Movable control post of the Ministry of Emergency Situations position. Development of a backup communication channel scheme for organizing IP-telephony. See what "Control Center movable" is in other dictionaries

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to rescue vehicles used in rescue operations as a mobile control center. The movable control post is based on truck, supporting a box body, including a metal frame and having compartments. The metal frame of the box body serves as the basis for five-layer sandwich panels with a thickness of 65-75 mm with a double-sided plastic coating and polystyrene foam filler. The inner space of the body-van is divided into three compartments of equal volume, sequentially located in the direction of travel: operational, manager's compartment and auxiliary. General entrance door installed on the operating compartment. Partitions between compartments are equipped with sliding doors. The invention allows to ensure the efficiency of work in the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations 1 wp f-crystals, 4 dwg., 1 tab.

Drawings for RF patent 2313463

The proposed invention relates to emergency rescue vehicles (ASM) used in emergency rescue operations (ASR), to vehicles delivery of equipment and personnel to the emergency response area (ES), and can be used for the operational work of the emergency commission in the field in the event of accidents and disasters, to ensure the performance of rescue and other urgent work, measures to provide medical care victims, communication and notification in the course of liquidation of the consequences of emergencies, increasing efforts to eliminate emergencies (in the second echelon of forces and means), as well as for the work of the commission in difficult natural and climatic conditions.

Known machines for the transportation of equipment and equipment to the emergency area with additional fixation elements and attachment elements of the transported equipment and devices (patents 2006392 C1, B60R 7/00, 1994; A.S. 625955, B60R 7/12, 1978 and etc.). However, the bodies of these machines and the nature of the distribution of equipment inside the body do not ensure their use as a mobile control center.

Known buses, equipment as a mobile control center for emergency response. However, they also do not meet the requirements for such objects.

The closest prototype of the proposed invention "Movable control path" is a utility model "Emergency rescue vehicle" according to the RF patent dated 4.12.2003, No. 36316, 003 B60R 27/00, which has a metal van body, divided into cargo and manned compartments. According to this patent, the AFM serves for the transportation of emergency rescue equipment (ACC) and personnel to the emergency zone, but cannot be used as a mobile control point (PPU) due to the insufficient dimensions of the compartments, the suboptimal ratio of their volumes, due to the lack of reliable thermal insulation of the van and for a number of other reasons.

The purpose of the proposed invention "Mobile control point" is to ensure the effective work of the emergency commission, complicated by various factors (off-road, remoteness from locations, weather and climatic conditions etc.).

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the metal body frame serves as the basis for five-layer sandwich panels with a thickness of 65-75 mm with a double-sided plastic coating and polystyrene foam filler, and the interior of the van is divided into three compartments of equal volume, sequentially located in the direction of travel (operational , manager's compartment and auxiliary), while the common entrance door is installed on the operational compartment, the partitions between the compartments are equipped with sliding doors, and also due to the fact that the compartments are equipped and equipped in accordance with their purpose for the operational work of the commission for emergency situations with communication devices, food, rest, warning, lighting, organization of emergency rescue operations.

Figure 1 shows the layout of the mobile control station, figure 2 shows a general view of the PPU from the starboard side, figure 3 is a top view, figure 4 is a rear view.

PPU mounting base - chassis 1 KAMA3-43118 with a cabin 2 with one berth.

A specialized box body (hereinafter referred to as a box) is equipped with necessary equipment for the operational work of the emergency commission: communications, organization of emergency rescue operations, food and rest. Van 3 is divided into three compartments: operational - 4, manager's compartment - 5 and auxiliary compartment - 6. The equipment is located inside and on the outside of the van, in metal boxes under the van, as well as inside the driver's cab.

The base of the van consists of a ladder-type metal frame and a supporting floor. The floor of the van is a sandwich panel made of glued together plywood covers, a plywood frame and insulation made of extruded polystyrene foam. The outer surface of the floor is laminated. The inside of the van floor is covered with linoleum.

The van is made of five-layer sandwich panels with a total thickness of 65-75 mm with double-sided plastic coating and polystyrene foam filler. The color of the van and cockpit is white.

Such a design of the van provides its reliable thermal insulation. Due to the elastic filler, a "soft" cushion is created, which perceives and neutralizes thermal deformations, which in turn excludes warping of the body walls.

