Biology presentation "Sponge Type", biology, grade 7. Biology presentations presentation for a biology lesson (grade 7) on the topic Round and flat worms

SYSTEMATICS - biological science about diversity, classification of organisms and the relationship between them.

Systematic scientists describe all existing and extinct species and combine them into groups (classify).

View - a unit of biological classification. Closely related species, which have many common features, are combined into genera, childbirth - in families, families - in detachments or orders etc.

The largest systematic group is kingdom.

The very first scientist who tried to systematize information about plants and animals was Aristotle b. Animals were classified by him according to their habitat: aquatic, land and airborne.

Disciple of Aristotle Theophrastus he devoted his whole life to the study of plants and described many of their species. For centuries, his works have served to identify plants.

The entire history of mankind is associated with the accumulation of knowledge about plants, animals and mushrooms. but for a long time there was no uniform approach to the names of species of living organisms. This made it difficult to study and describe them.

The Swedish scientist managed to solve the problem Karl Linnaeus .

He proposed to assign to all types of organisms double Latin names . The first word - noun - shows family affiliation . Second word - adjective - actually species name to distinguish a given species from other species of the same genus. The introduction of double Latin names allowed scientists from all over the world to understand each other, contributed to the development of biological science.

The Eukaryote Kingdom

Animal Kingdom

Subkingdom Multicellular

Type Chordates

Subtype Vertebrates

Class Amphibians

Rod Frog

Species grass frog Lake frog

Homework: §8, answer to?

Annotation to the material

Grade 7 Biology Presentations in last years are becoming more and more in demand among teachers in all schools where it is possible to use computer technology... Scientists have recognized and proven that the use of multimedia electronic aids increases the level of learning in the subject, develops students' interest in learning new topics, forces them to independently create projects, participate in competitions and make their little discoveries while still within the walls of the school. The world of biology in presentations for grade 7 is interesting and understandable. It is not enough for a student today to see the text in a book. Looking at the slides in the lesson with the class, students analyze objects and study phenomena, get acquainted with unusual animals belonging to different classes, and learn the diversity of nature.

Teacher can download presentation on biology grade 7 to explain a new topic and to test the knowledge of students, to demonstrate natural objects and to organize independent work students in the lesson. The possibilities of an electronic interactive manual are huge:

Learning becomes clear
Complex material is explained very simply and clearly
A huge amount of time is saved during the lesson, since there is no need to constantly work with chalk and rags or tables that need to be replaced and fixed on the board
Students show more interest in the subject

From our section you can download free presentations on biology grade 7 for all teaching materials. Among the proposed works are the development of teachers participating in various competitions, projects of seventh graders completed after studying the topic, research work students. It doesn't matter how many years you have been working at the school and how you own powerPoint... You do not have to collect material for the manuals yourself in preparation for the lessons. Come to our portal, here you can download without registration and completely free of charge presentations in biology for grade 7 based on the textbooks of Sonin, Tikhomirov, Khrutskaya and others for an interactive whiteboard or screen.

The use of ICTs and presentations in biology classes in grade 7 allows the teacher to include each student in an active learning process in the lesson. Don't miss this great opportunity and the time to use it. Hurry up to download the material for the biology lesson today so that tomorrow's lesson is the best!

Beasts, mammals - presentation

Presentation on the theme “Animals. Mammals ”presents an interactive tutorial for grade 7 in biology on 32 slides, which will give the teacher the opportunity to clearly and interestingly tell students about the huge class of animals that inhabit our planet. Her slides are filled with vivid illustrations, small explanatory texts, schematic drawings that will help tell about the diversity of the class ...

Presentation Fish class: cartilaginous, bony

The presentation was made for the biology lesson in grade 7 on the topic "Cartilaginous and bony fishes". Its material will be a good visual aid to explain a new topic about representatives of these groups. Development material is presented on 39 slides. These are bright pictures, interesting texts, numerous schemes. It is this complex of visibility that will help make a biology lesson understandable, ...

Class Bony fish

The presentation on the topic "Bone Fish" introduces 7th grade students to the numerous units of this class. The students will remember that bony fish are not all the same, so they were assigned to the following groups: Salmoniformes Herringfishes Perchiformes Sturgeonfifs Carps Each fish order is considered separately. On 43 slides, there is enough text and visual ...

Class Cartilaginous fish

The presentation on the topic "Cartilaginous fish" will allow a biology teacher to tell 7th grade students about fish, which are considered the most ancient, which lived in the Devonian seas, and now live only in salt water. Almost all of these fish have become the main predators of our water bodies, but their role in nature is enormous. Everyone will be able to find out ...

Pisces presentation

The presentation on the topic "Pisces" was made by a 7th grade student under the guidance of a biology teacher. Her work is a wonderful project in which the schoolgirl summarized the knowledge gained on the topic, so you can download this presentation for free for a biology lesson in grade 7, which will consider general characteristics class of fish. Questions that the student ...

Fish Superclass Presentation

A presentation for a biology lesson in grade 7 talks about the features of the fish superclass, which in turn is divided into two large classes: cartilaginous and bony fish. They are chordates that live in water. Due to the similarity in body structure, they were combined into one superclass. The 21-slide presentation is filled with material about ...

Fish variety presentation

The Fish Diversity presentation is a 7th grade biology lesson manual. Using the information presented on 12 slides, students can be introduced to the groups of cartilaginous, lung-finned, cross-finned fish and their industrial significance: Class cartilaginous fish - shark and stingray Class Bony fish - lobe-finned and ray-finned Sturgeon ...

Main taxonomic groups of fish - presentation

The presentation on the topic "The main taxonomic groups of fish" can be used in the 7th grade in a biology lesson when repeating or generalizing the material. Based on the proposed assignments and questions, the teacher can conduct a frontal survey, get individual answers to questions in writing, or use assignments for teamwork. Study result ...

Internal structure of fish - presentation

The presentation will tell you about the peculiarities of the internal structure of fish. The material can be used in grade 7 in a biology lesson when studying a topic for any teaching material, since the content of the development will meet the requirements of the program and the Federal State Educational Standard. The presentation was compiled by a teacher of the first category, who has experience in teaching the subject and knows the requirements for compiling electronic products ...

Crustaceans - presentation

A presentation for a biology lesson in grade 7 talks about a group of animals that belong to the class of crustaceans. You can download an electronic manual, consisting of 13 slides, for any teaching materials. Its material will help students learn the material quickly and efficiently, since the slides are filled with illustrations, texts, schematic drawings, which significantly improves the memorization process and ...

Bivalve molluscs presentation

A presentation on the topic "Bivalve molluscs" was given to a 7th grade student as part of a biology project. The schoolboy considers in his work a class of mollusks, which, according to scientists, currently number about 10 thousand species. Some representatives of this class have disappeared and have not been found on Earth at all for many years. Development can be ...

