable paper cups for take-away coffee are very popular - they are in any coffee shop. Sets of plastic forks and plates are regularly required by people who celebrate corporate events in the office or go to picnics. How much does it cost to organize a disposable tableware business and what equipment is required for this?

In some European countries, the authorities are trying to limit the use and production of disposable tableware - it is considered harmful to the environment. Indeed, plastic does not decompose, and quality wood is used to make disposable glasses. But this trend has not yet reached Russia and is unlikely to reach it in the near future. Disposable coffee cups and plastic containers seem to have become an integral part of urban life.

For this reason, production plastic dishes and paper cups - an idea for a profitable business. Disposable tableware is as popular as a handkerchief or wet wipes... It is hygienic, easy to use and does not require washing or other maintenance.

At the same time, the competition in the field is quite high. A novice manufacturer will have to not only establish a technological process, but also think about a marketing campaign. From the very beginning, it is important to determine the competitive advantages: an unusual shape, beautiful colors, printing of corporate logos on glasses (very much in demand among coffee houses).

Disposable tableware is as much in demand as handkerchiefs or wet wipes.

Features of the production of plastic and paper dishes

Sets of plastic plates and forks can be found in every supermarket. They are made from polystyrene or polypropylene. The first material is more brittle, but resistant to moisture, temperature and is well processed by mechanical methods. Polypropylene is more durable and cheaper than polystyrene.

The same equipment is used in the production of tableware from these materials. The technological process is similar: raw materials melting, sheet preparation, stamping and packaging. We will consider manufacturing technologies in more detail in a special section.

For the manufacture of paper dishes, laminated cardboard with a density of 120-280 grams per 1 m2 is most often used. This material is not affected by moisture due to lamination and also allows printing on finished products corporate logos in good quality. Cardboard is less harmful to environment: Even laminated material will decompose within 3 years. On average, about 1 ton of raw materials is consumed for the production of 100 thousand units of goods.

It is important to consider that disposable plastic dishes are subject to mandatory certification. Plastic products must contain a mark on the class of material from which they are made. So, the most dangerous and suitable only for single use without heating, polyethylene terephthalate is suitable for storage. vegetable oils and ketchup, and polystyrene is suitable for storage and heat treatment of any food.

The paper coffee cup has become an integral part of urban life

How to organize production

The choice of equipment is key to organizing the production of plastic cups and other disposable tableware. Modern production facilities are almost completely automated and do not require much human intervention. It is worth starting the organization of your business with drawing up a business plan, calculating costs and, of course, studying production technology.

The advantage of the business is the almost complete automation of production processes in conjunction with a stable and high demand. Among the minuses, high competition is leading (in the production of plastic dishes it is much higher than in the production of paper cups).

Technology

What are disposable plastic and cardboard cups? Plastic production includes the following steps:

1. Heating up raw materials, melting and mixing in the extruder.
2. The finished raw material is pressed to the state of a plastic sheet.
3. The plastic sheet is placed in a thermoforming unit, where products (plates, glasses, cutlery) are formed from it.
4. Products are cut from the canvas and packaged.
5. The rest of the plastic is returned to melting.

Thus, a fairly simple, almost completely automated and waste-free production is obtained. Paper cups made of cardboard are produced in a slightly different way:

1. A logo or drawing is printed on laminated cardboard sheets.
2. The resulting sheets are cut to the size of future glasses.
3. The workpieces are wrapped around a round blank, fasten the seam, form the edges, insert the bottom.
4. The finished glasses are packed.

Thus, making cardboard dishes is much easier in terms of technological process, but more expensive - requires more expensive raw materials. Plastic lids are required for coffee paper cups, so it will be promising to organize the production of tableware from both types of raw materials at the enterprise.

