Modern inventions presentation. Modern inventions in our life. Control of home dialogues
Great inventors the world
Compiled by the class teacher of 7 "B" class - Skidanova Nina Ivanovna
Outstanding inventors
There are people without whom humanity would simply have stopped at the point at which it was at a certain moment and would not move further in any way. This is of course inventors .
Indeed, without innovations, without methods that offer solutions to pressing problems, life would be difficult, we would not have anything that we are used to and that makes up our daily life. There would be no not only complex devices like computers, but even what we now consider so simple that we cannot imagine our life without it.
Heating, lighting and so on are good examples. It was the inventors who made possible the presence of such important things in our everyday life - and they continue to develop our civilization, making it more and more technically equipped, making life easier, more convenient and more perfect.
Outstanding inventors
Our top 10 most famous and great inventors of the world all deserve recognition and respect, but who deserves them a little more than others? Who is the most influential in history?
Let's try to familiarize ourselves with this in a slightly more detailed way.
10. Leonardo da Vinci
Of course, the famous inventor is in 10th place not at all because of the insignificance of his merits - it's just that almost all of his inventions were never realized during his lifetime.
He foresaw tanks, parachutes, cars in their simple form - but in practice, unfortunately, he was never able to implement anything.
But his services to humanity are simply impossible to deny - they are simply incredible.
9. Edwin Land
He began to invent this physicist at the age of 17 - he then invented polarizing lenses intended for auto headlights.
But he did not stop there - in his life he received 535 patents.
The most famous was the patent for the famous "Polaroid" - the first camera in history that could develop images in a matter of seconds.
8. Benjamin Franklin
We know Franklin as a very versatile person, but inventions are what he did best. He came up with things without which we cannot imagine our modern life.
These include a lightning rod, bifocals, an economical stove, and more. Interestingly, he never patented his inventions, believing that they should be publicly available in the first place - in addition, he often based his work on earlier ideas.
7. Heron Alexandrius
There were also talented inventors during the Roman Empire. But this, perhaps, could not be avoided by any of his contemporaries. It was he who invented the pump, syringe, automatic doors, a fountain, a steam turbine, and even the most primitive programmable devices.
Like most geniuses, he was not understood by his contemporaries, and the overwhelming majority of his inventions were completely rejected at one time.
6. Jerome Hal Lemelson
An amazing case when a man was one of the most outstanding inventors, and his name was absolutely not heard, and in fact during his life he had more than 600 patents. Without his innovations, audio and video tapes, industrial robots, cordless telephones, faxes and so on would not have been created.
He also had a very significant contribution to the development of medicine, so he was a versatile and talented inventor - moreover, completely independent.
5. George Westinghouse
This person is the owner of over four hundred patents. His most important inventions are brake systems for trains. He originally invented the steam brake, then the air brake, and then the automatic brake.
And until now, transport uses its systems, just slightly modified. He also greatly influenced the development of engines, shock absorbers and other important transportation systems.
4. Alexander Graham Bell
Massively Bell is known primarily as the inventor of the first telephone. He also invented devices that help in the detection of icebergs, the simplest hearing aid, a metal detector, an electric piano, and participated in the creation of one of the first airplanes.
Equally important, he invested no less in supporting young but promising inventors - and they also created a lot of very useful things.
3. Nikola Tesla
Few people have acquired such an impressive number of legends and conjectures. But leaving aside the mysticism attributed to him, he is important in that he has come close to creating a massive distribution of electricity.
His achievements were applied in different fields - for example, on their basis, a radar was created, he also made his contribution to the development of robotics, ballistics and much more - a rare and exceptional talent.
This man is called "the most outstanding inventor", as few were more productive than he - more than a thousand patents.
Although most of them belonged to people working for him, and not to him personally, but competently managing inventors is no less difficult than personally engaging in inventions.
2. Thomas Edison
And electrification, a kinescope, a phonograph and electric bulbs - this is what he became famous for - and it is difficult to imagine how we would exist today without it.
It is always difficult to be the first. In ancient times, there were no modern capabilities and tools, therefore the achievements of Archimedes are striking - the number of pi, siege weapons, Archimedes' screw, and so on - many of his inventions are significant today.
