Motorola history. Motorola mobile devices - history of development and state of the art. Motorola history
This brand is now trying to revive with the help of Chinese partners. Roughly the same thing happens with the no less legendary Motorola. Let's talk about it too.
Historical excursion
Motorola is a brand with a rich history. The Galvin brothers founded the company in 1928. At first they were engaged in the assembly of network rectifiers. In 1930, the Motorola car receiver appeared. A few more receivers followed, as well as cordless telephones and walkie-talkies.
In 1947, Galvin Manufacturing Corporation changed its name to Motorola. Well, the familiar logo in the form of the letter "M" appeared in 1955.
In 1956 the first pager saw the light, in 1963 - the first rectangular picture tube for TV, all under the Motorola brand. And even on spaceships Apollo installed Motorola equipment, without which the first communication between the Moon and the Earth in 1969 would not have taken place.
And the most important event for Motorola (and the world as a whole) took place in 1973 - the world's first mobile phone Motorola DynaTAC. The pipe went on sale only in 1984, before that several prototypes had been tested. The device weighed about a kilogram, was equipped with 12 keys and did not have a display. The phone worked in talk mode for about an hour, and charged for more than 10 hours.
It is curious that when creating the first "mobile phone" Motorola went "side by side" with Bell Laboratories. And she became the first, ahead of the competitor. DynaTAC creator Martin Cooper made the first ever call using cellular communication - where do you think? To the Bell Laboratories office - inform them that they have lost.
Photo - Motorola
For a long time, Motorola was one of the most renowned manufacturers mobile phones. It is worth remembering the hit models MicroTAC (first flip phone, 1989), StarTAC (first clamshell, 1996), MPx200 (affordable Windows Mobile smartphone, 2003), C350 (inexpensive handset with a color screen, 2004), E398 (folk "music phone", 2004), RAZR V3 (super-thin "clamshell", 2004).
Photo - Motorola
Actually, after the RAZR everything went downhill. The company started making boring clones on the same platform. And then came the iPhone, and with it the era of smartphones. The company's attempts to produce Linux and WM-based models were unsuccessful. In 2009, Motorola's Android smartphone, the Droid, was released. But he also got lost on the shelves.
In 2011, the loss-making mobile phone business Motorola was bought by Google for $ 12.5 billion. The high price was due to the value of Motorola's patent portfolio. And more "Google", it seems, did not need anything. Production capacity was reduced and in 2014 Motorola was resold to the Chinese company Lenovo for $ 2.91 billion (almost without patents).
Lenovo wanted more markets for the legendary brand. Well, promote your brand. Therefore, it was decided to abandon the name Motorola, leaving the colloquial version - Moto, Lenovo Moto. The Chinese in every possible way emphasize who owns the brand.
In the process of all the vicissitudes Motorola completely left many markets, including ours. Only in the summer of 2017 did the brand return to Russia (with Lenovo's help).
Inexpensive models
Now the company is officially shipping seven new smartphones to Russia.
C is a cheap series. Two simple pipes in plastic cases with 5-inch displays, 4-core processors and Android 7.0. Available in Moto C 3G with 8GB storage and Moto C LTE with 16GB. The C plus modification has a higher screen resolution (1280x720 versus 854x480), a better camera (8MP versus 5MP) and a more capacious battery (4000 versus 2350mAh).
Photo - Motorola
Moto C costs from 4000 rubles in the most affordable version, C plus - from 6000 rubles. The phones are available in vibrant colors - Star Black, Gold, Cherry Metallic, Pearl White.
E - more "advanced" line (fourth generation). Metal cases, pleasant to the touch, fingerprint scanners, Android 7.1.1. Moto E features a 5-inch screen (1280x720), 2 GB of RAM, an 8 megapixel camera and a 2800 mAh battery. The E Plus has a larger display - 5.5 inches, 3 GB random access memory, 13MP camera and an outstanding 5000mAh battery. And in addition to 16 GB, there is a version with 32 GB of flash memory.
Photo - Motorola
The younger Moto E costs from 7,500 rubles, the "plus" version - from 10,500 rubles.
G - even more "tasty" series (fifth generation), but still available. Consists of the G5S and G5S plus models in beautiful all-metal housings.