Utensils made of colored plastic are in great demandthan white

Selection of premises

Equipment for disposable tableware takes up a lot of space. To organize comfortable working conditions for employees, a workshop with an area of \u200b\u200bat least 300 square metersconnected to all communications. It is divided into the following zones:

• working area with equipment;
• warehouse for storing raw materials;
• warehouse for finished products;
• changing rooms and a lounge for employees;
• room for management personnel.

It is convenient to locate the production in a remote part of the city, but it is important to take into account the availability of convenient access roads. If the entrepreneur plans to produce only one type of tableware (only plastic or only paper), you can get by with a smaller area. It is important that the workshop is well lit and equipped with a ventilation system. This will make working conditions more comfortable.

Equipment selection

To organize the production cycle for the manufacture of plastic dishes, you will need the following equipment:

1. Extruder. This apparatus melts plastic and forms a sheet from it, from which disposable dishes will be molded and cut in the future.
2. Thermoforming apparatus. It heats up the plastic sheet and makes recesses in it according to the shape of future products. The process takes only a few seconds.
3. Compressor. Squeezes out products from the fabric after the thermoforming machine.
4. Packing machine. Packs ready-made dishes in batches. Sometimes this stage is done by hand, but it is much less efficient.
5. Crusher for plastic. Processes the remains of the plastic sheet: melts them and forms a new sheet for products.

The cost of equipment for the production of plastic dishes is approaching 1 million rubles

For the production of laminated cardboard cups, you will need other equipment:

1. Flexo printing machine. Prints drawings and logos on cardboard sheets.
2. Glass forming apparatus. Cuts cardboard into blanks different sizes for the future product.
3. Twisting machine. Wraps the workpiece around a round roller, stitches and inserts the bottom.
4. Special apparatus for the production of plastic lids.

The purchase of equipment for the production of plastic dishes will require from 600 thousand to 1 million rubles. If you add machines for paper cups to this, you get an additional 500-800 thousand rubles. The prices for devices depend on the manufacturer and capacity. You can save a little by finding used machines. But in general, it will not be possible to find the cost cheaper and significantly cut spending.

Purchase of raw materials

Plastic dishes are made from polypropylene or polystyrene granules. Buying granules and melting them yourself is much more profitable than buying ready-made film. With this option, the production is waste-free (the remains of the plastic cloth can be melted and reused). One ton of granules costs 18-20 thousand rubles, and a ton of finished film costs about 45 thousand. The difference and benefits are clear. You can buy regular white granules or colored ones (colored dishes sell better).

Raw materials are offered russian companies Plast-plus, RosEkoPlast, TIS, EuroPlast.

For the manufacture of paper cups, laminated cardboard is used, which is purchased in large rolls. An average roll weighing 1 ton is enough for 100 thousand cups. The cost of laminated cardboard is about 30-40 thousand rubles per ton.

Required staff

Modern production of disposable tableware is highly automated. Therefore, there is no need to look for workers with any special education. Anyone can master the work of machine tools within a few days. Among personal qualities, one can single out the ability to work, attentiveness and quickness.

The staff of the enterprise must include at least 8 workers, between whom areas of responsibility and equipment are distributed. Modern technology is quite safe, but in any case, safety briefings and short training are required.

Sales of products

Disposable tableware manufacturers have several channel options. The simplest of them is cooperation with shops and supermarkets. Through them, you can constantly sell large quantities of goods. The most popular are sets of plates and forks, as well as glasses. A promising variety can be called the production of disposable glasses - they are popular in corporate events and buffets.

Paper cups are made from thick laminated cardboard

Customers of paper cups - these are cafes and coffee shops selling take-away coffee. They can purchase both finished products and order glasses with their own logos. When looking for first customers, it would be wise to contact commercial offer to institutions in your city.

Your own website can be very good tool increasing sales and finding customers. It will be useful to configure contextual advertising: then ads for the production of dishes will be seen by users looking for similar products.