1. Archimedes
This makes it possible to boldly declare that Archimedes is the best inventor of all that ever existed. He was hundreds of years ahead of his time - that is why he is so great.
INVENTING IS SO EASY! IT'S SO DIFFICULT!
- INVENTION. For an innovation to be recognized as an invention, it must have four qualities :
- be a technical solution to the problem,
- be new
- have significant differences from the already known,
- give a beneficial effect.
If there are no new qualities, new (and, moreover, significant, significant) differences - there is no invention.
- Invention is often confused with discovery. You can only invent something that was not there before.
To open means to discover something that already existed in nature, but was not known before. Universal gravitation, for example, cannot be invented, it could only be discovered, it has always existed. Newton's laws, Ohm's law, the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, the cellular structure of plants - all these are discoveries.
Now try to determine for yourself which of the following was a discovery and which was an invention:
- Lathe
- Cast iron smelting steel
- Inertia of bodies
- Pendulum clock
- Dependence of pendulum oscillations on its length
- Sail
- Jet engine
- The attraction of bodies
Task for an invention:
- To invent something, you need to solve a technical problem.
- I suggest you the following problem:
During the summer holidays, there is no one to water the flowers at school. How to make sure that when you come to class on September 1, the flowers do not dry up?
ICT : You need to make the flowers water themselves.
- I look forward to your inventions.
Technological progress has merely provided
us with two more efficient means for going
backwards.
(Aldous Huxley, English author)
Men are only as good as their technical
development allows them to be.
(George Orwell)
Microwave oven
Vacuum cleaner
Sewing machine
Dishwasher
Washing machine
DVD player radio cassette player
camcorder laptop
MP3 player digital camera
Walkman video mobile phone
PDA (personal digital assistant) CD player
Are you keen on technology?
What kinds of high tech gadgets do you own?
What do you use them for?
Ban mobile phones in schools!
Do you agree?
What reasons can you think of it?
Can you think of any opposing viewpoints?
… .........., although allowing mobiles in schools can be beneficial to a certain extent, it seems to me that they are an unnecessary distraction, especially in class.
… ........... there are possible risks to the safety and general welfare of students if they are allowed to bring their mobiles to school. There have been quite a few cases, for instance, of students being attacked and robbed of their phones on their way to and from school. In addition, the classroom should not be used as a place to show off possessions.
… .......... they can be a serious distraction in classrooms. It is impossible for teachers and students to focus on classwork if there are constant interruptions from mobile phones ringing. Moreover, students cannot listen to the teacher and concentrate fully on their work if they are sending text messages or playing games.
For several years now, schools have debated whether or not pupils should be allowed to bring their mobile phones to school. I personally believe that it is better for students to leave them at home.
… ............ however, there are times when it can be useful for students to have mobiles at school. For example, some parents prefer their children to have their phones with them so that they contact each other during the day in case of an emergency.
One machine can do the work of fifty
ordinary men. No machine can do the
work of one extraordinary man.
(Elbert Hubbard)
The purpose of the lesson:to repeat, consolidate and apply knowledge on the topic "Modern inventions in our life"; to make a presentation of the project "Computer in my life".
Tasks:
- cognitive aspect - acquaintance with the achievements of science, with outstanding inventions and their inventors;
- developing aspect - the development of the ability to guess, compare and contrast, classify, generalize, critical thinking, express one's opinion, reflection;
- educational aspect - the development of a sense of pride in the culture of one's country and other countries, the formation of a respectful attitude to the opinion of another person and the need for self-development;
- educational aspect - the development and improvement of skills and abilities of speaking, understanding, reading and writing.
Speech material: vocabulary and grammatical phenomena of the previous lessons, additional speech patterns.
Handouts and ICT: multimedia projector, computer, sheets with cards of inventions and their inventors, sheets with additional speech samples, sheets with additional text.
During the classes
I... Organizing time. Greeting.
You are welcome. / 1 slide /
Good morning! I am glad to see you.
My support to you. / 2 slide /
Just believe in youкself and do youк best.
Good luck!
II.During the classes.
1. Messagetopics.
So, the theme of our lesson is modern inventions in our life.
The sounds of various devices and their images are heard. / 3 slide /
Comrades, what gadgets do you or members of your family use and why?