It has been experimentally established that five layers of sandwich panels are necessary and sufficient to achieve the specified characteristics of the van, while the wall thickness of the van should be 65 ÷ 75 mm. As a result, favorable conditions are created for the work of the Emergency Situations Commission at an ambient temperature of -40 ° to + 40 ° C and a relative humidity of up to 96% at a temperature of + 25 ° C.

Operational compartment 4 is intended for shift work of the operational group and rest of two people, placement of communication and warning devices, office equipment and other equipment.

The entrance to the compartment and the van is through door 7 on the right wall of the van. Window 8 is installed in the door. The front door is equipped with an open door alarm sensor. The door is locked with a key and locked in open position... Under the door is a folding ladder 9 to enter the compartment. There is a handrail to the left of the entrance.

Along the left wall is a soft two-tier lounger (sofa) 10. The upper lounger 11 folds down and is the back for the lower lounger. The dimensions of the loungers are 1980 × 600 mm. There is a storage box under the sofa. A curtain is attached to the ceiling to isolate the resting shift from the compartment.

An autonomous diesel heater 12 is installed under the sofa. Air supply from the heater to the compartments is through an air duct located along the left wall of the van. The heater control panel is located on the side wall of the glove box.

In the partition between the compartments, sliding doors 13 (845 × 735 mm) are installed, into which mirrors are inserted.

On the left wall of the van there is a window with an opening sash (it consists of plastic frames and a double-glazed unit made of "tempered" glasses). The sash opens along the vertical and horizontal axes.

To the left of the front door is a wardrobe 14 for clothes. The wardrobe has three sections. The upper section is for hats, the middle section is for outerwear, the lower section is for shoes.

On the front wall there are two racks 15 and 16 for placing communication equipment, documentation and office equipment with individual illumination.

There is a document safe in the right counter at the bottom. The safe is accessed through a door at the end of the rack. The door is locked with a key.

On the front wall, in the opening between the racks, there are monoblock antennas, a cab-van intercom, a 12V fan and a stand for decorating a documentation board.

In the middle of the compartment there is a working table of 17 operators, which on one side adjoins a large rack for placing communications equipment. The table cover consists of a fixed and an additional folding part. The size of the table is 900x500, and in the unfolded position it is 900x1000 mm. A swivel chair 18 of the operator is installed on the floor between the posts. On the counter to the right of the entrance there is an electrical cabinet and a clothes hanger; a fire extinguisher is fixed to the floor.

Head compartment 5 is intended for holding meetings of the Emergency Situations Commission and rest of 1 person, for placing special household equipment and documentation.

The compartment is located in the middle of the van and is separated from other compartments by partitions with sliding doors, mortise locks and double-sided handles.

On the left and right walls there are windows with an opening sash (it consists of plastic frames and a double-glazed unit made of "tempered" glass). Window sashes open along the vertical and horizontal axis of the hinges.

On the port side, along the partitions, there are 19 soft seats with a backrest and headrests deployed towards each other, and under them are equipped lockers for equipment.

Between the seats is a 20 table with a metal document safe. The table cover consists of a fixed and additional folding parts 21. Table size 1000 × 700, and in the unfolded position 1600 × 700 mm. The safe is accessed through a door on the right side of the table. The door is locked with a key.

Along the right wall there is a soft sofa with a 22 backrest. The size of the sofa seat is 1915 × 650 mm. In the locker under the sofa there is a water tank 23, made of stainless steel, with a capacity of 210 liters, with shut-off valves.

A mezzanine with four compartments for documents, dishes and bed linen is provided above the sofa above the window. In the corner, on a special stand, a stationary TV 24 is installed. The plug of the TV antenna installed on the roof of the van is also brought out there.

On the partitions above the head restraints, stands are installed for the registration of documentation boards.

An air conditioner is mounted on the ceiling of the compartment, and a fan on the left wall.

Auxiliary compartment 6 is designed to accommodate special equipment, as well as kitchen, technical and plumbing modules.

In the right wall there is a window 25 (it is an emergency exit) with an opening sash (it consists of plastic frames and a double-glazed window made of "tempered" glass). The sash opens along the vertical and horizontal axes.

A ventilation hatch 26 is mounted on the ceiling of the compartment (it is also an emergency exit).