Moto G5S, photo - Motorola
The G5S has a 5.2-inch display (1920x1080) with Corning Gorilla Glass 3 protection, while the G5S Plus has a 5.5-inch screen. There is also a difference in chipsets, junior model - Snapdragon 430, the older one - Snapdragon 625. The camera of the G5S is 16 megapixels, and the G5S Plus is much more interesting due to the dual 13 megapixel module (photo with beautiful bokeh effect, 4K video). "Front cameras" are also different - 5 MP for the more affordable model, 8 MP with a wide-angle module - for the older one.
Moto G5S Plus, photo - Motorola
The volume of RAM for both handsets is 3 GB, flash memory is 32 GB, batteries are 3000 mAh (fast charging with TurboPower technology is supported). OS - Android 7.1 Nougat.
Moto G5s starts at 15,000 rubles, G5S Plus has not yet appeared on sale, but is expected this fall.
Flagships and modules for them
The top Moto lineup today is the Z2. It features two smartphones. The more accessible is Z2 Play, the most advanced is Z2 Force. The second, unfortunately, is not officially supplied to Russia and it is not known whether it will be - the company believes that it is too expensive. Well, the Play version, although good, can not be called a real flagship: 5.5-inch screen (1920x1080), 3,000 mAh battery, Qualcomm Snapdragon 626 chipset, 4 GB of "RAM", 64 GB of flash memory, 12 megapixel camera with laser autofocus and Dual Pixel technology for fast focusing. But the price is attractive - from 25,000 rubles.
Z2 Force, if it appears, will cost at least 50 thousand rubles. This garaaazdo device is more interesting. First off, ShatterShield's UNBATCHING screen is worth noting. Yes, Moto has solved one of the main problems of modern smartphones. Instead of glass, several layers of different materials are used, the display is not scratched or broken if dropped.
Image from Motorola website
Smartphone screen - 5.5-inch, AMOLED, resolution 2560x1440 pixels. The top chipset is Snapdragon 835, the amount of RAM is 4/6 GB, the storage is 64/128 GB. OS - Android 7.1.1 Nougat.
Photo - Motorola
The camera is dual, 12 megapixel modules provide a clear picture and portraits with a beautifully blurred background. Front camera - 5 megapixel with dual LED flash (you can take selfies even in complete darkness).
That's just the battery pumped up - only 2,730 mAh for the sake of a super-thin body.
Do you know what is MOST interesting about the Z2 series? These are the only modular smartphones on the world market. We are talking about MOTO Mods - accessories that are connected to the back "back" that expand the functionality of the smartphone. Accessories available now are insta-share projector, powerful JBL SoundBoost speakers, optional moto turbopower battery, 360-degree video camera, wireless charging rear panel, and more. There are even mods that turn the phone into a full-fledged gamepad and camera with 10x zoom. A module with a physical QWERTY keyboard will be released soon.
Photo - Motorola
Not to say that the idea of \u200b\u200bmodules is very practical and a killer feature, but they really make Moto smartphones stand out from the competition.
Accessories
Motorola / Lenovo don't give enough attention to accessories right now. And once the Moto 360 smartwatch became one of the first on the market with a round dial and set fashion for a long time.
The second generation Moto 360 2nd gen model is now on sale (from 25,000 rubles). Let it not be a novelty, but it has proven itself well. This is one of the most compact watches (available in two sizes), with a metal case, nice colors and a cool collection of interchangeable straps. Platform - Android Wear. The gadget is not afraid of splashing water, it is equipped with a pulse sensor, it works for 2-3 days on a single charge.
Photo - Motorola
Manufacturer Motorola
Motorola Inc. is a world renowned leader in integrated telecommunications and electronic systems built-in type. The company is named on the Fortune 100 list as the largest American firm. The firm's general office is located in the American city of Schaumburg, which is located near Chicago. Motorola was founded as a family business in 1928 by the Galvin brothers and was called Galvin Manufacturing. Galvin Manufacturing Corporation received its new name in 1947, and since then has been known as Motorola, because that was the name of its most successful brand.In 1956, Motorola created the pager, the first device of its kind in the world to receive messages addressed only to it. The first users of pagers were managers and employees of medical institutions. Later, pagers became available to everyone who wanted to be available at any time, their popularity increased dramatically.