P1-I use a computer because I can get new information, write programs, connect with my friends and enjoy myself, playing games.
…………………………………………………….. … .
2. Speechcharging.
T-Can you imagine our life without modern inventions?
T-Why are they so important for us?
Now, you ask each other questions and answer them
Students ask each other questions and answer.
3. Express your opinion on the statements of your classmates.
Express your opinion on your classmates ’statements. / slides /
"I would be lost, helpless and alone without the computer, the Internet."
"It would be the end of the world if I lost my mobile phone."
"I can't live without my computer."
"No doubt, TV is the most necessary thing at our home."
"I'm sure, iPod is a necessity rather than a luxury."
4. Letter. Advantages and disadvantages of inventions.
Filling out the table at the blackboard and in notebooks.
The fact, there are advantages and disadvantages of using electric appliances.
Let’s fill up the table "Pros and Cons", two pupils come to the blackboard and the others write down in the notebooks.
P1, defend your arguments. Comrades, do you agree with P1? Have you got anything to add?
5. Control of home dialogues.
At home you had to make up dialogues by your choice, let’s listen to them.
P1, P2 - exemplary dialogue.
What’s happened?
You see, I’ve lost my mobile phone.
You are kidding.
No, I wish I am.
What are you going to do then?
I don’t know. But I can't live without it.
Have you told your parents?
Oh, no. They'll kill me.
Don’t be so upset. Ask them to buy it on your birthday.
I'll try, but my parents are against the phone. They consider it to be a waste of health, time and money.
It's nonsense. A mobile is the necessity nowadays.
May be you’ll explain it them. I can’t.
I'll try, of course, but I think it’s a waste of time.
How right you are.
………………………………………………………………………….
6. Project presentation. / slides /
Tanya has prepared the project about her favorite gadget, which she considers to be the most important in mankind’s life.
Let’s relax, listen to her and express your opinion about the project. Tanya, will you?
7. Reiterationandanchoragegrammaticalforms. / Simple Past Passive and Past Perfect Passive /
I see, you know a lot of inventions but do you know their inventers?
Finishoffers... Finish my sentences .
Telephone was invented by…. / Graham Bill /
The electric light bulb was improved by…. / Thomas Alva Edison /
Penicillin was discovered by…. / Alexander Fleming /
Television was invented by…. / John Logie Baird /
The first car assembly line was created by…. / Henry Ford /
The first artificial satellite was designed by…. / Sergey Korolyev /
Workfromcards.
Match invention, inventor, country and year looking through these cards. You may make notes in your notebooks. Look at these verbs and use them in your sentences / slide /.
What grammar tense have you used in your sentences?
P- Simple Past Passive.
A translation from Russian to English.
Translate my sentences into English, be attentive using grammar tense.
The idea of \u200b\u200bcloning was developed towards the end of the 20th century.
The sewing machine was tried out by the middle of the 19th century.
The first vacuum cleaner was created in 1910.
The first Russian car was built by May 1896.
Microsoft-DOS was created by 1982.
The VCR was invented by 1976.
8. Workfromtext.
Look trough the text and answer the questions before it.
Read the text very attentively and carry out the tasks after it.
Are They Crazy or Am I?
1 READING AND THINKING
A.Pre-reading
Look at the picture. Can you answer these questions without reading the text?
- What was this man's name?
- Why was he famous?
- What else do you know about him?
B.Reading
Keep the questions above in mind as you read this biographical sketch.
He was one of the greatest scientists and thinkers in history. However, he was not considered very bright when he was child. When he was nine, his father told his mother he was very worried about him because he was “a little slow.” His teachers complained that he had sense of discipline and that he was a bad influence on the other students.
When he was fifteen, he was thrown out of school, but a few years later he was allowed to study mathematics and physics at a special technical university in Zurich. But even at the university, he was hardly “a good student”. He rarely attended classes, and he was often in trouble with his professors because he constantly argued with them. One of them told him: “You’re smart; extremely smart. But you have one real fault; you never let yourself be told anything! ”
When he graduated from the university, he couldn’t get a job - partly because none of his professors would recommend him for one. Finally, he found one in the Swiss Patent Office in Berne.