A wardrobe 27 for clothes and a kitchen module are installed along the right wall, which is a combined table, and above it there is a wall cabinet for dishes and products.

The dimensions of the kitchen table are 1550 × 620 mm, it consists of three compartments - on the left is a sink, under it there is a canister for drinking water 20 liters and a bin for rubbish, in the center - a refrigerator, on the right - a cabinet with two drawers for dishes and a lower compartment, in which two thermos (3 liters) are fixed.

A microwave oven 28 is fixed on the kitchen table. A hood is installed above the oven.

An instantaneous water heater is installed above the sink. The sink is equipped with a 24 V water supply pump. There is a pump switch on the door of the sink. Draining water from the sink through the floor to the ground.

A sanitary module and a wardrobe for linen, clothes and personal protective equipment are installed along the left wall.

The sanitary module is separated from the compartment by partitions. It contains: shower tray 29; mixer, dry closet 30, instantaneous water heater, washbasin, shelf for toiletries, toilet paper holder, mirror, hooks for clothes and towels, 12 V exhaust fan with remote control, 24 V water pump switch, 220 V.

At the back wall, a technical module adjoins the plumbing module, which is a metal cabinet with compartments for equipment and inventory. The wardrobe door is hinged and locked.

Hooks for workwear and kitchen towels are installed between the kitchen and technical modules on the back wall. A folding seat is attached to the wall of the technical module.

Doors of all cabinets, drawers, hinged; table tops of tables, as well as loungers for sleeping places in compartments in transport position fixed with latches. All windows are fitted with fabric sliding curtains.

Sealed metal boxes for equipment are installed at the rear of the vehicle under the van. The drawer doors have lugs for locking with a padlock. A diesel generator is installed in the box on the right. The box on the left contains two grounding rods with a cable, a power cable 40 m long, a fuel canister with a capacity of 20 liters, stands for rod poles, a reel with a telephone cable, a towing cable and part of the spare parts for the base car. There are two wheel chocks attached to the box.

A work platform with a non-slip surface and a 150 mm high fence is mounted on the roof of the van. In the front part there are two horn loudspeakers, KB radio station antennas, radio modem antenna; in the middle of the starboard side - a television antenna; in the rear there are two flashing beacons.

On the front wall of the van there is a ladder for climbing to the roof and fuel tank heater. The van is equipped with marker lights.

The PPU is equipped with a 6 meter long towing cable and a rigid tug. The tug is fixed on brackets to the boxes of the van, and the cable is stowed in the tool box.

The van is attached to the chassis frame with resilient mounts at the front and rigid mounts at the center and rear of the van.

To organize work to eliminate the consequences of emergencies and to alert the population, transmit special light and sound signals, voice commands and messages, the PPU is equipped with communication and warning devices.

The radio station "MOTOROLA GM160" is installed in the cab, it is possible to transfer the remote panel to the van. The ICOM-706 radio station is installed in a van, in a large equipment rack.

The van is equipped with a set of cordless telephones of the DECT GOODWIN LUND standard, a telephone with a PANASONIC handset, a telefax and portable radio stations P-080.

On the roof of the cab of the car there is a signal-loud-speaking unit SGU-120/3. The SGU control panel is located in the cab on the front panel.

The loudspeakers installed on the roof of the van are connected to a SYS-2240 type power amplifier with a tuner, radio, CD. Flashing lights FP-1 are installed on the roof of the van in the rear

The loudspeaker installation and flashing beacons are connected to the fuse box in the driver's cab. The beacon switch is located on the instrument panel in the driver's cab. The van is equipped with an EM-12 electric megaphone, which is fixed in the car cab.

The PPU layout solution is based on the principle of dividing the van into compartments on a functional basis and their sequential location from the front door. This takes into account the frequency of demand (attendance) of the compartments and the degree of importance of the tasks being solved.

So, in the operational compartment 4 all information is received, responsible command decisions and instructions are formed there, it is the most visited. Therefore, it is located first in the direction of travel and is equipped with a common entrance door.

The next compartment 5 is the compartment of the head of the emergency commission, it is intended for holding meetings, for rest, and can also be used to deliver personnel to the scene.

The third compartment 6 is auxiliary, it provides a solution to sanitary issues and catering. The compartment is characterized by a regularly repeated demand and plays an auxiliary role.

