The cheapest helicopter in the world. Light multipurpose helicopter "Aktai". Purpose and scope of the Afalina helicopter

Designed to transport people, weapons and their use. They have serious booking, high speed. But they are not suitable for civilian purposes: they are too large, expensive and difficult to manage and operate. Even during the Cold War, foreign manufacturers began to create light helicopters, in Russia this business went with some lag.

Development of light helicopters in Russia

Domestic companies are inferior to foreigners in the field of creating light helicopters. But the Russian Helicopters holding does not agree with this position and is taking active steps to change. The Ka-226 military light helicopter, which was developed for India, was converted into a civilian one, and the first orders for the Ka-226T have already been completed. The takeoff weight of such a machine is 3600 kg. Gazpromavia has ordered 18 vehicles to patrol the gas network. They requested a separate modification of the Ka-226TG for flights in complex climatic conditions Ka-226TG can fly in the dark and in fog, which increases the flight range without refueling.

There is a plant in Tomilino with a capacity of up to 20 cars per year. Configured to launch the AW139, a 6.4 tonne helicopter designed to carry passengers. It is planned in the future to supply such helicopters throughout Russia and the CIS countries.

Also, Russian Helicopters continues active cooperation with AgustaWestland, which contributes to the development of helicopter manufacturing. Light helicopters of the world will not remain without the Russian flag in their ranks.

Ansat

Partnership with foreign companies - this is good, but I would like to have my own lungs russian helicopters... One of them is "Ansat" (translated from Tatar as "simple"). This is a light multipurpose helicopter designed and assembled at OJSC Kazan Helicopter Plant.

The first Ansat was launched in 1999. Despite the name, the history of its development is not so simple. This is the first helicopter in Russia equipped with an electro-remote control system. After the release into the series, the car was supplied to the Ministry of Defense and in South Korea, it was there that the accident occurred, which led to the death of the pilot. The reason was recognized as EDSU. After that, the designers carried out work to improve this system, the civilian version was released with a hydromechanical control system - "Ansat-1M". The police and forestry services continue to use Ansat for their own needs. And for Korea, a special modification of the Ansat-K, that is, Korean, was released.

The helicopter has two turboshaft engines and a maximum take-off weight of 3.3 tons, with a dead weight of 1-1.3 tons, it can carry 9 people. To facilitate the construction, modern technologies and materials, including composite ones, were used. Despite all the difficulties, by 2018 the Ministry of Defense plans to purchase up to 40 such helicopters with an average cost of 101.4 million rubles.

However, there is not only a military, but also a passenger, transport, administrative version, for rescuers, doctors and training flights. It's full-fledged lightweight multipurpose helicopter.

"Golden eagle"

IN last years Among the suppliers, the American company Robinson Helicopter is leading, but the domestic company Berkut Aero LLC is going to move the leader with its brainchild. Due to the use of modern technologies and materials, other design solutions, the light multipurpose Berkut helicopter is 2 times cheaper than its foreign counterparts. The Togliatti plant has the capacity to produce 15 helicopters per month.

It is available in two trim levels with different 147 hp engines. and 150 hp, has two rotors. This solution allows to reduce the diameter of the propellers and the overall length of the machine due to the absence of a tail rotor. Although the coaxial helicopter is easier to control and more resistant to bad weather, its center of gravity is shifted upward and the vehicle height is increased.

The flight range of the Russian Berkut VL is 600 km, and that of the Berkut VL-M is 850 km. Takes off at a speed The ceiling of the aircraft's flight is 3000 m. The mass of an empty helicopter is below half a tone (this is the lightest helicopter in Russia), and the developed speed is up to 170 km / h. It can be used for both civilian and rescue purposes and for patrolling territories.

Helicopter for extreme entertainment

There are helicopters that seem to be created only for entertainment. These are the lightest helicopters in the world. This is exactly the idea behind AirScooter II. It is the lightest single-seat helicopter made of high-strength materials.

They tried to make it as simple and understandable as possible to operate. It has two coaxial propellers that rotate in different directions and are responsible for lifting and maneuvering. Instead of a chassis or runners, two floats are used, which allow a safe landing on water and on land.

A four-stroke engine has been developed especially for the AirScooter II. To the right of the pilot is fuel tank 18.9 liters, which allows you to fly up to 2 hours 15 meters above the ground. Despite the fact that this helicopter was created for extreme, it can be used for express mail delivery, patrolling and observation, and will also be of interest to hunters.