One of his duties was writing descriptions of new inventions. This helped him learn how write clearly and simply. He later said that the only thing that made many problems in science seem difficult was the language they were described in.
In 1905, when he was only twenty-six, he published an article in a scientific journal. The article dealt with a theory which he called the Theory of Relativity. He became very famous for this theory, which concerns time and gravity and how things change when they travel at very high speeds.
All his life, he lived very simply and was totally uninterested in money, power, or fame. He could never understand why so many people admired him and wanted to meet him. He knew that most of them had never read anything he had written and that they didn’t understand his ideas. "Are they crazy or am I?" he asked.
1. Find the words in the text that mean:
- smart, quick at learning things
- not very smart or quick at learning things
- not often at all
- very often; again and again
- to get a degree and leave a school
- a part of the government that gives people the right to make and sell new inventions
- the force or pull that one object, such as a planet, has on a smaller object, such as the moon
2. Give your opinion. Do your classmates agree?
- Is there anything about the man's childhood that surprises you?
- Do you think he was very popular with his professors at the university? Give reasons for your answer.
- He later said that his time at the Swiss Patent Office was one of the most important periods of his life.
- Why do you think he said this?
- Do you think Einstein was crazy?
III... Conclusion: homework and summary.
I think, it's high time to finish our lesson.
This text will be your homework.
Comrades, did you like our lesson and what did you like best?
Have you got any new and useful information?
Do you want to make any other notes about our lesson?
So, I'm thankful to you for your active, creative work and support.
Of course, I'll put you good and excellent marks.
The lesson is over. You may be free. Good luck!
The motto of the lesson
“ Necessity is the mother of the inventions ”
“ Experience is the mother of wisdom "
Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was
the American founder of the Ford Motor Company
and father of modern assembly lines used in mass
production. His introduction of the Model T automobile
revolutionized transportation and American industry. He
was a prolific inventor and was awarded 161 U.S. patents.
As owner of the Ford Company he became one of the richest
and best-known people in the world. He is credited
with "Fordism", that is, the mass production of large
numbers of inexpensive automobiles using the assembly line,
coupled with high wages for his workers. Ford had a global
vision, with consumerism as the key to peace. Ford did not
Believe in accountants; he amassed one of the world "s largest
fortunes without ever having his company audited under
his administration. Henry Ford "s intense commitment
to lowering costs resulted in many technical and business
innovations, including a franchise system that put a dealership
in every city in North America, and in major cities on six
continents.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
Valdemar Poulsen (November 23, 1869, in Copenhagen
– July 23, 1942) was a Danish engineer. He developed
a magnetic wire recorder in 1899. The magnetic recording
was demonstrated in principle as early as 1898 by
Valdemar Poulsen in his Telegraphone. Magnetic wire
recording, and its successor, magnetic tape recording,
involve the use of a magnetizable medium which moves
past a recording head. An electrical signal, which is
analogous to the sound that is to be recorded, is fed
to the recording head, inducing a pattern of magnetization
similar to the signal. A playback head (which may be
the same as the recording head) can then pick up
the changes in the magnetic field from the tape and
convert them into an electrical signal. Poulsen obtained
a Telegraphone Patent in 1898, and with his assistant,
Peder O. Pedersen, later developed other magnetic
recorders that recorded on steel wire, tape, or disks.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
was an eminent scientist, inventor and innovator who is widely
credited with the invention of the telephone. His father,
grandfather and brother had all been associated with work
on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf,
profoundly influencing Bell "s life" s work. His research on hearing
and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices
that eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S.
patent for the invention of the telephone in 1876. In reflection,
Bell considered his most famous invention an intrusion on his real
work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in his study.
Upon Bell "s death, all telephones throughout the United States
"stilled their ringing for a silent minute in tribute to the man
whose yearning to communicate made them possible. Many other
inventions marked Bell "s later life including groundbreaking work
in hydrofoils and aeronautics. In 1888, Alexander Graham Bell
became one of the founding members of the National Geographic
Society.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
The wright brothers , Orville (August 19, 1871 –
January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 –
May 30, 1912), were two Americans who are generally
credited with inventing and building the world "s first
successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered
1903. In the two years afterward, the brothers developed
their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft.