Shellfish - presentation

The presentation on biology on the topic "Molluscs" was made by a teacher from St. Petersburg to study new material using ICT. The development will allow you to tell students and support with clarity the basic information about mollusks, which have their own distinctive features and are a separate type of animal. The content of the electronic manual, made on 10 slides filled with diagrams, pictures, small text ...

Lancelet presentation

A presentation on biology on the theme "Lancelet" will allow 7th grade students to get acquainted with a rather interesting species of protozoa. Opening the electronic manual, students will immediately see a photo of the Russian biologist A.O. Kovalevsky, who is considered the main founder of evolutionary embryology, which studied the patterns of modification of animal ontogenesis as phylogenesis progressed. The following are slides that tell students how ...

Arachnids presentation

The presentation on the topic "Class arachnids (spiders)" tells the 7th grade students about the arthropod type, which is studied by the science of arachnology. There are about 70 thousand species of spiders in the world. It will not be possible to tell the students about all the representatives of the class, but it will be possible to compare them with crustaceans and find out the distinctive features of the structure. Download presentation for the lesson ...

Mammals - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Mammals" will introduce 7th grade students to the diversity of animals in this class on the planet. You can also download the development for conducting a biology lesson in other classes or for natural history. Students can use the Electronic Mammals Handbook to help them prepare for the class or to learn more about a topic. On...

Internal structure of mammals - presentation

The presentation will introduce you to the internal structure of mammals. This development, performed on 24 slides, can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7. It is recommended to use the material in parts over several lessons, considering the topics separately. On the slides of the electronic manual in the form of schematic drawings high Quality students will be able to examine the internal structure of animals and identify ...

Reptile presentation

The presentation on the topic "Reptiles" will tell about the main long-livers of the animal world of our planet. These animals are also the most ancient according to the estimates of research scientists. You can download a development about reptiles for a biology lesson in grade 7 or for independent study of the material by children, who, although they learn a lot of interesting things from the world of biology. ...

Presentation External structure of mammals

The presentation tells about the external structure of mammals, which depends directly on the habitat of the animal, its lifestyle. Completed an electronic manual for a biology lesson in grade 7 on 20 slides. They are filled with short texts, diagrams and pictures that reflect the essence of the topic. In development, the material is presented: General signs of the class animals External ...

Waterfowl - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Waterfowl" has enough interesting material and pictures to acquaint students with the group of birds that can stay on the water and get their food here. You can download the development, which tells about waterfowl marsh, river and near-water birds, for a biology lesson in grade 7. The material is colorful and ...

Variety of birds - presentation

The Bird Diversity presentation is a colorful visual aid for a 7th grade biology lesson. It tells about the many ecological groups of birds that inhabit forests, fields, steppes, water bodies and other natural communities of the earth. Such a large variety of bird groups in connection with living conditions is discussed on 16 slides, each of ...

Presentation on the topic " Predator birds”Talks about those birds, which we call day and night predators. The development can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7. The manual is completed on 33 slides. There will be enough material for the whole lesson, so no other aids are needed for the lesson. The presentation "Birds of Prey" was made in the program ...

Class Amphibians or Amphibians

The presentation on the topic "Class amphibians or amphibians" will tell about a group of animals that have adapted to live both in water bodies and on land. As adults, they spend most of their life on the ground, but for their reproduction, growth and development of the larva, an aquatic environment is required. That is why they got this name. Material...

Excretory organs of animals - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Excretory organs of animals" will allow at a biology lesson in the 7th or 8th grade to repeat the evolution of the excretory system in animals and to understand the mechanism of urine formation in humans. Despite the fact that the development is presented without a synopsis, on its first slides the goals and objectives of the lesson are defined, which must be achieved when ...

Presentation Evolution of excretory organs

The presentation on the topic "Evolution of the excretory organs", which was performed by a 7th grade student in biology, examines the process of complicating the construction of the excretory system in animals, from flatworms to higher animals. This is a project in which material on the topic is collected and systematized: The excretory system of annelids: a diagram in longitudinal and cross-section ...

Mushrooms presentation

The presentation on the theme "Mushrooms" reveals the structural features of the representatives of this kingdom, their role in the life of the natural community in which they grow, and their significance for humans. Having considered many pictures, since the electronic manual is made on slide 21, students will learn to distinguish edible mushrooms from those that are poisonous and can harm health if ...

Internal structure of birds - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Internal structure of birds" reveals the distinctive features of the structure of the skeleton, digestive, respiratory and excretory systems in connection with the adaptability to flight. Animals and amphibians cannot fly. With regard to birds, nature acted in its own way, rewarding their body with special organs that help them to climb into the sky and maintain their ...

Presentation Diversity of amphibians

The presentation "Diversity of amphibians" can be used in a biology lesson or in extracurricular activities to summarize knowledge on a topic. In development, a game is presented that has 5 categories: Lifestyle Features of the structure of the body Habitat Use Reproduction For each question, players receive from 1 to 5 points ...

Presentation Class amphibians, tailless squad

A biology presentation for grade 7 will introduce students to those animals that belong to the amphibian class and represent the tailless squad. That is why they are called in short - tailless amphibians. Schoolchildren will find out what features this order has, in which there are about 3,000 species of animals. While studying the material on ...

Circulatory system. Blood - presentation

Presentation on the topic " Circulatory system... Blood ”will introduce 7th grade students at a biology lesson to the evolution of these organs in the process of development from the simplest animals to the vertebrates. Based on the development materials, it is possible to explain what blood is in various animals, how the blood circulation circles work. Presentation slides present structured material about ...

Presentation Complication of animal structure diversity of species as a result of developmental evolution

A presentation on biology for grade 7 on the topic "Complication of the structure of animals, diversity of species as a result of evolution" will tell about such significant achievements of evolution as: Adaptation to the environment in which you have to live A huge number of species The structure of living things has become more complex Two results of evolution are considered in detail : Fitness ...

Animal breeding methods - presentation

Presentation on the topic “Animal reproduction methods. Fertilization ”was performed for a biology lesson in grade 7. It can be downloaded to explain the new material, since the slides of the manual are filled with rich text material, have many schematic pictures. In the development there are tasks for students that will be completed in the course of explaining the material. To study the topic ...

Body Covers presentation

A presentation on the topic "Covers of the body" can be offered for use in a biology lesson in grade 7 or 8, depending on educational programused in school. The material offered in the electronic manual will make it possible to tell students about the similarities and distinctive features of the skin of various animals, to track how its structure was being improved ...

Bird eggs: structure and shape - presentation

The presentation on the topic "The structure of a bird's egg" was made for a biology lesson in grade 7. Its filling will allow the teacher to tell that in addition to the protein, shell and yolk, other components of the egg can also be distinguished, therefore, such words as latebra, blastoderm, yolk membrane and others will be included in the dictionary in the lesson. In the diagram ...