The lightest helicopter

Japanese GEN-H-4 is worth mentioning. it civil helicopter, which made its first flight back in 2000. It has the most simple design and control. In the design decisions, a coaxial scheme of screws was used, which are started by four small motors. According to the creators, according to the instructions, you can assemble it yourself in half an hour.

This flying baby has modest, but sufficient indicators for its size. Its carrying capacity is only 86 kg, the official height ceiling is 3000 m. Although it is simply scary to climb to such a height on it. A person weighing 79 kg will be able to fly on it for about an hour at a speed of 88 km / h, then refueling will be required. The structure itself weighs 70 kg - this is the lightest helicopter!

Jokingly, the GEN-H-4 is called the "flying stool". In fact, it is a chair with wheels, to which four two-stroke engines are attached and 4-meter blades on top. All engines work autonomously from each other, and failure of all at once is unlikely. This lightest helicopter can hold on to three and land on two. In any case, the kit includes a parachute.

Helicopter for the price of a car

In our age of high technologies, there is an idea to create a flying vehicle that will cost no more than a car, and learning on it will be simple. So far, only two devices have approached this line. The American AirScooter costs 50 thousand dollars, and the Japanese lightest helicopter GEN-H-4 - 30 thousand dollars, and a pilot can be trained in a few days.

In 1971, by decision of the Government, the OKB team was entrusted with the development of an ultralight single-seat helicopter in the interests of the USSR Armed Forces. Work on the project was headed by Deputy Chief Designer Sergei Nikolaevich Fomin. In accordance with terms of reference the helicopter had to be designed in such a way as to ensure its packing in a cylindrical shipping container with a diameter of not more than 500 mm.
This requirement was determined by the basing of the helicopter on both surface and submarine ships of the Navy and transportation to the place of operation via torpedo tubes. The helicopter must be brought from the transport state to the operational one by one person within 15 minutes.

And one more important requirement was put forward by the customer - long-term operation of the helicopter with full autonomy from the base.
These requirements immediately determined the concept of the helicopter's structural solution - it should be foldable, with a minimum number of detachable elements.
Were considered various layout solutions, studied the experience of the Americans, who in 1956-57. held a competition for single-seat helicopter designs.
As a result of a large amount of design and design work, the helicopter was made according to the "folding corner" scheme with the pilot's placement the same as on the Ka-10 helicopter. The helicopter was equipped with an air-cooled rotary piston engine and a wheeled landing gear with an elastic tail support.

The use of an air-cooled rotary piston engine running on automobile fuel solved many problems: the dimensions of the engine were reduced in comparison with a conventional piston engine; his work became more uniform; the level of vibration and noise has decreased; increased resistance to starting at low temperatures. In addition, the task of providing the helicopter with fuel and oils at a distance from the base was simplified. During the development process, a full-scale model of the helicopter was built, on which the main layout solutions and the design of the folding units and elements of the helicopter were worked out to the smallest detail at the level of working documentation.
In parallel with the layout, a prototype of the main module of the helicopter was created.
Structurally, the solution of the nodes of the folding elements of the helicopter was made according to the scheme of single-movable kinematic pairs. There were six such pairs that provided the process of folding or deploying the machine in an operational state.

Detachable structural elements were only 4 blades of coaxial rotor. Docking of the blades was carried out by a quick-release finger connection with a locking spring valve. The carrier system (with the exception of the blades) and the helicopter control system did not require any adjustment work after the helicopter was deployed to an operational state.

As a result of full-scale development of the helicopter design, it was possible to achieve that the time for bringing the helicopter from the transport position to the operational one by one person was less than 10 minutes.
The helicopter could not be brought to flight tests due to the lack of knowledge of the rotary piston engine.

Russia has developed a unique light multipurpose high-speed helicopter (MSV) with nice name "Afalina". The Russian development runs on ordinary motor gasoline and, according to the developers, has no world analogues. The helicopter was created by HeliWhale LLC from the city of Kemerovo. It is assumed that in 2016 the company will start serial production of this Afalina MCV. A light two-seater helicopter will be able to solve a wide range of tasks, including special tasks in the interests of the Ministry of Emergencies, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and other Russian structures.