Thus, the accepted sequential arrangement of the compartments follows from their functional purpose, it is logical and justified.

The volumes of all three compartments should be approximately equal to each other, this achieves the following positive qualities and advantages:

1) the most rational use of the area, because a decrease in the area of \u200b\u200bany compartment leads to a sharp decrease in its capabilities;

for example, a reduction in area by 20-30% reduces the possibility of a compartment by 40-50%, it becomes generally impossible to place a sleeping place, tables, etc in it;

2) the most favorable moral and psychological perception of the situation;

3) when the sliding doors located between the compartments are open, the impression of a single large space, a single complex, is created, with the help of which very complex tasks can and are being solved to ensure effective management of emergency response operations.

An example of the execution of the PPU according to the proposed invention can be a variant of the control point, the main characteristics of which are shown in the table.

The considered version of the PPU was manufactured and tested, as a result of which it fully confirmed all the declared characteristics and advantages.

CLAIM

1. A mobile control center based on a truck carrying a box body made of a metal frame and having compartments, characterized in that the metal frame of the box body serves as the basis for five-layer sandwich panels 65-75 mm thick with double-sided plastic coating and expanded polystyrene foam filler, and the inner space of the body-van is divided into three compartments of equal volume, sequentially located in the direction of travel - operational, manager's compartment and auxiliary, while the common entrance door is installed on the operating compartment, partitions between the compartments are equipped with sliding doors.

2. A mobile control center according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartments are equipped and equipped in accordance with their purpose for the operational work of the commission for emergency situations with communication devices, power supply, rest, warning, lighting, organization of emergency rescue operations.

a specially prepared and equipped place for communication, located in which the control body performs its functions in the zone emergency; it is equipped on special machines, helicopters and airplanes, on trains. The typical composition of the PUP at the regional (territorial) level includes the following vehicles: emergency response; integrated intelligence; operational management; head; communication; special communication; provision of food; power supply; water supply; container ship. The composition of the PUP (PPU) EMERCOM of Russia: salon of the Minister; the saloon of the senior task force (OG); working room of the task force; conference hall; operational service module; residential block. For the operation of the PUP in the emergency zone, it is given: mobile means of maintenance of the OG life; mobile information and control center AIMS RSChS; mobile communication center. The main types of equipment PUP (PPU): a complex of communications; a set of automation tools; intelligence complex; complex of means of protection, protection and defense; complex of means of supporting systems. In the system of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, PPU-45-04, PPU-45-05 are used.

Mobile control post (PPU)

A communication center is being deployed at the PPU. A command-staff vehicle is used as a PPU (Fig. 2.5).

Figure: 2.5

The command and staff vehicle (KShM) "KShM - KM" is designed to ensure control over the state of the operational situation, command orders and stable radio exchange during public and other events.

KShM is made on the chassis of the Kamaz 43114-15 vehicle, which allows it to be used in the field, without being tied to the road network.

To provide electricity, the KShM is equipped with a diesel generator.

When organizing radio networks of VHF and HF bands with a large coverage area, it is provided for the placement of antennas of radio stations on 2 masts with a height of 12 meters. Also, on the antenna masts, it is provided for the placement of a video surveillance camera in a thermal casing, which allows you to monitor and record events in any weather conditions.

KShM equipment allows organizing a public telephone network using LG equipment and a field telephone network based on the P-193 switch using TA-57 telephones.

The KShM has a LAN with the ability to connect to external networks for a distance of up to 300 meters.

A multi-channel digital recorder, a facsimile machine and a multifunctional printing device are used to document communications over office radio and telephone networks.

Thanks to the equipping of the KShM with air conditioning, heating and ventilation systems, comfortable conditions have been created for the personnel of the KShM and stable operating modes of the equipment are provided.

KShM is equipped with a DVD-player, 2 widescreen TVs, as well as an audio system. There are 4 soft berths to accommodate the KShM personnel.

If necessary, it is possible to organize communication channels using transportable and portable satellite stations.

Data from rescue areas are transmitted to mobile station management. Then the operational headquarters of the PPU contacts the main control point.

Communication is carried out as follows:

The head of the PPU uses a multimedia computer to make an IP call, the signal goes through the local local area network to the router.