Presentation Amphibians

The presentation on the topic "Class Amphibians", which is proposed to be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7, will allow the study of new material in an unconventional form, which always arouses great interest among the children. The lesson will be built according to the following plan: Auction of terms (chord, spine, ventricle, coelacanth, eggs, fish, lateral line) Reports from our correspondents ...

KVN in biology with presentation

KVN in biology with a presentation can be done as extracurricular activity in biology, dedicated to the Day birds or after studying the topic "Birds" in the lesson. Electronic development is presented along with a synopsis, which can be downloaded for free at the link. In addition, the archive contains sound files with recordings of bird voices: stork, sparrow, raven, wood grouse, woodpecker, ...

Sense organs, regulation of body activity - presentation

Biology presentation for grade 7 on the topic “Sense organs. Regulation of the body's activity ”- this is additional material for the lesson, in which it is necessary to explain to students how, thanks to the eyes, ears, skin, antennae, nerve cells in various living beings, there is a relationship with the world that surrounds them. Students will follow the slides of the electronic manual ...

Presentation Reptiles

The “Reptiles” presentation, which can be downloaded for the 7th grade biology lesson, provides visual material that will guide students through another large class of animals and their representatives. Each creature related to reptiles has some of its own characteristics, but together they are grouped according to common characteristics, with which ...

Superorder typical birds - presentation, grade 7 biology

The presentation on the topic "Typical Birds" gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe feathered creatures that belong to this group. According to the systematics carried out by scientists, this large group represents a superorder of typical birds and a superorder of penguins. Running birds are not distinguished in this development, since they are also referred to the superorder of typical ones. The e-manual gives a general ...

Presentation of Ancient Reptiles

The presentation on the topic "Ancient reptiles" tells about those representatives of the class that once inhabited the Earth, but due to changes in natural conditions, they completely disappeared and are now considered extinct. These ancient animals include not only dinosaurs, which schoolchildren know a lot about, but also other representatives that 7th grade students will learn about ...

Groups of birds - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Groups of birds" can be used in the 7th grade in a biology lesson. Its author is a teacher who knows the subject well. He offers a guide for consolidating material on a topic or for self-study of material from a textbook with a number of tasks. You can download the presentation for a biology lesson, where ...

A presentation on the topic "Reptiles or reptiles" for grade 7 in biology will reveal the features of the external structure and lifestyle of this group of animals, which are common in almost all corners of the Earth. You can download an electronic manual for a biology lesson without restrictions on the use of teaching materials. The material of the interactive manual is interesting and corresponds to the program. The slides are filled with pictures, ...

The presentation on the theme "Lizards" will tell students about the largest suborder of representatives belonging to the class of reptiles or reptiles. These animals belong to the order of scaly and number about 400 different types, which are united in 40 families. You can download a presentation on the topic "Lizards" for a biology lesson in grade 7. Contents of the electronic manual, ...

Chameleon - presentation

A presentation on the theme "Chameleon", which can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7, will tell about those lizards that have adapted to live in trees and are able to change color depending on where they live. The presentation addresses distinctive features chameleons, which give them the opportunity for animals to adapt to the arboreal image ...

The presentation on the topic "Snakes", which we offer to download from this page at the link for free for a biology lesson in grade 7, will allow the teacher to expand the students' understanding of the animals of this suborder, which are part of a large class of reptiles. A multimedia manual on 19 slides was completed, which are filled with assignments for students, illustrative and test materials ...

Presentation Bird reproduction and development

The presentation on the topic "Reproduction and development of birds", which can be downloaded in biology in grade 7, presents material on 32 slides. To reveal the topic, the author proposes to study the material according to the following plan using the manual: Reproductive organs in the male and female Structure, various shapes and colors, egg development The development of the embryo, necessary ...

The presentation on the theme "Crocodiles", which can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7 when studying the diversity of reptiles, is made on 17 slides. The material presented in the manual is amazing in its content, beautifully illustrated, so the development can be recommended for studying for those students who are interested in the natural world, despite the fact that they can study ...

Poultry presentation

The presentation on Poultry, which can be downloaded free of charge for a 7th grade biology lesson, will talk about what species of birds are raised by humans for industrial use. On the development slides, which is presented on 20 slides, there is a lot of textual material, illustrative, there are riddles about poultry, poems. The material of the manual is divided into ...

Birds - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Birds" was made for the biology lesson, which will be held in grade 7. The material of the interactive manual fully complies with the program requirements, since the work was done by a biology teacher. You can download a free presentation on the topic "Birds" for any teaching materials. The content of the presentation, which is done on 14 slides, will give students an overview of birds, how ...

The importance of birds and their protection - presentation

The presentation tells about the importance of birds and the need to protect them by humans. You can use the electronic manual, made on 19 slides, in a biology lesson in grade 7. It is recommended to consider this topic together with the study of the material on the origin of birds, since the topics can be combined with each other. On the slides of the Interactive Explore ...

Rook bird presentation

A presentation on biology about a rook bird can be used in a 7th grade lesson. In the development, enough material has been collected to interestingly tell students about this feathered creature that lives in gardens and parks, living next to a person, but does not always attract his gaze, since it does not have bright plumage... Bird...

The presentation on the topic "Turtles" presents the most interesting material about the representatives of this order, which belong to the class of reptiles. The world of turtles is unique and interesting. They are completely different from other reptiles. Although animals are similar to each other, scientists have divided them into 12 families and 2 suborders, which will be discussed in ...

Presentation External structure of birds

A presentation on the topic "The external structure of birds" for a biology lesson in grade 7 will give students an idea of \u200b\u200bhow birds look different from other animals belonging to the vertebrate type. On the basis of the slides, you can acquaint schoolchildren with the general characteristics of birds, the features of the external structure, which allowed them to settle throughout the entire Earth ...

Presentation Habitat and external structure of birds

The presentation talks about how the habitat affects external structure birds. You can download an electronic manual on this topic for a biology lesson in grade 7. The material on the slides will enable students to get answers to the questions, the study of which is provided for by the program: how the structural features of birds are related to flight and the habitat. Multimedia product ...

Musculoskeletal system of birds - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Musculoskeletal system of birds" will acquaint students with the structure of the skeleton of birds and muscles. Having studied the structural features of the skeleton and highlighting those features that are characteristic of flight, it will be easy for students to complete laboratory work... The development can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7. The material of the manual is presented not only with information for study ...

Respiratory organs and gas exchange - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Respiratory organs and gas exchange" will allow 7th grade students in biology to understand the structural features of the respiratory system and the essence of the process itself in connection with those features that are characteristic of the body. The respiratory system of birds has a complex structure. To understand the material, schoolchildren are invited to compare these systems in ...

Presentation Variety of reptiles

The presentation on biology on the topic "Diversity of reptiles" will give students the opportunity to see the many-sided world of reptiles, representatives of which are animals living in different environments... The development material was made on 44 slides. There are many pictures and descriptions, there are diagrams and tables. After watching the presentation, 7th grade students will have a certain concept of the diversity of the reptile world ...