Motorola - the discoverer modern systems cellular communication: she owns the invention of the world's first portable cell phone - the commercial model Motorola DynaTAC 8000X was born in March 1983.
In addition to cell phones, Motorola produces modems for cable TV networks, chargers for household batteries, and creates WiMAX network equipment.
* country of origin means the country in which the brand was founded and the headquarters is based
The site reviewer studied the history of Motorola, which began as a leader in electronics and telecommunications, introduced many innovations, but due to miscalculations of the management lost its position and was divided into Motorola Solutions and Motorola Mobility.
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Motorola has practically ceased to exist independently: one part of it is now part of Lenovo, while the other, specializing in telecommunications, is actively selling its divisions. Nevertheless, the influence of Motorola on the development of the industry can hardly be overestimated. The company has pioneered a ton of innovations, from car radios to mobile communications. Motorola owes much of its initial success to its founder and longtime CEO Paul Galvin.
The early years of Paul Galvin. Establishment of Galvin Manufacturing
The future founder of the company was born in 1895 in Harvard. Since childhood, Paul tried to earn money in various ways, including selling sandwiches and ice cream. There is information that Galvin did this at the station without a license, so he had to hide from the authorities. True, in the end, the station manager put up with the enterprising boy, and Paul continued to do his business.
In 1914, Galvin served in the army as an artilleryman. There is information that he participated in the First World War as part of the US forces. Upon his return, Galvin graduated from the Faculty of Technology in Illinois, and during his studies he was a member of the student fraternity Phi Kappa Theta. According to one version, training preceded military service.
In 1920, Paul found a job at a Chicago battery factory. Most researchers believe that Paul was not interested in working for hire - he was more attracted to the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating own business... A year later, he, together with a school friend, created a company that produces batteries and batteries. The firm existed for only two years, after which it was closed by the government due to large tax evasion.
After the first failure, Galvin did not give up, and three years later he began to build the same business with the same friend. The company also closed this time: it simply could not withstand the competition in the developing electricity market. The business lasted no longer than two years.
But this did not stop Galvin: he went to an auction, where the property of his company was being sold, and for $ 750 he bought equipment for the production of network power supplies. In addition, Paul was left with the development of his friend - a current rectifier that allows the radio to operate on the mains.
Paul Galvin (left) and Joseph Galvin
A large-scale reorganization began again. In 2007, the master of hostile takeovers, Karl Icahn, became one of the shareholders. He and Zander in a corporate war, which he could not win, and in 2008 he resigned from. In parallel, Icahn promoted the idea of \u200b\u200bdividing the company and selling the unprofitable mobile division.
The company continued to collapse, along the way confirming the existence of a crisis of ideas. She released several more phones that aroused some interest among the audience, but this did not help: in 2008, the company's losses amounted to a record $ 4.16 billion. A year later, this figure dropped to $ 51 million, largely due to other divisions of the company.
After lengthy disputes, the company was split in 2011. Motorola Mobility was acquired by Google for $ 12.5 billion, and three years later it was bought by Lenovo for $ 2.9 billion. The second part - Motorola Solutions - deals with telecommunications and from time to time sells its divisions to other companies. In 2015, its profit was $ 610 million, which is half of what it was in 2014.
So the Motorola story ended. The company that gave the world more than one invention lost the competition due to a lack of understanding of the market and the changing needs of the audience. Even the success of the RAZR v3 became a temporary phenomenon, from which management tried to squeeze the maximum. As a result, Motorola was ousted from the market by competitors, among which was a recent ally - Apple. Remaining from Motorola Solutions is trying to regain its former greatness, but without much success.
Write a messageMotorola has been in business for almost ninety years. During this time, she developed a lot of innovative technologies, including the first commercial cable TV network, produced televisions and computers, radios and cordless phones, smartphones and smart watches. The company's processors were used in Apple Macintosh and Palm PDAs, and transponders flew into space on Soyuz - Apollo.
In 1928, brothers Paul and Joseph Galvin bought the equipment to manufacture adapters that allow battery-powered receivers to be connected to the mains. The equipment at auction cost $ 750. At first, the company employed only five people, and the start-up capital was $ 565. Translated into 2016 dollars, that's $ 8,100.