Calculation of the profitability of the enterprise

The purchase of equipment will require an average of 1.5 million rubles. To this amount, you need to add the rental of premises, payment of utilities and the purchase of raw materials - approximately another 300-500 thousand rubles. Suppose that an entrepreneur spent 2 million rubles to open a production.

For an 8-hour shift, modern equipment can produce about 18 thousand items. They will be sold at an average price of 1 to 3 rubles at a cost of 10 kopecks to 1.5 rubles (for paper cups, the amount can be higher, especially if they are made with a corporate seal). For a shift, the enterprise produces products worth up to 54 thousand rubles, per month - up to 1.6 million rubles.

With such production volumes and well-organized sales, it is possible to recoup investments and expand production in just 3-4 months. However, most likely the volume of profitability will be lower: in most cities there are already enterprises of disposable tableware, whose products fully cover the local market.

Conclusion

The production of disposable tableware is an idea for a profitable and demanded business. Having spent no more than 2 million rubles on the purchase of equipment, an entrepreneur has every chance to recoup them in 3-4 months. Technics for making tableware from plastic and paper cups are sold separately or in ready-made lines. Both options are profitable, but first of all, when buying, you need to pay attention to the characteristics of the machines, the reputation of the manufacturer and its guarantees.

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Russian factories of disposable tableware

- catalog for 2020. The goods were provided by 50 enterprises. Disposable tableware factories:

• "Plastic DV".
• "Atlas".
• "Artplast".
• Bulgari Green, etc.

Manufacturers have mastered the production of plastic and paper products. Plastic products occupied 80% of the market, paper 20%. The companies offered an assortment: cups, containers, plates. The production also produces glasses for drinks vending machines. The production equipment has been modernized. Companies have mastered online sales.

Manufacturing organizations have launched the production of recycled plastic products. Disposable appliances are widely used by food manufacturers and food companies. The business has introduced new packaging methods, used safe raw materials and materials. Prices for Russian products are up to 70% more profitable than imported ones.

Transport organizations will help with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, to the federal regions and abroad. The companies entered addresses and phone numbers into the "Contacts" tab on the exhibition website. Russian manufacturer looking for suppliers, wholesalers. An employee of the company will inform you how to buy goods in bulk, download a price list, conclude a dealer agreement. The list is being updated.

The choice of equipment for the production of disposable tableware should be approached responsibly, because demand and profit will depend on the quality of products.

Raw materials for disposable tableware

The material used in the manufacture of containers

Disposable tableware was originally made from paper. Now laminated cardboard with a density of 130-280 g / m2 is chosen for its production. Lamination is performed with a layer of 10–20 microns. Such containers are suitable for advertising or creating branded tableware. For example, in a coffee shop chain, it is important to use cups with the name of the establishment and its slogan.

Until recently, Finnish paper was the favorite. Now the domestic production of high-quality cardboard is gaining momentum.

In the production of plastic tableware, raw materials are used different types polymers, depending on the required characteristics of finished products and production capacity. For a full cycle, granular polystyrene is used, which externally resembles foam spheres. For a shorter production cycle, polystyrene or polypropylene films are used.

Is an amorphous polymer thermoplastic mass made from benzene and ethylene by polymerization. The material has a fairly high gas permeability, which is why it is often used in the production of cups for fermented milk products. The disadvantage of polystyrene is fragility.

- partially crystallized polymer with thermoplastic properties. It is made from propylene by combining molecules with each other into large molecules. This material is not as brittle and is cheaper to manufacture than polystyrene. The disadvantages of polypropylene are its complexity, requiring strict adherence to temperature, and the impossibility of storing the polymer at negative temperatures, which makes the raw material brittle.

The main advantages of disposable tableware

The undoubted advantages of disposable products are:

• Safety. Plastic products are made of flexible materials that cannot be injured or even broken.
• Hygiene. In catering establishments, the use of disposable tableware ensures the cleanliness of food containers.
• Saving. There is no need to waste time and finances (detergents, water and its heating) on \u200b\u200bwashing dishes.
• Convenience. Indispensable in establishments selling takeaway food and drinks.