Although not the first to build and fly experimental aircraft,
the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls
that made fixed wing flight possible. The brothers "fundamental
breakthrough was their invention of "three axis-control", which
enabled the pilot to steer the aircraft effectively and to maintain
its equilibrium. This method became standard and remains standard
on fixed wing aircraft of all kinds. From the beginning of their
aeronautical work, the Wright brothers focused on unlocking the
secrets of control to conquer "the flying problem", rather than
developing more powerful engines as some other experimenters did.
Their careful wind tunnel tests produced better aeronautical data
than any before, enabling them to design and build wings and propellers
more effective than any before. Their U.S. patent 821,393 claims the
invention of a system of aerodynamic control that manipulates a flying
machine "s surfaces.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
John logie baird (August 13, 1888 – June 14, 1946)
was a Scottish engineer and inventor of the world "s first
working television system. Although Baird "s electromechanical
system was eventually displaced by purely electronic systems
(such as those of Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth),
his early successes demonstrating working television
broadcasts and his color and cinema television work earn
him a prominent place in television "s invention. Baird was
born in Helensburgh, Argyll, Scotland. He was educated at
Larchfield Academy (now part of Lomond School),
Helensburgh; the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical
College (which later became the University of Strathclyde);
and the University of Glasgow. His degree course was
interrupted by World War I and he never returned
to graduate.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov (often transliterated as Sergei Korolev ,
(January 12 1907, Zhy tomyr – January 14, 1966,
Moscow), was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during
the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union
in the 1950s and 1960s. He invented the R-7 rocket. Although trained
as an aircraft designer, Korolyov "s greatest strengths proved to be in
design integration, organization and strategic planning. A victim
of Stalin "s 1938 Great Purge, he was imprisoned for almost six
years, including some months in a Siberian gulag. Following his release,
he became a rocket designer and a key figure in the development of
the Soviet ICBM program. He was then appointed to lead the Soviet
space program, given a rank of Academician (Member of Soviet Academy
of Sciences), overseeing the early successes of the Sputnik and Vostok
projects. By the time he died unexpectedly in 1966, his plans to compete
with the United States to be the first nation to land a man on the Moon
had begun to be implemented. Before his death he was often referred
to only as "Chief Designer", because his name and his pivotal role in the
Soviet space program had been held to be a state secret by the
Politburo. Only many years later he was publicly acknowledged as the
lead man behind Soviet success in space.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
Michael faraday , FRS (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867)
was an English chemist and physicist (or natural philosopher,
in the terminology of the time) who contributed to the fields
of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. Faraday studied
the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a DC electric
current, and established the basis for the magnetic field
concept in physics. He discovered electromagnetic induction,
diamagnetism, and laws of electrolysis. He established that
magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an
underlying relationship between the two phenomena. His
inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the
foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely
due to his efforts that electricity became viable for use in
technology.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931)
was an American inventor and businessman who developed many
devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including
the phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.
Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park" by a newspaper reporter, he was
one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production
and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore is often
credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.
Edison is considered one of the most prolific inventors in history,
holding 1,093 U.S. patents in his name, as well as many patents
in the United Kingdom, France and Germany. He is credited with
numerous inventions that contributed to mass communication and,
in particular, telecommunications. His advanced work in these fields
was an outgrowth of his early career as a telegraph operator.
Edison originated the concept and implementation of electric-power
generation and distribution to homes, businesses, and factories -
a crucial development in the modern industrialized world. His first
power plant was on Manhattan Island, New York.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, theologian
and one of the most influential men in human history. His Philosophi e
Naturalis Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, is considered to
be the most influential book in the history of science. In this work,
Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion,
laying the groundwork for classical mechanics, which dominated the
scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries
and is the basis for modern engineering. Newton showed that the
motions of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies are governed by
the same set of natural laws by demonstrating the consistency between
Kepler "s laws of planetary motion and his theory of gravitation, thus
removing the last doubts about heliocentrism and advancing
the scientific revolution.