The production of such adapters turned out to be a disastrous business and only brought the company money for two years. The new radios were able to work from the network right out of the box, without any "modifications" and additional devices. But Paul Galvin found out that craftsmen were beginning to install radios in cars and challenged his engineers.
Radio
Paul Galvin demonstrated a working model of a car radio in 1930 at a Radio Manufacturers Association convention. Galvin returned from a convention in Atlantis City with orders that saved the young company from bankruptcy.The radio received the name Motorola, where “motor” is “motorcar”, and “ola” is taken from the names of victrol, radio, and means sound. Something like "sound in motion." The first Motorola was installed in a Studebaker car. In 1947, the company changed its name from Galvin Manufacturing Corporation to Motorola, four years after it went public.
In November 1930, the company began selling car radios to police stations. Many of the company's products are related to radio - this is an adapter for radio from batteries to the network, radio receivers for cars, walkie-talkies, equipment for cellular communications, mobile.
In 1955, a few years after Motorola's Arizona research facility opened, the company introduced the first mass-market germanium transistors. IN next year the company released a radio for cars on these transistors, smaller, more energy efficient, more durable than previous models.
Working in this direction, in 1960, Motorola introduced the Mesa silicon transistor, one of the smallest transistors available at the time. And then it started producing pocket radios with transistors.
Walkie-talkies and radiotelephones
American economists in 1962 calculated that Motorola ranks 94th among the American companies that made the greatest contribution to the victory over Germany in World War II.One of the important contributions was the 1940 Handie-Talkie SCR536. This device weighed 5.5 kilograms, worked for 15 hours on a single charge of two batteries and caught a signal within a radius of 1.6 km.
The SCR300 radio was an advanced version of the SCR536 Handie-Talkie. One person carried a backpack with an antenna, while the other could talk on a regular tube. With a wire, of course. Here you can remember the movie "Saving Private Ryan", in which this particular radio was on the back of one of the heroes.
The range of the radio is up to 32 kilometers.
In 1946, Motorola began equipping automobiles with cordless telephones. The inhabitants of Chicago were the first to test this achievement of civilization. This was one of the important steps on the path of mankind to ubiquitous mobile communication, but at this stage it became just an experiment. Due to the small number of telephone numbers, the communication system quickly reached its limit.
In 1965, Motorola designed and manufactured cassette players for the Ford Motor Company for the automotive market.
The first words from the Moon on Earth in 1969 were heard thanks to a Motorola-developed transmitter. And in 1975, Motorola transponders flew into space on the Soyuz-Apollo mission.
Television and television
In 1957, Motorola developed and launched the world's first experimental Pay TV system. The Telemovies service allowed watching cable programs. The service worked in one of the cities of Oklahoma, USA. And the first subscriber got Motorola TV.But the company started working with TVs and television even earlier. In 1947, she released the first Golden View TVs. The company sold 100,000 tabletop VT71 models in one year.
Jerrold Electronics, which will become a Motorola division in the future, built the first coaxial cable television system in the eastern United States.
As a result, by 1954, 70% of Motorola's sales were televisions, as well as home and car radios.
This is the Astronaut TV portable TV case. Stylish, trendy, youthful and 19-inch.
Motorola made one of the first remotes remote control for TV - Transituner. The children stopped running and changing channels at the direction of their grandparents.
How about a TV that can be easily serviced thanks to the electronics hidden in the drawer? This is the Quasar TV series. American actress Raquel Welch starred in TV commercials.
In 1994, Motorola's CableComm interactive system was introduced, which allowed cable subscribers to make calls and surf the Internet at high speed using a cable television system.
Pagers
In 1956, Motorola introduced the Handie-Talkie, a pager for hospital staff. Several hundred people could work in one system. Instead of announcing the name of the doctor to the entire hospital, now the operator communicated the necessary information directly to his ear.
The Bravo pager line appeared in 1986.
Motorola pager ad from 1995. As it is already clear, Motorola occupied a key place in the history of the creation and development of this communication device. By the way, pagers are still alive - they are used by doctors, firefighters and the military. Think of House Doctor and Clinic.
In 1995, the first two-way pager came out. With a device called the Tango, users could receive a message and send one of the standard responses.