Router or router, (from the English router) - a network device, based on information about the network topology and certain rules, making decisions about forwarding network layer packets between different network segments.

Principle of operation

Typically, the router uses the destination address specified in the data packets and uses the routing table to determine the path along which the data should be sent. If there is no described route in the routing table for the address, the packet is dropped.

There are other ways to determine the forwarding route for packets, such as using the source address, the upper layer protocols used, and other information contained in the network layer packet headers. Often, routers can translate the sender and receiver addresses, filter the transit data stream based on certain rules in order to restrict access, encrypt / decrypt the transmitted data, etc.

Routing table

The routing table contains information on the basis of which the router makes decisions about further forwarding packets. The table consists of a number of entries - routes, each of which contains the address of the recipient's network, the address of the next node to which packets should be sent, and some entry weight - a metric. The metrics of the entries in the table play a role in calculating the shortest routes to different destinations. Depending on the router model and the routing protocols used, the table may contain some additional overhead information.

So, the router, in this case, is used to provide access from the local network to the global Internet, performing the functions of address translation and firewall.

A router is used to determine the path along which information packets arrive through the IP network to a workstation located in the main control room. Where the recipient sees an incoming call icon on his computer. With sufficient bandwidth existing communication channels of the IP network, it is also possible to make a video call, if two subscribers have web cameras.

Thus, the organization of IP-telephony during emergency response is carried out (Appendix 1).

Development of a backup communication channel scheme for organizing IP-telephony

So, we have determined the type of the structural diagram of the main communication channel. But to ensure greater reliability, it is necessary to provide for a backup communication channel, which will perform the communication functions in case of failure of the main one.

For backup system the method of communication "Telephone - telephone" will be used.

We use the TA-57 telephone set as the main means of communication.

The TA-57 field telephone is designed for telephone communication over field lines with attenuation up to 5.5 nps. (Nep - neper. Attenuation is usually measured in nepers per 1 km. Attenuation 1 nep - attenuation of a cable circuit, in which the current or voltage at the beginning is greater in absolute value than the current or voltage at the end, by 2.718 times (e \u003d 2.718) In RF cables, attenuation is usually expressed in decibels (dB) per meter. 1 nep \u003d 8.65 dB; 1 dB \u003d 0.115 np). It can be included in the telephone systems of the MB or Central Bank, as well as used for radio communications. The device provides for the possibility of amplifying the received conversational signals by 1.5 nps. The power source is a GB-10-U-1.3 battery with a voltage of 10 V. The consumed current is no more than 6-7 mA. The weight of the device with the battery is about 3 kg (2.7 - 2.8 kg).

The device provides reliable communication over the P-274 field cable line up to 44 km, over permanent overhead lines with a wire diameter of 3 mm - 150 - 250 km. The device has the ability to improve the quality of reception by 30 - 35% by using a reception amplifier.

Communication using the backup channel is carried out as follows: The head of the PPU or a signalman calls the provider serving the gateway and enters the code and number of the called subscriber (in this case, the main CP). All necessary call routing operations are performed by the gateway.

The devices organizing the interaction are gateways docked, on the one hand, with the public telephone network, and on the other, with the IP network. Main function gateway is the digitization of an analog voice signal. Voice communication in this mode has high quality, and it is convenient to use it. Thus, a backup communication channel is provided. A VHF radio network is being organized as a backup system at the work sites. The main radio station is located at the control room at the chief of staff.

Control center movable

specially prepared and equipped with means of communication places, located in which the control bodies carry out their functions in the emergency situation zone; are equipped on special machines, helicopters and airplanes, on trains. The typical composition of the PUP at the regional (territorial) level includes the following vehicles: emergency response; integrated intelligence; operational management; head; communication; special communication; provision of food; power supply; water supply; container ship. The composition of the PUP (MPU) EMERCOM of Russia: Salon of the Minister; the saloon of the senior task force (OG); working room of the task force; conference hall; operational service module; residential block. For the operation of the PUP in the emergency zone, it is given: mobile means of maintenance of the OG life; mobile information and control center AIMS RSChS; mobile communication center. The main types of equipment PUP (MPU): a set of communication facilities; a set of automation tools; intelligence complex; complex of means of protection, protection and defense; complex of means of supporting systems.

EdwART. EMERCOM Glossary, 2010

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