Ten Great Inventors and their Inventions
- Sanremo, Italy, 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist,
- engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and the inventor
- of dynamite. He owned Bofors, a major armaments manufacturer,
- which he had redirected from its previous role as an iron and steel
- mill. In his last will, he used his enormous fortune to institute
- the Nobel Prizes. The synthetic element nobelium was named after
- him. Nobel found that when nitroglycerin was incorporated in
- an absorbent inert substance like kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth)
- it became safer and more convenient to handle, and this mixture
- he patented in 1867 as dynamite. Nobel demonstrated his explosive
- for the first time that year, at a quarry in Redhill, Surrey, England.
- Nobel later on combined nitroglycerin with another explosive,
- gun-cotton, and obtained a transparent, jelly-like substance,
- which was a more powerful explosive than dynamite. Gelignite,
- or blasting gelatin as it was branded, was patented in 1876, and
- was followed by a host of similar combinations, modified by the
- addition of potassium nitrate and various other substances.
John logie baird
... didn’t he?
... wasn’t he?
Television in Our Life
The first commercial television broadcast was made on April 20, 1939 by Radio Corporation of America (RCA). Since 1939, it has become one of the most important facts of modern life. Television is very much a part of the modern world. Its effects are felt all over the world.
Television is a reflection of modern world, say some people. It shows contemporary society. It affects customs and culture, others way. Television is bad for culture because it keeps culture from growing, say still others.
Good or bad, television is difficult to avoid. Its pictures enter homes, stores, airports and factories. It is here to stay!
- The first commercial television broadcast was made on April 20, 1939 by Radio Corporation of America (RCA). Since 1939, it has become one of the most important facts of modern life. Television is very much a part of the modern world. Its effects are felt all over the world. Television is a reflection of modern world, say some people. It shows contemporary society. It affects customs and culture, others way. Television is bad for culture because it keeps culture from growing, say still others. Good or bad, television is difficult to avoid. Its pictures enter homes, stores, airports and factories. It is here to stay!
- 1). 1,2,3
- 2). 1-corporation, 2-facts, 3-world, 4-reflection, 5-society, 6-culture
- 3). 1c, 2b, 3a, 4c
Advantages and Disadvantages of Television
- Television is one of the greatest achievements of the 20 th century. It is the most popular part of mass media. Television is the easiest and the cheapest source of information. It is an advantage.
- One of the positive features about TV is that it educates us. There are programs devoted to specialized subjects such as life of animals or plants, science, politics and many others. Watching such programs we learn a lot of useful and interesting information.
- TV gives us opportunity to travel around the world without getting up from the sofa. We can learn about life of people in different countries, their customs and traditions and we don’t pay for it.
- There are very exciting, funny and humorous programs, concerts full of wonderful music and songs especially on holidays. So, television entertains us and we like it because it makes us forget our everyday problems.
- One of the disadvantages is that television sometimes substitutes our nearest and dearest. It prevents us from communicating with our friends and relatives.
- Today you can see many films on TV which are filled with cruel and violent scenes that is very bad especially for children and teenagers.
- Watching TV too much may be dangerous for your eyesight. It is a disadvantage.
Slide 1
Educational center "Niva"
Inventions and great discoveries Non-profit Partnership "College of Economics and Entrepreneurship"
Scientific and Practical Conference "10 Tops That Turned the World"
Slide 2
Educational center "Niva"
It takes a good imagination and a lot of junk to invent. Thomas Alva Edison
Slide 3
Educational center "Niva"
Compare the inventions of mankind from early times ...
Early Paleolithic 2.6 million years ago: Stone processing in Africa 2-1.5 million years ago: The beginning of the development of fire 800-400 thousand years ago: Ax in the form of a cleaver in Kenya 790 thousand years ago: Homo erectus or Homo ergaster learned to make fire in Africa 400 thousand years ago: Paint in Zambia 400 thousand years ago: A spear in Europe 164 thousand years ago: Stone knife in Africa 100 thousand years ago: Sewing clothes
Slide 4
Educational center "Niva"
Inventions of 2000
2000s 2001: Transfer of odor via the Internet 2002: Artificial retina of the eye. 2003: Interface for mental control of objects (without implanting electrodes) 2004: Neutron microscope 2004: Bionic eye 2005: Robot making copies of itself (replicator) 2006: Self-healing paints and coatings 2008: Memristor 2009: Thought transmission to the Internet: University of Wisconsin 2009: The first biological 3D printer
Slide 5
Educational center "Niva"
Can we invent something ourselves ???