Telephones
In 1973, Motorola introduced the prototype DynaTAC, a cellular communication system. The key element of the system is the cordless telephone.
To keep the driver's hands free while driving, Motorola introduced the hands-free system in 1983. Now there was no need to hold the receiver to your ear.
In 1983, the DynaTAC phone received US Communications Commission approval. And in 1984 the first buyers of this 800 gram pipe appeared.
On October 13, 1983, the first commercial cell phone call was made to the Motorola DynaTAC. The first cell phone call ever came a decade earlier, when Motorola employee Martin Cooper called AT&T to please competitors with his success. DynaTAC phones were manufactured from 1984 to 1994.
DynaTAC was followed by MicroTAC in 1989, at that time the smallest and smartest gadget of its kind on the market. Here's a 1992 ad that shows how ordinary tubes affect a person's face.
In 1991, Motorola in Hannover, Germany, presented the first working prototype of a cellular system and GSM cell phones - the Global System for Mobile Communications. The services of this standard introduced call forwarding, call barring, waiting, call hold and global roaming in 1991.
In this image, Siemens is on the left, Motorola is on the right.
In 1996, Motorola released the StarTAC phone - both name and design inspired by the cult Star Trek TV series. This is the world's first clamshell. And this phone only weighed 88 grams.
By 2000, the era of GPRS - General Packet Radio Service began. And it started from the UK, where it was introduced thanks to the joint work of Motorola and Cisco Systems. Motorola continued to actively develop and produce various devicessome of which we can remember from childhood.
One of the best-selling clamshells in the world was the Motorola RAZR V3, with 130 million units sold. In 2004, this device was distinguished from competitors by its design, a very thin body, a backlit keyboard made of a metal plate. The gadget weighed 95 grams, had a 2.2-inch screen with a resolution of 176x220 pixels with more than 262 thousand colors and an external display of a smaller size of 96x80 pixels. The camera of the device could shoot with a resolution of 640x480 pixels. This iconic phone for the company
Computers
In 1984, Motorola introduced the MC68020, a 32-bit microprocessor with 200,000 transistors on a 3/8 inch chip.The processor was used in Apple Macintosh II, Macintosh LC computers, Sun 3 workstations, Commodore Amiga 1200, and HP computers. Also, using this processor, the Sinclair QL computer was improved.
In 2000, the company managed to experiment with transformers in the form of laptops running on smartphones. Motorola Atrix 4G unveiled at CES 2011,. And not because it was a smartphone, but precisely because of the docking station in the form of a laptop.
Notebooks were also released under the Motorola brand. For example, Motorola ML 800 Series for US government services. The laptop weighed 2.5 kg, worked on a single charge up to 3.5 hours, had a 10.4-inch screen with a resolution of 1024x768 pixels. The display was touch-sensitive. Operating system - Windows 2000 or XP. Processors - Intel Mobile Pentium III 700 MHz or Celeron 500 MHz.
PDAs and smartphones
Motorola's history in the smartphone market begins with the development of a microcontroller with Freescale Semiconductor, a low-power, multifunctional microcircuit designed specifically for handheld computers. The processor was made in 1995, and began to be used in early versions of Palm Computing.
In 2000, 2000 Motorola Accompli A6188 was released in China. This monochrome touchscreen phone supported Chinese handwriting recognition. The gadget had an organizer, an English-Chinese dictionary and the ability to access the Internet.
In 2006, the Moto Q smartphone with a qwerty keyboard appeared on the market. The device ran on Windows Mobile 5.0, had a 320x240 pixel color display and a 1.3-megapixel camera.
Released in Asia in 2006, the MING Smart Phone supported handwriting input of up to 10,000 Chinese characters.
In the 2000s, Motorola Corporation began to suffer losses, and therefore decided to get rid of inefficient divisions. The company was split into Motorola Solutions, which took most of the intellectual property and assets, and Motorola Mobility. Google bought its mobile division for $ 12.5 billion. Google's plans were to start firing 4,000 people, leaving the Chinese and Indian markets, closing several R&D departments and a third of Motorola offices around the world. Google planned to abandon the budget segment of smartphones and produce only mid-end / hi-end gadgets, reduce the range of devices, optimize component costs and use Motorola's developments in the field of telecommunications and the use of capacious batteries.
