Universities where the specialty of customs is realized. Customs: a specialty profile in Russian universities. Advantages of the profession of a customs officer

Remember the wonderful film "White Sun of the Desert" and its hero, the customs officer Vereshchagin? There was no longer any border, no country, on the guard of whose interests he stood, and Vereshchagin kept guarding his customs. "I do not take a bribe. I am offended for the state!" - the catch phrase of this handsome strong man with principles and sovereign thinking, became the personification of a portrait of a real customs officer.

Remember the wonderful film "White Sun of the Desert" and its hero customs officer Vereshchagin in the magnificent performance of Pavel Luspekaev? There was no longer a border, no country, on the guard of whose interests he stood, and Vereshchagin kept guarding his customs, looking with disgust at the watermelons and black caviar, which his wife fed day after day. "I do not take a bribe. I am offended for the state!" - the catch phrase of this handsome strong man with principles and sovereign thinking, became the personification of a portrait of a real customs officer.

It is precisely such a principled and conscientious person who should be the guardian of state interests. It must be - this is the key phrase, since the portrait of a modern customs officer is very different from the "cinematic" one. And the point is not that there are no Vereshchagins left in the modern world, but that many young people choose the profession of a customs officer thoughtlessly. They are seduced by the perceived benefits, forgetting about the importance and characteristics of this profession. Therefore, today we will try to tell you about all the nuances, disadvantages and advantages of the profession of a customs officer, and we hope that this will help you to consciously approach the choice of a future place of work.

Who is a customs officer?

A customs officer is an employee of the state customs service who controls the movement of people, things, vehicles, goods and other items across the customs border, as well as performs customs clearance and collection of customs payments.

The name of the profession comes from the Old Russian word tamga (seal, tax, duty), which in turn has Turkic roots. Note that in Ancient Rus customs was called mytnya (from the word myt - the name of the payment levied by local princes). History customs profession originates in ancient times, when the first foreign economic relations between states arose. It was then that the need arose to control goods and people crossing borders. The very first customs officers were engaged in this, and their activities have practically not changed since that time.

Today, as before, the job of a customs officer is to clear goods transported across the state border. The professional duties of this specialist include:

• registration of documentation for goods;
• cargo inspection for customs, inspection of citizens at the airport or train station;
• detection of contraband and prohibited for import or export of goods;
• work at checkpoints;
• accounting of confiscated goods;
• investigation of offenses in the field of customs law.

More specifically, the customs officer must check the documentation for the goods and draw up his own declarations, determine the country of import-export of goods and determine the amount of duties and their amount, let the goods and citizens through the border. By the way, the range of duties of customs officers is so great that within the profession there are several narrow specializations that depend on the place of work of a specialist: an employee of a checkpoint, an employee of passport control, employees of the international customs department, etc. Therefore, when crossing the border, citizens, as a rule, have to deal with a variety of representatives of this profession. It does not matter where exactly this border passes: at the airport, at the railway station or in the sea harbor.

What personal qualities should a customs officer have?

Customs officer work is fraught with certain risks and temptations, which impose a number of requirements on the representatives of this profession. First, they must be distinguished by a high degree of patriotism, integrity and honesty. In addition, any customs officer must have such personal qualities as:

I would also like to say about intuition. It is visually very difficult to determine whether a person or transport is lucky or unlucky. But experienced customs officers do it according to only one of them understandable signs, "pull by the thread", gradually unwinding the ball. In this case, they rely not so much on knowledge of psychology and practical skills, but on their own intuition.

Also, the customs officer is required to have an impeccable knowledge of laws, legal and legal subtleties, the rules for maintaining documentation and possession of the official business style of speech. Economic knowledge is also necessary for a customs officer, especially those related to trade.

Advantages of the profession of a customs officer

Ask any customs officer: what are the advantages of his profession. And you will surely hear in response: of great importance to society. After all, it is the customs officials who guard the country's national security, preventing the import of contraband and hindering the free movement of terrorists.

Undoubted the advantage of the profession of a customs officer also can be called demand. As customs are constantly expanding as a result of increased trade and the increase in the number of people crossing the border, young professionals will find it easy to find jobs.

Customs officers are entitled to benefits, such as early retirement and a substantial increase to it. Customs officers involved in checkpoints, the search for contraband and prohibited from importing goods are equated to the military and, accordingly, can count on the same benefits.

Due to the specifics of the work, a customs officer develops very well observation, analytical skills, intuition, memory and attentiveness. These qualities, without any doubt, are useful not only in the performance of professional duties, but also in everyday life. And the skills and knowledge acquired in the process of working at customs in the field of jurisprudence and foreign economic activity will allow a former customs officer to easily get a managerial position at a commercial enterprise.

Disadvantages of the customs profession

The most important lack of customs profession- this is constant pressure from people who want to bypass customs regulations, not pay duties or import prohibited goods. We can say that almost every customs officer has risks of meeting them. Not everyone can resist temptation, withstand, remain an honest employee under the pressure of such temptations.