For the first time, a new helicopter from Helivale was presented to the general public at the HeliRussia 2015 exhibition, which took place from May 21 to 23 in Moscow at the Crocus Expo exhibition center. According to RIA "", this light two-seater helicopter is currently undergoing a set of practical tests with the prospect of launching a serial model of the helicopter into commercial production in next year... At the exhibition, which took place in Moscow in May, a demonstration sample of the bottlenose dolphin was shown. Russian production in combination with technical solutions made it possible to significantly optimize the cost of one flight hour, which makes it possible to use this light helicopter to solve a wide range of various tasks, the developers of the rotorcraft note.

"Afalina" is a light two-seater single-engine helicopter, built on a twin-rotor coaxial scheme, with a tandem arrangement of pilots. Its aerodynamics are based on further development ABC concept (Advancing Blade Concept). The maximum speed of the small helicopter is 250 km / h (cruising speed is 210 km / h), and the maximum flight range is 750 km. The takeoff weight of the helicopter does not exceed 500 kg. At the same time, the aircraft at this point in time has the best flight performance in its class and meets all the main modern requests from consumers of such products. The high-speed capabilities of the helicopter and the increased size of its cockpit provide an additional level of comfort during its operation.

It should be noted that the Kemerovo helicopters have an unusual design. According to the owner of the HeliWhale company Yakov Kolesnik, in 2013 a patent was obtained for a control system for the coaxial main rotors of a high-speed helicopter. The use of a coaxial helicopter scheme assumes the absence of a propeller located on the rear axle. Coaxial helicopters have a slightly more complex structure, but their efficiency is also higher. The model was named "Bottlenose dolphin" in honor of the smartest species of dolphins among all cetaceans. In Russia, you can watch this smart and beautiful marine animal on the Black Sea.

At the moment, high-speed helicopters are an unfilled niche in the aircraft industry. The theoretical prerequisites for the creation of such machines were formulated back in the late 1970s. The first really high-speed samples of helicopters were tested in the 80s of the last century by Sikorsky Aircraft. However, in the future, work in this area was temporarily suspended. They were renewed only in 2006. Then the same company designed and built an experimental prototype of the Sikorsky X2 helicopter: it was a prototype of a high-speed coaxial helicopter with a pusher propeller, built on the basis of the S-69 helicopter. Already in 2010, this experimental machine managed to set a speed record for helicopters. Now helicopter concerns and manufacturers from Europe and Russia have joined the issue of creating high-speed helicopters in all classes.

Taking into account the development trends of the industry and the demands posed by the growing Russian aviation market, the designers of the Helivale company began work on the creation of a high-speed helicopter for general aviation. The main task in the creation of the helicopter was to ensure the availability of the machine and certain speed characteristics. When creating a model of the helicopter, the Kemerovo company used the experience of the world helicopter industry, innovative technical ideas, and also tried to take into account the needs of future customers of her car. According to the official website of the Helivale company, today light two-seater helicopters are widely used in the world, therefore, the company believes in the happy flying life of their offspring.

HeliWhale is owned by Kuzbass Capital Invest shareholder Yakov Kolesnik. At the same time, his brainchild, Yakov Kolesnik, opened a small plant for the production and repair of helicopters without financial support from the region and the state - he basically does not call it business. “Business is what makes money in the world today. We do not have such a commercial goal, and there will be none later. We are currently doing design work and we love it. We develop helicopters, and money can be earned on other things. My main task now is that the people who work with me here receive a normal wagesas in normal countries, so that such an activity is prestigious, ”Yakov Kolesnik noted in an interview with one of the Kemerovo publications. In his understanding, a normal salary is about 100 thousand rubles a month.

Kolesnik considers such remuneration for labor to be quite justified, since it is rather difficult to find specialists for the design and assembly of helicopters in Kemerovo. The chief designer of the Afalina light multipurpose high-speed helicopter is Mikhail Mamykin, a native of Novosibirsk, who worked for 15 years in Novosibirsk at the famous Chkalovsky aircraft factory (NAZ named after V.P. Chkalov). Specialists in plastic parts - from Kemerovo. They are headed by Maxim Ivlev, whom Yakov Kolesnik met back in school years in the aeromodelling circle and a few years ago with difficulty persuaded him to leave the field of automobile tuning in the aircraft industry. This is the kind of team that worked on a promising Russian novelty.