In early 2014, Google announced it was selling its Motorola Mobility division to Lenovo for $ 2.91 billion, along with 2,000 patents. At the same time, Google still has 15 thousand Motorola patents. Some analysts believe that patents were Google's target.
Lenovo has shortened the name to Moto and launched a new line of smartphones. The top smartphone in Russia is Moto X Force with an unbreakable pOLED screen with a resolution of 1440x2560, built on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 810 2GHz processor, with 3 GB of RAM and 32 GB of permanent memory and a 3760 mAh battery.
Moto continues to release the Moto 360 smartwatch. It is currently one of the best Android Wear smartwatches on the market. They are produced in two display calibers - 42 and 46 mm, and in the 42-mm version there are two strap width options for women and men. The screen is protected by Gorilla Glass 3.
In advertising for mechanical watches, the hands show the time at 10:10 so as not to cover the logo and other elements of the watch. There is also a tradition in advertising for Motorola phones - showing 11:35. At that moment, the first call was made on the cellular DynaTAC. But on recent devices like the Moto Z Force, the time has already been changed to 12:36.
Lenovo lost market share in China's smartphones in 2015, selling 3.4 million devices, up from 10.2 million in 2014. But the Chinese company entered the top five by the end of 2015 largest manufacturersconsidering the Moto phones sold. The company seeks to restore its former glory to the famous brand, while associating it with Lenovo.
Motorola
Established: 1928
Country: USA
Motorola history
The evolution of Motorola and the changes in the nature of its products reflect the impact of the electronics industry on many aspects of life in the twentieth century.
1928 Paul W. Galvin (1895-1959) and his brother Joseph E. Galvin (1899-1944) buy the
the AC rectifier business owned by the bankrupt Stuart Storege Battery Company in Chicago, Illinois. On September 25, 1928, they found the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation.
1928 Galvin Manufacturing Corporation - rents premises at 847 West Harrison Street, Chicago. There are five employees, and the first week's payroll is $ 63. The corporation's assets include $ 565 in cash, $ 750 worth of equipment, and a "battery replacement" (rectifier) \u200b\u200bdesign, the company's first product.
1930 Net sales of $ 287,256.
1930 Galvin Manufacturing Corporation produces the first practical and affordable car radio. Paul Galvin comes up with the Motorola name for new products companies, combining in it the concepts of "movement" and "radio".
1936 The Polis Cruiser, an AM radio tuned to a single frequency to receive police messages, represents the first attempt at Motorola's entry into the new field of radio communications.
1937 A new series of household radios is announced. More than half of American families already own radios. Motorola aims to provide them with the other half.
1940 Net sales of 9,936,558 dollars. The number of employees is 985 people.
1940 Daniel Noble (1902-1980), a pioneer in FM radio and semiconductor technology, joins Motorola as Research Director. A communications department is created. In 1941, a subsidiary corporation is organized, responsible for the sale of Motorola Communications and Electronics Incorporated products.
1940 Motorola develops the first hand-portable radio transceiver for the US Army Signal Corps. Walkie talkie with amplitude modulation "Handy-Toki" turns into one of the symbols of the Second World War.
1941 In Bowling Green, Kentucky, Motorola's first comprehensive AM modulation police radio transceiver system is installed. Motorola introduces the first commercial series of FM radio transceivers.
1943 The first portable FM radio "walkie-talkie", which fits in a backpack, was developed at Motorola by Dan Noble. When worn in the hand, the Handy Toki plays a vital role in communication on battlefields throughout Europe and the South Pacific during World War II.
1947 Motorola's trademark is already so well known that the company's name, Galvin Manufacturing Corporation, is changed to Motorola Incorporated.
1948 Motorola's first product in the television business is the $ 179 Golden View VT71 TV, the first TV to be priced below $ 200.
1949 With the Dispatcher series of FM radio transceivers, the company took advantage of the expansion of the frequency range allocated to a rapidly growing number of industrial and commercial users.
1949 Daniel Noble opens the Motorola R&D facility in Phoenix, Arizona. Anticipating the enormous potential of the newly invented transistors, he is helping Motorola become one of the world's largest semiconductor manufacturers.