Necessary equipment and its functions

For a full cycle of production of disposable plastic tableware, several types of equipment are required:

• extruder - required to produce polystyrene sheets;
• thermoforming machine - creates the required shape;
• compressor;
• crusher - an apparatus for grinding recyclable materials or production waste;
• packing table;
• granulator.

Extruder Is a machine that melts polystyrene or polypropylene pellets. The melted mass is stirred with a screw to a homogeneous consistency. The semi-liquid material is passed through the rollers and exits through the slot-like opening in already finished sheets. In quality models, the following points are important:

• wear-resistant steel is used for the screw;
• large ratio of the length and diameter of the screw;
• precision balancing of shafts and auger;
• uniform thickness of the resulting film.

Thermoforming Machine heats the plastic sheet and makes indentations of the required shape in it. For the production of forks and spoons, a different principle is used - molten polystyrene or polypropylene is poured into the prepared form. The finished products are quickly cooled, literally in a few seconds, and are sent to the packaging line.

Crusher or crusher intended for shredding of plastic film residues after stamping. The shredded plastic is sent to a granulator, in which it turns into plastic balls again.

On the packing table at low production capacities, dishes are sometimes packed by hand. But it is more efficient to use a special machine for counting finished products and its subsequent packaging.

If there is financial opportunity, the owner can purchase not separate devices, but a ready-made automated line.

Equipment for the production of dishes in an incomplete cycle includes only thermoforming machines and a packaging line.

Paper Cup Makers

Making paper products for food requires different equipment.

The most important apparatus is the molding machine. The main difference between the models is the method of joining the glass seam - thermal or ultrasonic. For small production, a thermoforming machine is suitable, which performs a seam by heating with electricity. Such equipment is relatively inexpensive and easy to operate. The power consumption of the machine is at the level of 5-7 kW, with a production capacity of about 40 pieces per minute.

Modern models of paper cup forming machines have a variety of additional functions that improve the quality of the finished product and the productivity of the line:

• swiss Leister system of connecting the bottom with the sides;
• pneumatic stacker of cups into tubes;
• PLC control system;
• a defect detection system that sorts out damaged products.

It is important to provide for the manufacture of covers. A separate apparatus is required for their production.

The highest quality is Japanese technology. Used equipment can cost almost 2 times cheaper. But it is necessary to correlate the risks of failure of machines, and the cost of their maintenance.

The nuances of choosing equipment

Having decided to invest finances in the creation of the production of disposable cutlery, several points must be taken into account.

All disposable tableware must be certified

Planned production capacity of the enterprise. Based on it, the choice of premises, equipment, personnel selection, estimated costs of materials and resources, including utilities, the projected profit.

Workshop size... It is imperative to control these parameters so that the selected equipment fits into the room. It is also important to remember about the auxiliary premises (staff bathroom).

Technical characteristics of the selected machines. They must match the performance of the shop. An important point is energy consumption and ease of maintenance and repair of devices.

The conditions and price of equipment delivery are also important.

Features of the production of plastic and paper dishes

The production of disposable tableware is a multi-stage process. But its features will differ from the type of raw materials used.

The production of plastic dishes in a full cycle takes place in stages:

1. The selected polystyrene foam balls are sent to the extruder, in which, when heated, they become a liquid with the consistency of sour cream. The auger mixes the raw material into a homogeneous mass.
2. This mass passes through the rolls into a narrow opening. The distance between the rolls of the extruder can be adjusted to the thickness of the plastic sheet. Some models have the ability to produce multilayer film.
3. From the film, with the help of thermoforming equipment, dishes of the required shape are made.
4. The finished products are sent to the packaging line.
5. Waste sheets, after cutting out cookware blanks from them, are sent to the crusher. From the crushed plastic in the granulator, balls are produced, which are returned to the production cycle.