Presentation Subtype vertebrates. Fish are aquatic vertebrates

The presentation on biology reveals the structural features of representatives of the animal world belonging to the subtype vertebrates using the example of fish - aquatic vertebrates. On the basis of this material, the 7th grade students will have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat structure the representatives of the animal world have, which scientists attributed to the vertebrate subtype. The material of the visual aid presents ...

Periodization and lifespan of animals - presentation

The presentation on biology on the topic "Periodization and Life Span of Animals" will tell 7th grade students about which periods stand out in the development of each organism and how many years different living things can live. There are many interesting information... The author has collected a whole collection interesting facts and combined them with the program material, completing the work ...

Charles Darwin About the causes of the evolution of the animal world - presentation

Presentation for a biology lesson on the topic “Charles Darwin. On the Causes of the Evolution of the Animal World ”will reveal to the 7th grade students the concept of heredity and variability, natural selection and the struggle for existence as the main driving forces of evolution. The study of material in biology is closely intertwined with other sciences, therefore the author of the development leads to disclose the topic of the lesson ...

Presentation Order of insects

The presentation will introduce grade 7 students to the main orders of insects and their distinctive features. Students will recognize the representatives of each group. The children's dictionary will be replenished with new names that will be active in the future. There are many illustrations on the slides of the presentation that give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe animals being studied. The content of the topic of the lesson is revealed on 25 slides, on which ...

Class Insects - presentation

The presentation on "Class Insects" was made by a 7th grade biology student. His project is about a group of animals that are the most advanced of all arthropods. You can download a presentation on biology on the topic "Insects" to study the material in the lesson or as a sample for performing design work seventh graders. Material about insects ...

Reproduction and development of mammals - presentation

A presentation on the reproduction and development of mammals for a biology lesson in grade 7 will allow students to identify, using the material presented on the slides, the features of the life cycle of animals belonging to this class. The development represents not only textual material. Information is presented in the form of tables, diagrams, which allows students to concentrate on the topic and open ...

Dividing birds into groups - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Dividing birds into groups" will allow 7th grade students to figure out how to combine birds into groups. The external structure of birds is different, as birds live in different natural conditions. In accordance with the place of residence, ecological groups of birds are also distinguished: Forests of Swamps and ...

Ecological groups of birds - presentation

A presentation on the topic "Ecological groups of birds" for a biology lesson in grade 7 will allow students to study in detail and together with the teacher analyze the conditions for adaptation to various habitats in nature for representatives of the Birds class. Depending on the specific place of residence of birds, ecological groups are distinguished. Each individual group has its own common features ...

Systematic groups of birds - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Systematic groups of birds" can be used in a biology lesson in grade 7 when meeting a new class of animals or when studying the classification of birds or when getting to know the diversity of the bird world. The following systematic groups were identified on the development slides: Penguins Ostrich (ratites) Petrels Pelicans (copepods) Anseriformes (duck and ...

Presentation Type Echinoderm

A presentation on the topic "Type Echinoderm" in biology in grade 7 was made by the teacher to introduce students to animals, which are among the most ancient creatures with two-sided symmetry. Having passed the stages of evolution, their appearance has changed. They became five-pointed, having lost their axis of symmetry, but this property remained in the larvae. Download a free presentation on ...

Presentation Digestive organs, metabolism and energy conversion

The presentation acquaints students with the digestive organs of animals, with how the metabolism and energy conversion occurs in representatives of different types and classes. This development can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7 using the textbook Pasechnik V.V. The material of the manual is presented on nine slides, which are filled with tests on the topic, tables and ...

Presentation Renewal, reproductive organs

Presentation on the topic “Genus extension. Reproductive Organs ”was made for a biology lesson in grade 7. It can be downloaded free of charge as a visual aid for studying the topic according to the textbook of V. V. Pasechnik. The material is downloaded from the link without registration and SMS. The e-manual will help students consider the reproduction process in animals as one ...

Development of animals with and without transformation - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Development of animals with and without transformation" tells about how living individuals of different classes develop, what stages of development animals go through. The development contains enough material both about those representatives whose development occurs with transformation, and about those living creatures whose development proceeds without transformation, then ...

Evidence for animal evolution - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Evidence for animal evolution" was made for a biology lesson in grade 7. The material of the e-manual is located on 18 slides. These are not only thematic tests, but also clear understandable schemes, photographs of scientists who have studied evolution, illustrative material on the topic. On the presentation slides, short logical blocks are presented the following information, which is...

The presentation on the topic "Protozoa" will tell about those unicellular animals that belong to the group of eukaryotes. You can download a free manual for a biology lesson in grade 7. IN visual aid there is enough material on “Protozoa” to teach a biology lesson: Who are the Protozoa? Features of the structure of unicellular organisms ...

Presentation Evolution of the nervous system in animals

The presentation on the theme "Evolution of the nervous system" gives an idea to students about the development of this system in various groups of animals, about its complication in the process of their development, about the role in life. You can download the development for free at the link for a biology lesson in grade 7. The presentation material is presented in the form of tables and diagrams, figures and ...

Nervous system, reflex, instinct - presentation

Biology presentation on the topic “Nervous system. Reflex. Instinct "will allow you to study the structure and development of the nervous system of animals belonging to different types and classes, and also to understand the reflex principle of its work. You can download an electronic manual for grade 7 along with a lesson outline, which defines goals, objectives, schedules ...

The presentation on the topic "Dinosaurs" will introduce 7th grade students to the representatives of the animal world that lived on Earth many millennia ago, but disappeared due to a changed climate and a number of other reasons. You can download a development about dinosaurs both for a biology lesson and for students to get acquainted with these creatures on their own. The material may be interesting ...

Evolution of the senses in animals - presentation

The presentation introduces the evolution of the nervous system and sense organs in various animals. Her material can be used in a biology lesson in grade 7. In the manual, using the example of illustrative material, it tells about the structure of the nervous system, its significance and the significance of the sense organs for various living organisms. Looking at the slides ...

Gastropods - presentation

The presentation offers a fascinating virtual introduction to extraordinary creatures called gastropods. In a biology lesson, studying the topic, grade 7 students will consider the features of the body structure, the living conditions of representatives of this large group. You can also download the manual for elementary school, since the material will be of interest to students in grades 2 - 3, who ...

Atavisms and rudiments - presentation

The presentation can be used to study atavisms and rudiments that indicate our close relationship with representatives of the animal world. The manual can be downloaded both for zoology lessons in grade 7, and for anatomy lessons in grade 10, where this topic can also be considered. First, two concepts are defined, after ...