In addition to "Afalina", which has already been shown at the exhibition, there is also "Afalina Turbo". This helicopter will be able to develop a maximum speed of 300 km / h in the air. The estimated price of future rotary-wing aircraft is about 150 thousand dollars. “Many people ask us, where do we get spare parts for the helicopter? So, we don't take them anywhere, but made them ourselves. Nothing was stolen from anyone. In our project, the only foreign thing is that in our country they do not know how to do - this is the "engine" and electronics, that is, navigation equipment. Everything else - frames, fuselage, blades, seats - was invented and manufactured in Kemerovo, "Kolesnik told reporters.

MSV Afalina is the result of painstaking creative activity a team of like-minded people, people who are fanatically devoted to aviation. In just four years production roomwhich has grown from scratch here literally on a vacant lot, has turned into a full-fledged small, well-equipped and high-tech plant for the repair and production of light helicopters. In the near future, the company plans to establish serial production of helicopters and enter the Russian and international markets with a finished product. The Afalina helicopter can be useful for the needs of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, fuel and energy companies, medical aviation, for the needs of private and corporate clientsused for educational purposes.

In the backyard, Yakov Kolesnik equipped a helipad, from time to time helicopters of his friends land on it, who come to visit him. Kolesnik himself prefers a helicopter to a car for business trips around the region. The growth of interest in small aircraft in Kemerovo is so great that a private airfield was even opened in the regional center. Today you can learn to be a pilot at the Kemerovo flying club. The businessman Yakov Kolesnik himself believes that the use of modern life light helicopters are economically viable and safe. According to him, a trained pilot will be able to correctly direct the helicopter even if the engine fails. “Once my engine failed at an altitude of 200 meters and I landed in autorotation mode. After landing, he turned off all the electronics, listened to himself - no injuries, got out of the car and left. This is a normal situation, "Kolesnik said.

Design features

The engine on the Afalino uses the German Rotax 914 UL with 115 hp. The choice of the engine was due to the fact that the Rotax piston engines are distinguished by high economic performance, and also have a great resource of work. Such an engine is ten times cheaper. gas turbine engine small size and consumes a little fuel in cruise operation (up to 18-22 liters per hour). At the same time, the engine runs on ordinary automobile fuel - AI-95 gasoline, which is widely represented in Russia, and not on special aviation kerosene. Today data aircraft engines put on many aircraft... The engine has proven to be very reliable and has been certified in Europe.

The main gearbox is a proprietary development of the Kemerovo company. A two-stage gearbox is used. The first stage of the gearbox is a helical helical gear, the second stage is a double-flow bevel gear with a circular tooth. In the second stage of the gearbox, an oil temperature sensor, a chip alarm and a main rotor speed sensor were placed. The helicopter engine and the gearbox are interconnected by a transmission, which includes a damping elastic rubber clutch and an engagement clutch (in one unit).

The carrying system of the helicopter is coaxial synchronized propellers. The blades are made of carbon fiber, they are rigidly fixed in the bushings.

Helicopter fuselage: truss frame, welded from pipes (St20). The helicopter cockpit, tail boom and empennage of the machine are made of glass-carbon fiber. The location of the pilots in the cockpit is tandem, the helicopter controls are paired. To maintain the required temperature in the cockpit, there is a ventilation and air heating system on board.

The helicopter chassis is aluminum skid. For transporting the machine on the ground, the installation of removable wheels is provided, which allow just one person to transport the helicopter to its stationary base without any problems.

An interesting feature it is possible to install a high-speed parachute system MVEN "Cobra" -500 on a helicopter. This is a pyrotechnic system with forced opening of the parachute, which is able to save a load weighing up to 500 kg. Nowadays, it is becoming more and more obvious that the use of parachute rescue systems, which, in the event of an accident or an emergency situation, save the pilots along with the aircraft, is the most rational way to improve the safety of flights on ultralight aircraft. This is also proved by the statistics of successful applications of such rescue systems.

Purpose and scope of the Afalina helicopter

Today, all over the world, light two-seater helicopters have a fairly wide range of applications. These machines are mainly used for:
- education and training of helicopter pilots;
- aerial photography and observation of the terrain;
- police patrol;
- control of power lines and pipelines;
- transportation of medical personnel;
- transportation of individuals;
- administrative transportation;
- aerial agricultural work;
- work in the fishing industry;
- sports flights.

Flight performance of the Afalina helicopter:
Overall dimensions: length - 7.2 m (without blades), width - 1.85 m, height - 2.8 m, rotor diameter - 6 m.
The number of rotors is 2 (6 blades each).
Takeoff weight - 500 kg.
Construction weight - 270 kg.
Payload mass - 180 kg.
Powerplant - Rotax 914 UL (115 hp).
Fuel consumption - 18-22 l / h.
The maximum flight speed is 250 km / h.
Cruising flight speed - 200 km / h.
The maximum flight range is 750 km.
Static ceiling - 2000 m.