All devices are fairly simple. More modern modifications have complete automation of processes with the possibility of minimal operator intervention. Equipment for this is both foreign and domestic. The choice usually depends on the price and delivery terms.

Dishes made of paper

Making disposable tableware out of paper requires completely different equipment, which is still domestic factories do not produce.

A typical production scheme includes:

• supply of cardboard sheets for cup walls;
• rolling paper into cylinders;
• formation of sides;
• cutting and attaching the bottoms.

There are multifunctional machines for making different types of disposable tableware. But you still need some addition: printers to create exclusive tableware, moldings that are a matrix for paper products. Blanks for the formation of the sides are required in different sizes.

The image and inscriptions are applied to the paper at the initial stage before the formation of the blanks.

The seams of the paper cups are processed ultrasonically or thermally. The ultrasonic soldering is stronger and can be done continuously with high productivity. A seam made by a thermal method is less costly.

Disposable tableware production: market analysis + how to register an enterprise + technological features of disposable tableware production + polystyrene tableware raw materials + where to rent a room + personnel search + what profit the production of disposable tableware will bring.

In the 20th century, they could not even imagine that there would be an alternative to heavy ceramic and clay cups and plates. The production of disposable tableware was a breakthrough and a worldwide discovery.

Plates and glasses made of plastic or paper are lightweight, they can be taken with you on the road, used on trips to nature. The price of such a product is low, so disposable dishes are thrown away without a single regret after a feast.

There is a demand for the product all year round, especially in the summer, when people go out for picnics, because it can become great business an undertaking for Russian entrepreneurs.

We analyze the sales market

In the twentieth century, plastic dishes were imported only from abroad, so the price for such a product was overstated, there was little demand. In the XXI century, a ban was imposed on the import of polystyrene products to Russia. This was used by many businessmen who began to open their own production of disposable tableware.

Every year, the demand from the population only increased, and this trend - growing popularity - continues to persist.

We can conclude that a novice entrepreneur has every chance to occupy his niche in the production of disposable tableware.

Who is the wholesaler of disposable tableware:

1. Catering points.
2. Street stalls selling fast food, hot drinks.
3. Outdoor cafes and bars.
4. Catering organizations (food delivery and organization of meals).
5. Points for the sale of drinks from vending machines.

Disposable tableware is also bought by supermarkets, which then sell glasses, plates, appliances at retail.

Today people have learned to use polystyrene utensils not only for their intended purpose, but also to create unique products with their own hands. This allows you to reduce the harmful effect on the environment, because the products get a second life.

As you can see, opening your own production of plastic dishes is a profitable undertaking, especially if no one else is doing this in your region. You will be able to cover the entire region and even neighboring areas by offering them favorable prices for the goods.

How to register a disposable tableware business?

What to choose - LLC or individual entrepreneur? Much depends on how much of the product you plan to enter the market with.

If the enterprise aims to fill the market of one city, then it is enough. It is easy to do this by collecting a minimum package of documents.

Documents for IP registration:

1. Application form No. Р21001 (you can download an example from the link - https://www.nalog.ru/cdn/form/4162994.zip)
2. At the reception tax inspector you need to have your passport and TIN code with you.
3. Pay the state duty (800 rubles) You can do it online through a special service: https://service.nalog.ru/gp2.do
4. Submit an application for payment of taxes under the simplified tax system or any other form of taxation at your discretion.

Do not forget to indicate the activity code 25.24.2 "Production of plastic tableware and kitchen utensils, toiletries" in your application.

You do not need to issue a license to organize production. Nevertheless, you are waiting for inspections from the Fire Inspectorate, SES, Rospotrebnadzor, from which you must obtain a certificate of product quality and compliance with GOSTs. It is prohibited to start production without permission from supervisory authorities.

The production must have such documents that confirm the quality of the products:

Settlements with clients are carried out, in our time, most often by bank transfer, so it is worth opening a bank account and ordering a seal in your name.