Orthoptera squad - presentation

The presentation introduces schoolchildren to representatives of the Orthoptera order, which belong to a large class of insects. We meet these small animals everywhere in nature. In a biology lesson, 7th grade students will be able not only to see them, but also to learn the structure of the body, the peculiarities of life, the habitat of individuals. To make the lesson interesting, it is proposed to download an electronic resource, ...

Gorilla presentation

The presentation will be very interesting for both children and teachers, because it tells about the variety of gorillas and the peculiarities of their life and behavior. From the first page, after seeing a photo of this huge primate, I want to know more about the monkeys that were once considered our ancestors. A lot of interesting things are collected on 34 slides of the development, which ...

Squad Chicken - presentation

The presentation tells about birds belonging to the Chicken order. Of course, in one biology lesson, 7th grade students are unlikely to find out about all representatives of this group, since there are 283 species in total, but they will get acquainted with many wild and domestic chickens. The tutorial will brighten up your biology lesson, so don't miss it. Better download ...

Sponges - presentation

The presentation on the topic "Sponges" tells about multicellular animals that live mainly in the vast seas. The topic is revealed on 19 slides. Download the manual is offered for showing at zoology in the 5th - 7th grade. Acquaintance with a new class of animals of the subkingdom of Multicellular begins with the study of general characteristics. Then a classification of the type of sponges is given, it is told about ...

Scaly - presentation

The presentation tells about the oldest creatures on the planet, belonging to the Scaled order of the Reptile class. The information is interesting. It is planned to show it at biology lessons, so you can download the resource to all teachers who are preparing a topic in grade 7. The story begins with an excursion into antiquity. Using the map, it will be possible to assess the scale of the territories that were ...

Round Worms type - presentation

Zoology lesson presentation presents a type of roundworm. Grade 7 students will get acquainted with the internal and external structure of unusual creatures related to animals, consider the structure of their body. You can also download the manual for independent study outside the home, for repeating the topic in grade 8. Roundworms, inconspicuous at first glance, turned out to be ...

Scorpions - presentation

The presentation is a ready-made scorpion textbook that can be shown to students in biology class while studying arthropods. This development is entirely devoted to the story of creatures that inhabited mainly warm sandy and rocky regions, but also found in wet areas. They have an unusual body shape, an even more mysterious lifestyle. And on ...

May beetle - presentation

The presentation on zoology is completely devoted to the story of the May beetle. A small insect is known to everyone, but despite this, there is a lot to learn about it. And the proof of this is the finished development, which is proposed to be downloaded for grade 7. The material in the manual for the biology lesson is presented clearly, in accordance with the plan. The theme is complemented by pictures: ...

Presentation Single-pass

The presentation for the 7th grade introduces schoolchildren to the animals belonging to the One-pass squad. This group is also called the First Beasts. They will be discussed on the pages of the manual, which can be downloaded for a biology lesson in grade 7. Before us is the most primitive of those mammals that can already be called modern. Among the prominent representatives ...

Pliers - presentation

The presentation introduces students to such difficult creatures as ticks. No one dares to call a meeting with these arthropods pleasant. However, it is better to know your enemy in person in order to avoid danger, therefore it is proposed to download a manual for a biology lesson to tell grade 7 students about a dangerous bloodsucker. The finished resource is also suitable for displaying on ...

Kangaroo presentation

The presentation tells about the Australian marsupial animal - the kangaroo. The material is easy to read, interesting, pleasant to look at. You can download the manual both for biology lessons in grade 7, and for showing on the outside world in elementary school. And at home, children can read small texts with pleasure to broaden their horizons ...

Penguins presentation

The presentation invites you to take a trip to the world of ice and cold and get to know the penguins, amazing birds with wings, but unable to fly. The manual is performed on 17 slides. The material is interesting, uncomplicated in perception, so you can download the resource both for showing in elementary school and for getting to know the representatives of the squad of penguins on ...

Intestinal type - presentation

The presentation introduces the diversity of the animal world belonging to the type of coelenterates. This manual was made to introduce you to a new topic in a 7th grade zoology lesson. You can download the resource without restrictions on the teaching materials for any biology textbook. On 20 slides, it is proposed to consider material that will fully reveal the topic. Students will be able to see on ...

Squad Cetaceans - presentation

The presentation offers text and illustrative material for acquaintance with the order of Cetaceans. Marine animals always attract the attention of children. In a biology lesson in grade 7, a detailed acquaintance with the representatives of this group is offered. You can download a ready-made manual and talk about amazing animals that have a similar structure. The author of the work is a student. She picked up interesting ...

Paleontology - presentation

The presentation can be shown in grades 5 - 7 when studying the topic "Paleontology" in biology lessons. Using the colorful manual, the teacher will be able to open the mysterious door to an equally interesting science that studies the most ancient layers of the formation of life on the planet. In the lesson, schoolchildren will find out when and in what sequence the geological eras went ...

The presentation will introduce its viewer to the owls. These birds rarely catch the eye of humans, as they are nocturnal. The more interesting it will be to watch the manual and learn new things about birds, if you download the manual for the biology lesson in grade 7, made by the teacher. The pages contain amazing facts about birds. Did you know,...

Evidence for the evolution of the animal kingdom - presentation

The presentation is filled with material for acquaintance with the evidence of the evolution of the animal world. Development reveals the topic in full. For this, the teacher uses not only specific facts, but also figures, and relies on the names of the scientists who studied this process. All this will allow 7th grade students to learn new material excellent if you download a ready-made resource for a biology lesson ...

Squad Rodents - presentation

The presentation introduces animals called rodents. This is the most numerous order in nature in terms of the number of different species and subspecies. In the 7th grade, in a biology lesson, the topic is studied by schoolchildren with pleasure. Children know many representatives of the detachment, therefore, having seen the picture, they will actively participate in the reasoning. We offer you to download the e-manual to fill ...

Squad Hare - presentation

The presentation tells about a large order of animals - Hare-like. These cute creatures have a special place in nature. In a biology lesson, 7th grade students will get acquainted with the general characteristics of the group and its individual representatives. A small manual will help in organizing work, which can be downloaded to any teacher for free. Do not worry that the author of the development ...

Bats squad - presentation

The presentation was made as a project for a zoology lesson by a student Kirill Baranov, who spoke in detail about the representatives of the Bats squad. His work can also be downloaded for a biology lesson in the 6th - 7th grade, where it is necessary to reveal this interesting topic and introduce you to unusual creatures that can fly. We got into the group of bats ...

Marsupials - presentation

The presentation tells about an unusual order of animals that have a brood pouch, for which they were named marsupial mammals. The topic is studied in the section of zoology in grade 7. To conduct an interesting lesson that will be remembered by children and will give them not only knowledge, but also positive emotions, it is proposed to download this manual... A lot of interesting...

Order of mammals - presentation

The biology presentation describes all orders belonging to the mammalian class. In the lesson, grade 7 students will study the features of the units presented. Children will learn to understand what representatives of one group have in common, than they, being in a single family, differ from each other. An acquaintance with the world of animals begins with unusual representatives - the foot and mouth disease squad ...