1950 Net sales - $ 177,104,669. Number of employees - 9325 people.
1955 Motorola accepts new logo company in the shape of the letter M, reminiscent of a bat.
1956 Motorola's first consumer product assembled using transistors was a car radio. It is more compact and more durable than its predecessors, and also uses less energy from the car's battery.
1956 Another radio communication device - a compact radio receiver called a "pager" makes it possible to transmit radio messages selectively to a specific person who carries it with him. Among the first, pagers are adopted by hospitals.
1956 Robert W. Galvin is named President of Motorola Incorporated. Paul W. Galvin is elected Chairman of the Board and becomes Chief Administrator.
1956 Where previously Motorola manufactured transistors and semiconductors exclusively for use in its own radios, televisions and other communications equipment, the company now becomes a commercial manufacturer and supplier of semiconductors for sale to other manufacturers. The Semiconductor Products Division is established.
1959 Motorola introduces Motrack, the first two-way mobile radio with an all-transistor power supply and receiver. Low power consumption allows you to use it without turning on the car engine. Although Motrak costs twice as much as its predecessors, it sells well.
1959 The X-11 Portable Pocket Radio is Motorola's first all-transistor radio.
1960 Net sales of $ 299,065,922. Employees 14,740.
1961 With the development of a variety of low-cost silicon rectifier technologies for automotive synchronous alternators, the synchronous alternator becomes an economical replacement for the less durable alternator. The Automotive Division begins production of synchronous generators, thus establishing the company as a supplier of under-hood electronics.
1962 In flight to Venus, the Mariner 2 spacecraft used a Motorola repeater to provide radio communications at a distance of 54 million miles (87 million km).
1962 Motorola introduces the HT-200 FM, all-transistor handheld transceiver radio station Handy-Toki. The 33 ounce (936 g) walkie-talkie has been called "brick" for its shape and robust construction.
1964 As a joint development with National Video, Motorola creates the first rectangular CRT tube for color televisions. This CRT is fast becoming the industry standard.
1965 As the cost of manufacturing semiconductors declines, their use in consumer electronics expands, creating a large market. Motorola responds with a full range of cheap plastic transistors. The design of these devices is ultimately adopted by the entire semiconductor industry.
1967 A circle is added to the company logo.
1967 Motorola introduces the Quasar series of color televisions, America's first fully transistor-assembled color televisions. They are designed to be easy to repair, a feature highlighted in the "Works in a Drawer" trademark.
1967-1978 Motorola expands its international operations with businesses in many countries, including Australia, England, Mexico and Puerto Rico. In France and Japan, joint ventures for the production of automotive and other products are being created.
1969 Astronaut Neil Armstrong's first words on the moon are transmitted to Earth through a repeater designed and manufactured by Motorola's Government Electronics Division.
1969 The new FM walkie-talkie released by Motorola is half the size and lighter than its predecessor, the NT-200. This new model, the NT-220 Handy-Toki, is based on the use of two specially designed integrated circuits, replacing a total of 51 independent parts.
1970 Net sales $ 796,418,521 Employees 36,000.
1971 Motorola radio is installed on the Rover lunar rover to provide voice communication at a distance of 240 thousand miles (386 thousand km) between the Earth and the Moon. This receiver is a hundred times more sensitive than a conventional car radio, and weighs only one and a half pounds (680 g).
1974 Motorola begins production of its first microprocessor, the 6800. Among the first buyers are companies in the automotive, communications, industrial and office equipment sectors. 1974 Motorola's consumer TV businesses, including the famous Quasar brand, are sold.
1976 Motorola opens its 325-acre international headquarters in Shamburg, on the outskirts of Chicago, Illinois.
1977 An experimental radiotelephone system called "cellular" is tested by analogy with "cells" - the layout of base stations.
1978 Motorola introduces a series of computer-controlled radio systems and trunking-based communications devices. The trunking method allows operators to efficiently use congested parts of the range.
1979 Motorola introduces its first 16-bit microprocessor, the 68000. With a speed of up to 2 million operations per second, it can be used to run programs in scientific development, data processing and business.
1979 The overall quality of Motorola's products and operations is reviewed in detail at a meeting officials corporations. By the mid-1980s, a company-wide quality improvement program was launched.