Disposable tableware production technology

Thanks to modern equipment, itself manufacturing process comes down to minimal human effort. Most of the work is done by conveyors and presses.

Let's describe the production technology of disposable tableware in stages:

1. Raw materials are brought to production in granules of polystyrene or other substance intended for the production of plastic disposable tableware. It enters a flat-slot extruder, where the process of mixing polystyrene granules with water under the influence of heat takes place to obtain a special melt.
2. The finished mixture is squeezed out through a flat slot. The shafts are made of the mass into sheets several millimeters thick.
3. The sheet should go to the forming vacuum machine. It is at this stage that the material takes the form of dishes - a glass, a plate, a fork, a spoon.
4. Further, special equipment counts the amount of dishes, and then packs it.

Each equipment and the material itself for the dishes has its own specific requirements for temperature during production, shaft power, etc. Such details must be taken into account by the technologist in order to receive as few defective products as possible.

We will also describe in addition the technology for the production of tableware from paper.

Let's make a reservation right away that disposable paper cups or plates are environmentally friendly, moreover, not so harmful to human health. Unfortunately, they are much more expensive to manufacture than plastic tableware.

This is due to the high cost of the final product, and, as a rule, our people are accustomed to choosing cheaper products. This is why disposable glasses and plates are not as popular as.

Technology for the production of disposable tableware from paper:

1. A pattern is applied on special laminated paper (material density 120-128 g / m2), and then divided into small sheets. Their size should approximately correspond to the circumference and height of the future dishes.
2. The finished sheet is wrapped around a given shape, and the seam is welded with a special machine.
3. The semi-finished item is removed from the mold. If this is a glass, a bottom is inserted into it and sealed in the same way.

Although the technology for the production of paper dishes is much simpler than that of plastic items, the material is expensive. As a rule, paper is imported from abroad, although recently domestic producers have also been trying to provide raw materials for the production of paper disposable tableware.

Purchase of raw materials for the manufacture of disposable tableware

Granular polystyrene is the basis for the production of plastic dishes. Outwardly, it looks like small white balls. This material is used in the full cycle of cookware production, including the stage of melting the granules.

The price of granulated polystyrene is 50,000 rubles per ton on average.

There is also a ready-made film made of polystyrene or polypropylene. All that is needed to make tableware from it is to shape the final product.

The price of half finished raw materials, of course, will be higher than for simple polystyrene granules. But, using the film, you can save on the purchase of equipment by purchasing only a dish mold and a packing machine.

The price of polystyrene film is about 120,000 rubles per ton.

Necessary equipment for the production of disposable tableware

The production of disposable tableware is divided into two cycles - full (when buying polystyrene granules) and incomplete (when buying a ready-made film for forming dishes).

We invite you to consider how much the equipment for the production of disposable tableware costs in a full cycle.

The line for the production of disposable tableware consists of the following equipment:

1. Mixer for mixing granules.
2. Extruder for sheets.
3. Forming machine.
4. Forming press.
5. Dish stacker.
6. Tableware counting machine.
7. Chiller.
8. Compressor.
9. Crusher for processing sheet or scrap, i.e. for a waste-free production process.

The price of such a kit varies within 6-8 million rubles... You can buy it in Russia or order from foreign partners. To save money, you can buy a used line, but in this case you will not have a guarantee for equipment maintenance.

If you want to produce glasses and plates using an incomplete cycle, you only need a forming line and a dish wrapping machine. In this case, the purchase of equipment will cost 1-2 million rubles.

At the same time, in 1 hour of operation, the machine will be able to produce up to 150,000 glasses, but, unfortunately, the strength of such dishes will be far from the highest level... But for 1 hour of work, the complete equipment can produce 30 thousand glasses and approximately the same number of plates, spoons, forks.