Squad of Primates - presentation

The presentation tells about the lifestyle of representatives of the Primate squad. Grade 7 students in a biology lesson will get acquainted with the life of the most unusual animals, since it is they who most resemble humans, and therefore are considered his ancestors. In this group, there are many different animals, differing in both size and habitat. Download the manual ...

Pinnipeds - presentation

The presentation tells about a large group of animals living in the water - pinnipeds. They are not entirely ordinary and unlike those mammals that live on earth. All pinnipeds live in water bodies, and mainly in the seas and oceans. They feed their young with milk, but they are not at all afraid of the cold and do not move with help ...

Passerine squad - presentation

The presentation introduces children to interesting information about the birds that make up the Passeriformes order. A large manual, performed on 58 slides, will fit well into a biology lesson when studying a related topic. The development increases the horizons of schoolchildren, forms visual perception in 7th grade students. In a biology lesson, for which it is recommended to download a resource, children will compare individual birds ...

Proboscis Squad - presentation

The presentation tells about proboscis mammals, which have a unique feature - the trunk, for which they got their capacious name. Download the manual is recommended both for thematic lessons of biology in grades 6 - 7, and for home study of the material by schoolchildren. The topic is revealed by 16 slides: what is a trunk; main features ...

Artiodactyls and equid-hoofed animals - presentation

The presentation introduces two large groups of animals - artiodactyls and equids. These mammals have many similarities, so the study of the topic can be organized in one biology lesson. Grade 7 students will definitely like the material, because we offer to download a colorful presentation made on 11 slides to accompany the story. It gives a general ...

Animal migration - presentation

The presentation talks about the phenomenon of animal migration. The material is useful for teaching ecology or biology lessons. You can download it for those who are considering the topic in grade 7. On the pages of multimedia development, the concept of migration, habitats, patterns of distribution of animals is given, as well as the main types of migration phenomena. Are given specific examples, as...

Annual life cycle and seasonal phenomena in bird life - presentation

The presentation explains what constitutes an annual life cycle birds. The work also examines seasonal phenomena in the life of birds. The topic is simply stated using schemes, diagrams, theses. You can download the material for conducting a biology lesson in the 7th - 8th grade. The story begins in spring. This time is marked by the arrival ...

Birds of open spaces - presentation

The presentation introduces schoolchildren to the world of birds who prefer to live in open spaces. They love freedom and cannot live in a forest or a swamp. They need light. They got used to their living conditions and learned how to hatch chicks here and get food. This is an interesting manual focused on a biology lesson in grade 7, ...

The evolution of the musculoskeletal system of animals - presentation

The presentation examines the evolutionary process of the musculoskeletal system in animals over a long period of world development. The work presents material that will help to consolidate knowledge and master practical skills of reasoning. You can use the manual both in the course of explaining the topic in a biology lesson in grade 7, and in consolidating it. All tasks are diverse, ...

Ostriches - presentation

A 7th grade student made a presentation about ostriches. In her work, she talked about unusual birds that attract the attention of not only children, but also bird watchers. In her biology project, the girl revealed a number of important questions: general characteristics of ostriches; emu and African ostrich; how chicks are born; ...

Variety of insects - presentation

The presentation was made to conduct a generalizing lesson on the topic "Variety of insects". The material is recommended for use with a biology textbook edited by Pasechnik. Download the electronic manual is offered with a synopsis. The lesson is recommended to be conducted in the form of a competition game. Schoolchildren will have to prove themselves when performing various tasks. The following rounds are defined: Warm-up Biological dictation ...

Presentation Bees and Ants - Social Insects

The presentation tells about bees and ants, which in biology are called social insects. The students briefly got acquainted with this topic in the first grade, but it is proposed to consider it more deeply in the 7th grade. The lesson will require a lot of visual material in order to interest schoolchildren in the subject of study, so it is best to download the ready-made resource along with the synopsis and ...

Types of insect development - presentation

The presentation will help you understand how insects develop. The work has enough material on the topic. Students will see in pictures and diagrams how a caterpillar turns into a butterfly, how an insect hatches from eggs. The resource is proposed to be downloaded for showing at a biology lesson in grades 6-7. Development is done on 30 slides ...

The internal structure of insects - presentation

The presentation on the topic "The internal structure of insects" was prepared by the teacher for showing in the biology lesson. The manual will help eighth-graders to understand and remember the basic concepts of the studied topic. Themed pictures and text fragments are shown on the big screen. Guiding questions force 8th grade students to reflect and draw their own conclusions. The work was compiled with the use of elements of health-saving technologies ...

External structure of fish - presentation grade 7

The presentation tells about the features of the external structure of representatives of the fish class, which are among the oldest animals on our planet. Students are offered bright illustrations and useful theoretical material for consideration, and to help the biology teacher, they are invited to download a ready-made summary of a lesson in grade 7. Fish have features in the structure of the body, ...

Lumpy fish - presentation

The presentation introduces a very unusual group of fish called lungworms. In addition to the usual gills, they have a lung. These are amazing creatures that live in the seas and oceans. In a biology lesson in grade 7, the structure of the talus of these animals and the features of their behavior, lifestyle, and human use will be considered. Studying the topic ...

Quillfish - presentation

The main characters of the presentation were cross-finned fish. This group of marine animals is not numerous, since almost all of its representatives have become extinct. However, this does not diminish interest in the study of crossfin. During the biology lesson, schoolchildren will get acquainted with the structure of the body, the peculiarities of the life of the coelacanth inhabiting the Comoros. It is very difficult to meet a sea miracle. Fish lives ...

Aquatic mammals - presentation

The presentation presents the world of aquatic animals that live in the seas and oceans. For them, water is a familiar habitat, although there are individuals that go on land. In the textbook for a biology lesson, 4 groups of animals from this ecosystem are presented, some of them still live at depth, while others have disappeared, became extinct. Schoolchildren will ...

Ecological groups of animals - presentation

The presentation gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe ecological groups of animals. Schoolchildren will have to learn a classification that is far from the traditional one, involving division into groups and families. These groups include completely different representatives, but they have common features. This manual, which is proposed to be downloaded from the link, will help to study the topic for 7th grade students in a biology lesson. As a result, seventh graders ...

Insectivorous mammals - presentation

The presentation introduces schoolchildren to the order of Insectivorous mammals. This large group of animals will be studied by 7th grade students in a biology lesson. To make the teacher's story memorable, emotional and convincing, we suggest downloading a ready-made manual, in which there is a lot of interesting text material, enough pictures that will attract the attention of the audience. From the work, schoolchildren learn about the representatives of the family ...

Hedgehogs - presentation

The presentation introduces children to hedgehogs. Varkentin Anton talks about these thorny animals in his work. The author presented a number of interesting material about the hedgehog, supplemented his story with pictures. Download the manual is offered for showing to children in the lesson when disclosing the topic of forest or insectivorous animals. The slides will be equally interesting for elementary school students ...