Sources of information:
http://heliwhale.ru (manufacturer)
http://www.arms-expo.ru/news/novye_razrabotki/rossiyskaya_afalina_mnogotselevogo_naznacheniya
http://biz.a42.ru/lenta/show/yakov-i-vertoletnaya-fabrika.html
"
http://lenta.ru/news/2015/05/12/helirussia

Hirobo Electric Corporation promises to launch a revolutionary vehicle - an electric single-seat mini-helicopter that can fly with a passenger at a speed of 100 km / h.

Fulfill the dream of a car that can fly, or a helicopter that fits in a backpack, and now and then no one is threatened famous companiesthat quickly disappear without ever being able to design anything practical. This time a serious helicopter corporation Hirobo, headquartered in Hiroshima, announced the creation of a compact aircraft. She demonstrated a prototype of this device.

The model of the future mini-helicopter was exhibited at the International Aerospace Exhibition in the Japanese city of Nagoya. According to Hirobo President Kotaro Matsuzaki, his company has invested 10 billion yen ($ 125 million) to make such vehicles used for personal flights.The main purpose of Hirobo mini-helicopters is called transportation in case of accidents and disasters. The company plans to produce two types of these helicopters: an unmanned one, worth 10 million yen ($ 125,000), and a single-seat one, worth 30 million yen ($ 375,000). Unmanned models can be used for the urgent transportation of materials such as human organs or blood.

Hirobo mini-helicopters will be able to accelerate to 100 km / h and fly without refueling for 30 minutes. They will be powered by an electric motor, which could make them useful for rescue operations. The quiet sound of the engine will allow the pilot to find people calling for help.Kotaro Matsuzaki expects to release mini-helicopters on sale in 2021 year ... The company fears legal rather than technical difficulties. Hirobo predicts that it will take two to four years to obtain permission to use mini-helicopters in Japan. The prospect of using mini-helicopters to save people is encouraging, but many are worried by the obvious fact that their use as urban transport poses a considerable threat to human life and infrastructure.

Currently, on the market you can find gasoline single-seat helicopters worth several thousand dollars, as well as instructions on how to independently design such a device based on a chainsaw motor. However, the convenience and safety of these vehicle remain at an extremely low level.

The most famous of the single-seat mini-helicopters is the GEN H-4 apparatus produced by the Japanese company Gene. This flying device, which costs about $ 60,000, consists of only a seat, a landing gear and two 4-meter propellers rotating in opposite directions. Gasoline engines GEN H-4 are able to accelerate the helicopter up to 90 km / h and work without refueling for 30 minutes.

The smallest helicopter in the world, the GEN H-4, weighs only 70 kilograms and is already registered in the Guinness Book of Records. It is created in accordance with the plan of Leonardo da Vinci..
The smallest helicopter in the world, the GEN H-4, with a main rotor length of almost 4 meters, was created by the Japanese company Gen Corporation. The weight of this helicopter together with one seat, one chassis and the engine is only 70 kg, that is, about the same as the weight of the person sitting in it. The helicopter has two sets of counter-rotating coaxial propellers, which makes it possible to do without a tail rotor. Just grab the visor as it doesn't have a windshield.

This helicopter does not have a tail, like the design proposed by Leonardo da Vinci. The weight of the car itself is 70 kilograms, and a person weighing up to 210 kilograms can be lifted into the air. Assembling the helicopter in accordance with the instructions will take about 30-40 hours, since it is sold disassembled as a children's designer.

The machine is equipped with four independent light two-cylinder gasoline engines, so that in case of problems even with two of them, the helicopter can continue to move in the air. If all 4 engines fail, the pilot can use a parachute.

The device develops a speed of up to 100 kilometers per hour and can rise into the sky to an altitude of 3000 meters. Without refueling, it can stay in the air for up to 30 minutes.

The smallest helicopter in the world is equipped with simple controls with a rudder and several toggle switches. Japanese designers are sure that even a child can be taught how to operate this machine in half a day.
The prototype of this model was a remotely controlled mini-helicopter created in Japan about 5 years ago.

And only the price of the smallest helicopter is somewhat puzzling - 2 million rubles. They say it is already on sale ...