Do not forget to give comfort to production - buy furniture for staff, equip an office for a technologist and an accountant. All working personnel must be in uniform, have respirators, glasses so that harmful substances do not spoil their health.

This item of expenses will amount to approximately 150,000 rubles, but it is not worth saving on the comfort of subordinates.

Finding a suitable workshop

It is best to locate a workshop for the production of plastic dishes outside the city. First, because the rent or purchase price of a building there will be much lower than in the urban area. Secondly, the production of plastic dishes is a hazardous production, residents of nearby houses can file a complaint and complicate your work, or even prevent you from opening a shop.

The working area should be approximately 100-150 m2. When choosing a room, a lot depends on the volume of products, so take this fact into account before starting your search for the desired workshop.

The production area should consist of the following rooms:

• Workshop with equipment.
• Finished goods warehouse.
• Warehouse for raw materials.
• Staff room.
• Restroom.
• Cabinet for admin staff.

Equipment in production uses a lot of electricity, so make sure electrical network was three-phase
and not less than 380 V.

In addition, the workshop must meet the following standards:

1. The floor is concrete or tiled.
2. 1.5 meters of walls from floor level must be tiled or covered with another material that is considered fireproof.
3. Due to massive equipment, ceilings must be at least 4.5 meters high.
4. Be sure to install powerful ventilation, supply water and establish a gas supply to heat the room.

For rent, you will have to pay about 80,000 rubles a month. The price is average statistical, much during its formation depends on repair, region, remoteness from the city, availability of communications, etc.

Also, you will pay about 50,000 rubles for utility bills - electricity, gas, water, garbage disposal.

Personnel for the production of disposable tableware

During the first months of the company's activity, the director of production can take responsibility for product sales and bookkeeping. So you save on wages for two positions at once. If the founder will not cope with all the responsibilities, then it is worth hiring an assistant or a specialist in the field.

As for the line workers, they will have to be taught independently, because there is no such specialty. Equipment suppliers can provide training for you. Therefore, it is best to hire people in advance so that by the time the line is installed, they are already on the staff and everyone can listen to how to use the equipment.

You cannot do without a technologist in production. He must control the entire production process, carry out the purchase of raw materials, monitor the supply of materials to the compress, etc. In addition, hire those who will deal with accounting for the warehouse of goods and raw materials.

№.	Staff member	Number of staff	Salary (rubles / month)
TOTAL:			173,000 rubles / month
1.	Technologist	1	25 000
2.	Accountant	1	15 000
3.	Meter	2	24 000
4.	Line operator	6	60 000
5.	Loader	1	9 000
6.	Driver	1	9 000
7.	Cleaning lady	1	6 000
8.	Equipment adjuster	1	25 000

Depending on the scale of production, the number of personnel may vary.

Disposable tableware production.

What equipment is used? Technology
production process.

Calculating the profitability of disposable tableware production

We invite you to devote your attention to the full cycle of the production of utensils from granular polystyrene. From a financial point of view, it will not be easy to create such a business, because you will have to make a lot of capital investments. But the profitability of this business will be much higher.

Capital investment		Monthly expenses
TOTAL: 7,460,000 rubles		TOTAL: 8 229 080 rubles
Equipment purchase	7 000 000	Rent of premises	80 000
Workshop arrangement	150 000	Staff salaries	173 000
IP opening and preparation of documentation	From 10 000	Purchase of raw materials (granular polystyrene)	5 000 000
Buying a gazelle for transporting goods	300 000	Utilities	50 000
		Payment of taxes	2 926 080

And now let's calculate how much production can produce in 1 month of work (24 shifts) with an 8-hour work schedule:

Calculation of the cost of disposable tableware:

1. To produce 1 million pieces. utensils (glasses, spoons, plates, forks are taken into account) made of polystyrene, you will need about 4 tons of granular material. As a rule, half of the raw materials that have been neglected are defective products, which ultimately need to be recycled again, so 8 tons of polystyrene should be purchased for 1 million products.
2. To ensure the operation of production for 1 month, it is necessary to purchase about 200 tons of polystyrene. The purchase of raw materials will take about 10 million rubles.
3. The price of a glass (200 ml) and a flat plate is about 1.2 rubles. The price of a spoon and a fork is about 50 kopecks.
4. With the full sale of the goods, the production proceeds will amount to 19,507,200 rubles.
5. The net profit will amount to 1.2 million rubles.
6. To cover all the costs of purchasing equipment, you need to work 9-12 months. Only then can we talk about making a net profit.