1980 Net sales $ 3,098,763,000. Employees 71,500.
1980 Voyager I photographs of Saturn. Data sent to Earth over a billion miles away. Motorola equipment installed on Voyager I and II is the primary means of communication with the Earth.
1980 Electronic components for the automotive industry become one of the priority markets for Motorola microprocessors. Fuel-efficient electronic engine control modules are manufactured for Ford, General Motors and Chrysler.
1983 After many years of development, the first DynaTAC cellular system is launched. 1984 Motorola creates the first 32-bit microprocessor, the MC68020, with 200,000 transistors providing up to 1 billion bits of memory access. Also released microcontroller MC68HC11.
1984 Motorola creates the first 32-bit microprocessor, the MC68020, with 200,000 transistors providing up to 1 billion bits of memory access. Also released microcontroller MC68HC11.
1985 Signed contracts for the provision of cellular systems for New York, Philadelphia, Beijing and Hong Kong, as well as to expand the configuration of systems in the UK, Scandinavia and Japan. Cellular Group and Motorola Computer Systems merge to form General Systems Group.
1986 Motorola invests over $ 40 million in employee education.
Training Division and Educational Programs (Motorola Training and Education Center - MTEC) becomes the central body and is located in the new Galvin Center for Continuing Education. In 1990 MTEC becomes Motorola University.
1987 Motorola launches its latest car radio. New products include instrumentation for passenger cars and trucksas well as on-board computers.
1988 Motorola wins the first Malcom Baldrige National Quality Award, initiated by the US Congress to support american business in pursuit of product quality.
1989 Launched the smallest and lightest cellular telephone MicroTAC.
1990 Net sales $ 10,885,000,000 Employees 105,000.
1990 Government Electronic Products Division supplies radio equipment for Galileo, Magellan and Hubble Space telescopes.
1991 Development of a satellite communication system continues, which will provide the ability to connect a subscriber anywhere in the world. The Iridium system is made up of small LEO satellites linked into a single network.
1991 Exhibitions at the new Motorola Electronics Museum highlight the close relationship between Motorola's evolution and the electronics industry
1993 The new Power PC microprocessor, co-developed by Apple Computer, IBM and Motorola, uses Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) technology to increase operating speed.
1993 Annual demand for pagers in China rises to nearly 4 million. Motorola makes pagers in China, India, Japan, Singapore and South Korea, as well as in Europe and the Americas.
1994 The Messaging, Information and Media Sector (MIMS) begins developing technologies and markets for non-voice wireless communications and multimedia products.
1994 The company employs 33,000 people in the Asia Pacific region.
1995 Integrated Dispatch Enhanced Network (iDEN) combines wireless data delivery and messaging technologies.
199 6 The StarTAC Handset is the smallest and lightest satellite phone in the world.
1996 Motorola announces the creation satellite communications M-Star for global transmission of voice, video and high speed data.
1996 Radio Forte having software for handwriting recognition and two-way radio function, receives the Industrial Design Award for Communication Equipment.
1997 Christopher Galvin, grandson of founder Paul Galvin, appointed Director of Motorola
1998 Motorola redesigns its communications business to allocate resources efficiently and respond quickly and appropriately to consumer expectations.
1999 Launched the smallest and lightest cell phone, v3688.
2000 The world's first commercial cell phone to support GPRS technology was the MOTOROLA Timeport P7389i. In 2000, it was discontinued and replaced by the more advanced MOTOROLA Timeport 260.
2000 Launched iRadio ™ Telematics Systems. Java-based software platform for motorists allows you to connect to customized local services, quickly receive almost any information about the location of the vehicle and the shortest route to a specified location, listen to music of your choice, do e-commerce and use e-mail ... And all this - thanks to the latest electronic devices with speech recognition and some other features - right in the car, without being distracted from control.
2001 The Motorola V100 Personal Communicator is released - a mobile organizer and a mobile terminal in one device.
2002 Motorola launched the most innovative and expressive mobile phone ever, the Motorola V70. Small, lightweight and sophisticatedly stylish phone. Interchangeable metal display rings, blue keyboard backlighting together with an expanded set of features will make even the most progressive young people stand out from the crowd. This apparatus is simply gorgeous and superbly simple!