Shark presentation

A presentation on shark predators will prove to be a great tutorial for a biology lesson. It is offered to download it to those who consider the orders of fish. There are many interesting facts about sea piranhas in the manual. Even more attractive to seventh graders will be illustrations that demonstrate the main character of the story. The work was built according to the plan: first mentions of sharks; ...

Stingrays - presentation

The presentation on stingrays was made by a 7th grade student. The work is interesting, useful, well-designed. The topic is widely disclosed, so the manual is recommended to be downloaded to demonstrate the material in biology lessons. In her project, the schoolgirl pays attention to both the external structure of the stingrays and the peculiarities of their movement and lifestyle. Her attention was drawn to fish resembling ...

Marine fish - presentation

The presentation will introduce you to marine fish, which are of great commercial value. In the development, which is replete with numerous pictures and attracts with interesting tests, there is enough good material for use in a biology lesson in grade 7. However, the manual can also be downloaded for elementary school students to show it when studying the topic in the lesson of the surrounding world ...

Mole - presentation

The presentation tells about the main mole rat - the mole. This amazing creature lives underground, never comes to the surface and feels great in the dark. Children know this character from the fairy tale "Thumbelina", but not many have seen him in reality. Now you can get more complete information about him from the multimedia tutorial, which ...

SPONGE TYPE

TEACHER OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY

MKOU BUTURLINOVSKAYA secondary school №4

BLACK T.M.,

YEAR 2014

History of the discovery of sponges

Zoologists still do not know exactly where, in what place of the animal kingdom to place the sponges. Sponges received the status of animal organisms only in 1825 ., and before that they, along with some other sedentary animals, were classified as zoophytes - semi-animals, semi-plants.

Ilya Mechnikov's theory
Ernst Heinrich Haeckel's theory

Ilya Mechnikov

Ernst Haeckel

Characteristic invertebrates

Two-layer animals:

Three-layer animals:

Ectoderm
Ectoderm

Ectoderm, Endoderm, Mesoderm
Ectoderm,
Endoderm,
Mesoderm

(outer layer),

(gives rise to muscle and connective tissue)

Endoderm
Endoderm

Radial and bilateral body symmetry

Representatives: flatworms, roundworms, annelids, arthropods, molluscs and echinoderms

(the tissue that forms the internal organs )

Radial symmetry of the body

Representatives: sponges and coelenterates e

Near 3 thousand species;
In the aquatic environment, there are freshwater and marine, attached, usually colonial, live in places with the current or in the zone of ebb and flow;
Solitary or colonial, having a calcareous (Lime) or silicon skeleton (Glass and Ordinary), sizes from 1mm (Glass) to 1m (Ordinary);
Predators and filter feeders;
Well developed passive protection in the form of needles, release of a repelling odor, poisonous substances to protect against enemies and immobilize animals (bacteria, protozoa)
Lack of true tissues and germ layers

Dimensions vary widely: from a few millimeters to one meter in height or more . A sponge taken out of water resembles a piece of raw liver and smells bad

Habitat .

Sponges are extremely common animals in the aquatic world of our planet. They are found in the icy water of the Arctic and Antarctic, and in the tropics, in salt and fresh water bodies.

But the species diversity of sponges most in the salty waters of warm latitudes, tropics and subtropics.

The shape of the body can be extremely variable, often resembling a glass or a bag. The color varies from bright yellow to dark brown.

The body of sponges consists of different types of cells.

But they do not form tissues. Each cell functions independently.

Outer layer the bodies of the sponges form cells that resemble the cells of the integumentary epithelium of other multicellular animals. Among the cells of the outer layer, there are those that have a pore. These pores begin the tubular system that penetrates the walls of the body. The openings of these tubules are surrounded by cells that can contract and close them. The tubules carry water with food particles to the inner cavity.

This cavity is usually lined with special cells with flagella, the base of which is surrounded by a membranous collar (Fig. 58, Such cells form the inner layer .

In many sponges, they are located inside the body walls, forming flagellar chambers. The work of the flagella ensures the movement of water through the tubule system and internally

Between the outer and inner layers of cells is intercellular substance, in which different types of cells are located. Some of them form the internal skeleton of the sponges.
Another type of cells - amoeboid. These cells, with the help of pseudopods, capture food particles that are digested in their

digestive vacuoles. Moving along the body of the sponge, amoeboid cells distribute nutrients.

1 - paragastric cavity,

3 - choanaocytes

(collar cells of the endoderm

Sponge structure

2 - mouth,

4 - ectoderm,

5 - needles of mineral

6 - channel.

The main types of structure of the aquifer system of sponges

leacon

ascon

sicon

Ascon

In a number of Calcareous sponges, an increase in the size of the flagellar chambers and a reduction in the system of inlet and outlet channels occurred. These sponges consist of a tube or branched tube system lined with choanocytes from the inside; the pores (ostia) open directly into the flagellar chambers. The aquifer is characteristic of only two genera - Leucosolenia and Clathrina .

Sicon

The formation of the sicon is caused by the proliferation of the mesochila and the invagination of the paragastric cavity sections into it, which form radial tubes. Choanocytes line only the flagellar tubes and disappear from other parts of the atrial cavity. The walls of the body of the sponge thicken, and the adduction canals are formed between the surface of the body and the flagellar tubes. The structure of the siconal type is characteristic of only a few species (for example, for Scypha and Grantia).

Leikon

The most complex type of structure. These are colonial sponges with numerous osculums. There are many skeletal elements in the thick layer of mesoglea. The body wall is penetrated by a network of channels connecting numerous flagellar chambers

CONCLUSIONS

The sponge feeds on those food particles that water brings. This is the simplest type of sponge structure - ascon ... But in most sponges, a thickening of the mesogley occurs and flagellate cells line the invaginations, cavities. This type of structure is called sicon , and when these cavities completely go inside the mesoglea and are connected by channels with the paragastric cavity - leacon .

Sponges, moreover, usually form colonies with many openings on the surface: in the form of crusts, lumps of lumps, bushes.

Fig 3.3. Development of limestone sponge

(according to Schulze):

1 - the embryo in the body of the maternal individual, large cells stuck inside the blastocoel cavity; 2 - free-swimming larva, large cells protruded again; 3 - invagination of small cells carrying flagella (gastrulation); 4 - attachment and beginning of larval metamorphosis.

In addition to asexual reproduction - budding, sponges also reproduce sexually. The way the larva develops is remarkable. From the ovum, a blastula develops, consisting of one layer of cells, and at one pole the cells are small and with flagella, on the other - large ones without flagella. First, large cells protrude inward (1), then protrude and the larva floats freely (2), then flagellate cells invaginate again, which become the inner layer (3).

The larva settles and turns into a young sponge (4).