All calculations are approximate, because the factor that the products will not be completely sold out on the market was not taken into account. Nevertheless, if you properly organize the production of disposable tableware, then success will come, and with it prosperity.

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Probably every person in our country met with disposable tableware. And it doesn't matter at all what it was made of: paper or plastic. Before you know what equipment to buy for the production of disposable tableware, let's figure out why it is worth doing.

The advantages of the presented products

So, among the advantages are the following:

• ease of use;
• very low cost;
• environmental Safety;
• convenience;
• high demand.

Naturally, the equipment for the production of disposable tableware cannot be called simple, since it is capable of performing dozens of different operations. However, the amount of possible income fully covers any disadvantages.

What are the dishes made of?

Naturally, in order to stamp products, you must first purchase raw materials. For production, both paper and polyethylene can be used. Moreover, in the second case, manufacturing is cheaper. However, paper dishes are safer.

Raw materials should be purchased from several trusted suppliers. In addition, recyclable materials are excellent for such production, the cost of which is very low. If you decide to choose polyethylene, then keep in mind that making dishes from it is quite difficult. However, the products are more durable and can be used in a microwave oven.

What hardware do you need to work?

In order to organize your own workshop, you need to know what equipment for the production of disposable tableware should be purchased. So, you will need:

• injection molding machine (designed to work with polypropylene and polystyrene);
• thermoforming apparatus;
• extruder - thanks to it, flat sheets can be obtained from polyethylene granules;
• packing table;
• crusher - used for crushing recyclable materials;
• chiller - this machine for the production of disposable tableware provides cooling of workpieces;
• compressor.

Basically, this equipment is enough to start a business. Then you can expand and buy more powerful and functional machines.

How to choose the right equipment?

This question is not too difficult. First you need to decide on the parameters of the machines, and then look for a suitable model. For example, for a start, low-power equipment with an average performance is more complete.

However, even it is not so cheap. Therefore, to begin with, it is quite possible to use used machines. Naturally, they should be in good condition and not break every week. But then how lucky.

If you decide to purchase a new line, then keep in mind that ordering a machine for the production of disposable tableware should only be from a trusted manufacturer that has a positive reputation.

When choosing, try to carefully consider all the devices. The seller must provide you with all required accompanying certificates.

Features of the production of plastic dishes

It is cheaper both in production and on the market. The process of making such a material is quite complicated. It consists of the following stages:

1. To begin with, the sorted raw material in the form of granules is thrown into the extruder, where, under the influence of high temperature, it turns into a homogeneous semi-liquid mass. Mixing inside the hopper is done using a screw.

2. The resulting mass is squeezed out through a thin slot. The result is a long and wide sheet, the thickness of which varies within a few millimeters. It all depends on how the shafts are set up, and they must work accurately and correctly. If you have a functional extruder, then you can get a multilayer film with it. In any case, its thickness should be the same throughout the entire length.

As you can see, the manufacturing process is quite complicated. The machines must be operated by experienced operators who can operate automatic system using the remote control. Naturally, strict safety rules must be observed during operation.

Features of the manufacture of dishes from laminated cardboard

First of all, it should be noted that equipment for the production of disposable paper tableware is produced only abroad. The fact is that in our country such a business is not very popular due to the rather high cost of primary raw materials. However, if you do decide to do this, then look for German, American, Korean or Chinese devices.