You know that we eat food that other people grow. We wear clothes that other people have made. We speak languages \u200b\u200bthat were invented by other people. We use math, but other people developed it too ... I think we all use other people's inventions all the time.
Slide 6
Educational center "Niva"
World breakthrough was made by the invention of the wheel
It is known that the first wheels were made in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) in 8500 - 8000 BC.
Slide 7
Educational center "Niva"
They were of two types: a potter's wheel and a cart wheel. The potter's wheel was the ancestor of our pulleys, water wheels, clockwork gears.
Slide 8
Educational center "Niva"
Slide 9
Educational center "Niva"
New in metallurgy.
The water wheel made it possible to change the technology of metal smelting, blast furnaces appeared. To maintain a high temperature in them, furs were used. Cast iron and steel are of better quality, their production has increased. Both coal and charcoal were used as fuel.
Forge with a water engine. 16th century engraving
Slide 10
Educational center "Niva"
The wheel is one of the main components of the car and has a great impact on such operational properties of the car as stability, safety, comfort, efficiency, handling.
Slide 11
Educational center "Niva"
Slide 12
Educational center "Niva"
Development of navigation and shipbuilding
A compass and astrolabes were used to navigate the high seas. With the help of a compass, we were moving in the right direction. The astrolabe helped locate the ship from the position of the sun, or stars.
Navigation devices. 15th century.
Slide 13
Educational center "Niva"
Slide 14
Educational center "Niva"
The purpose of the presentation
The purpose of our presentation is to acquaint students of grades 7-8 with the great inventions of the 19th century
Slide 15
Educational center "Niva"
The 19th century, as you know, went down in history as the century of scientific and technological progress. Scientific discoveries and technical achievements of the 19th century based on their practical application. allowed humanity to reach an unprecedentedly high, fundamentally new level of development in comparison with all previous periods of history.
Slide 16
Educational center "Niva"
AGE OF AUTOMATION
Slide 17
Educational center "Niva"
New in metallurgy.
The first automatic device was a mechanical watch. They used a compressed spring and the movement was carried out using weights. The main innovation in watches was gear wheels. On their basis, other devices appeared - gates, jacks, pumps, etc.
Slide 18
Educational center "Niva"
Slide 19
Educational center "Niva"
Kulibin's OPTICAL TELEGRAPH
Slide 20
Educational center "Niva"
1826 Introduction of the propeller on steam ships
The Czech inventor Joseph Ressel developed and proposed a new navigable propulsion unit - a propeller.
Slide 21
Educational center "Niva"
1834 Steam locomotive of the Cherepanovs
Russian inventors, serf breeders Demidovs, father and son Cherepanovs created the first steam locomotive and railway 3.5 km long in Russia.
Slide 22
Educational center "Niva"
Slide 23
Educational center "Niva"
1838 Jacobi electric motor boat
Russian physicist and electrical engineer B.S. Jacobi invented the electric motor and tested it to drive the ship.
Slide 24
Educational center "Niva"
1837-1838 Morse telegraph
American inventor Samuel Morse invented a telegraph apparatus for transmitting and receiving messages using Morse code (Morse code) characters. Morse code is still used today.
Slide 25
Educational center "Niva"
Slide 26
Educational center "Niva"
1839 Photography
The French inventor Niepce has found a way to fix the image obtained with a camera obscura. Then Daguerre developed the first suitable method of photography - daguerreotype. In the 1840s, when, as a result of improvements in the photographic method, it was possible to obtain any number of prints on light-sensitive paper from the negative, a period of widespread use of photography began.
Slide 27
Educational center "Niva"
1852 Airship
The first flight in the airship he built was made by the French designer Henri Giffard. Airships were used until the middle. 20th century For the transport of goods, as well as for scientific and military purposes.
Slide 28
Educational center "Niva"
1861 Pedal bike
In 1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaud installed pedals on the front wheel of a bicycle and began mass production of bicycles: 162 bicycles came out of his workshop in 1862 and more than 400 in 1863. Since that time, the bicycle has been transformed from an exotic toy into an everyday means of transportation.