The peculiarities of the embryonic development of sponges give reason to scientists to believe that in them the primary ectoderm (small flagellate cells) replaces the endoderm. There is a perversion of the embryonic layers. On this basis, zoologists give the name to the sponges - animals turned inside out (Enantiozoa). It is interesting that the larva of most sponges is a parenchymula, in structure almost completely corresponding to the hypothetical phagocytella of II Mechnikov. It has a surface layer of flagellate cells, under which the cells of the inner loose layer are located. It can be assumed that the phagocytella passed to sedentary life and in this way gave rise to the type of Sponge. Another feature is the amazing ability of the sponges to regenerate. Even when rubbed through a sieve and turned into a slurry consisting of cells or groups of cells, they are capable of restoring the body. If you rub two sponges through a sieve and mix these masses, then the cells of different animals will gather in two different sponges.

In nature, sponges are essential as biofilters. Settling in reservoirs with significant organic pollution, they participate in their biological treatment. The practical value of sponges is not great. In some southern countries, the fishery of toilet sponges with a horny skeleton is developed; a freshwater sponge is used in folk medicine. The sponges have practically no enemies, except for some sea stars. Others are frightened off not only by the spiky skeleton, but also by the sharp, specific smell of the substances they release. These substances are toxic to many animals. But on the other hand, sponges in cavities and voids have many lodgers and parasites - small crustaceans, worms, mollusks living under their protection.

** Task 3.1. Add captions to the figure and answer the questions:

Figure 3.4. Sponge structure (according to Pfurtscheller).

Some sponges are green in color. Why? ________________ _______________________________

How many sponges are in the picture? ________

What cells are typical for sponges? _______________________________

What type of nervous system does sponges have?

__________________________________

1. ______________

2. ______________

3. ______________

4. ______________

5. ______________

6. ______________

7. ______________

8. ______________

Task 3.2.

Put in tests + against correct, or - against erroneous statements:

APPEARANCE OF MULTI-CELLULAR ANIMALS. SPONGES.

Test 1. Is it true that with an increase in size, through a large surface, heat transfer in homeothermal organisms becomes easier?

Test 2. Is it true that with a decrease in size through a large relative surface, the elimination of waste products in unicellular organisms becomes easier?

Test 3. The radius of the ball has doubled. How will the surface of the ball change?

The surface will double. ()

The surface will quadruple. ()

The surface will increase six times. ()

The surface will increase eightfold. ()

Test 4. The radius of the ball has doubled. How will the volume of the ball change?

The volume will double. ()

The volume will quadruple. ()

The volume will increase sixfold. ()

The volume will increase eightfold. ()

Test 5. What theory of the origin of multicellular animals was proposed by E. Haeckel?

Gastria theory. ()

Phagocytella theory. ()

Test 6. What theory of the origin of multicellular animals was proposed by II Mechnikov?

Gastria theory. ()

Phagocytella theory. ()

Test 7. What organism is not a multicellular animal?

Trichoplax. ()

Volvox. ()

Badyaga. ()

Test 8. There are small flagellate chambers in the mesoglea of \u200b\u200bthe sponge, and the paragastric (internal) cavity is expelled by the ectoderm. What is the name of this type of sponge?

Leikon. ()

Test 9. How do adult sponges move?

They crawl very slowly. ()

They can swim by throwing water out of the mouth. ()

Forming gas vacuoles in the mesoglea. ()

Immobile. ()

** Test 10. What sponge, which contains a pair of crustaceans, is customary to give in Japan for a wedding as a symbol of eternal fidelity?

Sea orange. ()

Sea Cup. ()

Venus's basket. ()

Badyagu. ()

** Test 11. What did the village coquettes use instead of blush?

Badyagu. ()

Holothurian. ()

Red corals. ()

Test 12. What is the name of the holes in the sponges through which water is discharged outside?

Estuary, osculum. ()

Oral opening. ()

** Task 3.3. Olympiad questions (no answers).

Why are cells microscopically small?

Basic theories of the origin of multicellular animals.

Task 3.4. Keywords and chapter concepts.

Find in the text and write down the definition or brief description the following terms. Try to remember them. Record the systematic position of the indicated animals.

**Blastula

** Gastrula

Intussusception

Mesoglea

Paragastric cavity

Parenchymula

Gastrea theory

Phagocytella theory

Trichoplax

Choanocytes

Skeleton

Ordinary sponges

The skeleton of the sponges develops in the mesoglea. It consists of a fibrillar collagen protein or organic matter spongin and millions of microscopic needles (spicules) formed by silica or carbonic lime Needles have a variety of shapes mu and sizes .

Lime sponges

Glass sponges

Sponge processes

Food

Breath .

Food

Highlighting .

Isolation of food debris

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Digestive vacuole

Symbiosis sponges

Spongicol shrimp

Live in sponges in pairs

Hermit Crab with Cork Sponge

Dromia crab uses a sponge

Snake-tails (ophiura)

Sea acorn, Balianus

in a sponge.

Two generations of goats, fathers and children. Bokoplavs.

REPRODUCTION OF SPONGES

SEXUAL

Budding

HEMMULES

REPRODUCTION OF SPONGES

Most sponges hermaphrodites ... Reproduction sexual and asexual. The kidneys that form on the body, as a rule, do not separate from the mother's body, which leads to the appearance of colonies of the most bizarre shape. In the sexual process, the sperm fertilizes the egg; a larva emerges from the egg, swimming for a while in the water, and then attaching itself to the bottom. Most sponges live from a few weeks to two years; horse sponge can live up to 50 years or more.

Reproduction of sponges

Larva

The sperm are released into the water and enter the body

other sponges where eggs are fertilized . .

Asexual reproduction by external budding

Reproduction of sponges

A different way of internal budding exists in the freshwater sponge badyagi. In summer, the badyaga reproduces by ordinary budding and sexually. But by autumn, in the mesoglea of \u200b\u200bthe badyagi, the formation of special globular clusters - gemmules - by amoeboid cells is observed. Gemmula is a multicellular mass surrounded by a membrane of two stratum corneum, between which there is an air layer with small silica needles, placed perpendicular to the surface of the gemmule. In winter, the body of the badyagi dies and disintegrates, and the gemmules fall to the bottom and, protected by their shell, remain until the next spring. Then the cellular mass contained inside the gemmule crawls out, attaches to the bottom and develops into a new sponge

Regeneration of sponges

Sponges have a very well-developed ability to tissue regeneration : even if the sponge is cut into pieces, a new sponge will grow out of each piece after a while.

Survival sponges

The ability of freshwater sponges to endure unfavorable living conditions is remarkable. Their gemmules are very well preserved even for several years. When a reservoir dries up completely, for example, they can be transported to other places in a variety of ways, including with the help of the wind or by attaching to the legs of birds. And if such gemmules get into the water, they give rise to a new settlement of sponges.

Gemmula sponges