Hence follows the next disadvantage of this profession - a high turnover of personnel. According to statistics, in our country, customs is one of the most corrupt systems, and only 2-3% of customs officers can be called crystal-clear. Well, since our state is actively fighting corruption and regularly introduces more and more anti-corruption measures, the ranks of customs officers are often "cleansed".

The disadvantages of this profession are also associated with the psychological stress that exists in the work. The constant need to be fully armed, to strain attention and memory can lead to nervous breakdowns, stress and prolonged depression.

Where can you get the profession of a customs officer?

To get the profession of a customs officer it is not at all necessary to have a specialized education. However, since this profession requires a large amount of versatile knowledge, having a higher education is generally a prerequisite. Knowledge and skills in the field of customs can be obtained at special courses.

But nevertheless, we recommend getting this profession in specialized universities, since in this environment graduates of customs academies are most valued. In addition, only highly qualified customs officers can count on rapid career growth, especially if education in the specialty "Customs" was obtained in such the best universities in Russia, how.

Will hundreds of more teenagers die from drugs passing through a corrupt border post? Will there be imported into the country a batch of counterfeit medicines capable of affecting the health of thousands of citizens? Will a terrorist who plans a large-scale attack with dozens of human casualties pass according to false documents? Without exaggeration, this will depend on you. The profession of a customs officer is an amazing combination of routine paperwork with colossal responsibility and unconditional respect for the profession.

History

The profession has been known since ancient times. Even if thousands of years ago it was not represented by today's modern specialty, the guards of the borders of countries, empires and occupied territories have always occupied a special place with society. The profession appeared simultaneously with the formation of the first centralized states. It is impossible to name the exact date, but it definitely happened at the stage of the beginning of the development of the world society. The impetus for the development of prototypes of modern customs gave rise to trade between countries.

Hundreds of years ago, caravans with goods passing through the borders of countries were taxed. This was necessary to ensure the replenishment of the treasury. In Russia, the customs business originated approximately in the 9th century, when duties and a trade tax - "washing" were introduced in the principalities. The collectors of myt were called “mytniks”. It is interesting that in the modern Ukrainian language, a customs officer is a mitnik.

Customs - what is this profession

A customs officer is a civil servant whose duties include control over goods transported across the border, passing people, collection of fees and customs duties. As a rule, university graduates start working as ordinary inspectors. Later they become senior inspectors, department heads. A brilliant career will allow him to take the chair of a policy-maker in the field of customs, and perhaps one of the heads of the state apparatus. But over 90% of specialists will forever remain ordinary inspectors.

What are the duties of a customs officer:

• Inspect citizens and goods at customs posts, railway stations and airports.
• Execute customs documentation, collect fees and duties.
• Identify contraband, prohibited goods.
• Keep records of confiscated goods.
• Conduct an investigation of offenses within the competence of customs law.

In addition to the general profession, there are several narrow specialties - a checkpoint employee, a passport control employee, a department specialist, and others.

The work as a whole cannot be called interesting and even somewhat creative - it is difficult, routine, sometimes boring or dangerous, but always extremely responsible. The security of the state, in particular economic, largely depends on the customs officers. Failure by specialists to fulfill their duties, corruption and a banal shortage of employees can lead to a real tragedy.

The minimum of romance is the maximum of hard work. Customs officers meet trains and check people heading to the country, inspect goods, establish compliance of documentation with Russian and international standards. Often there are dog handlers in the industry who specialize in the search for goods, drugs and other substances prohibited for import into the country. Is the profession of a customs officer suitable for a girl? Quite if she is ready to cope with the hard work and take on a huge burden of responsibility. Many women work in this area - about 35% of the total number of employees.

Where to study as a customs officer

You can become a customs inspector without specialized education. But you definitely need to graduate to get a better chance of building a brilliant career. The more prestigious and authoritative it is, the better. TOP-5 Russian universities that teach customs:

1. Russian Customs Academy.
2. Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
3. University of Economics. Plekhanov.
4. Technological University in Korolev.
5. University named after Witte.

The average passing score in one subject exceeds 85.5, so it is not so easy to enter the best universities in the country. But it is still worth submitting documents - you do not lose anything. However, at the same time, we recommend trying to enroll in a few more universities or institutes that you like. Remember that studying at a reputable, rated university will provide advantages at the start of a career, but will not predetermine success.

Pros and cons of the specialty

The advantages and disadvantages will directly depend on the position held. It is obvious that a high-ranking official or policy maker in the customs industry is quite comfortable. But since we do not have a presentation of the possibilities and prospects of the industry, but an analysis of the real state of affairs, we note the pros and cons of ordinary specialties - inspectors, employees of checkpoints, airports and train stations.

Key pros :

• Respectable, respected profession.
• A special mission is to ensure the country's security at the borders.
• Benefits - Customs officers are often equated with the military.
• Possible supplements to pensions, social benefits.
• Public service with all the stipulated privileges.

The main limitations:

• Low level of comfort.
• Average, and sometimes frankly low salary.
• Bureaucracy and paperwork.
• Flourishing corruption.
• The highest level of responsibility.
• Constant pressure from people who disregard the law.

Many specialists admit that the amount of wages does not correspond to the working conditions and the level of responsibility.

In most cases, this is an important, hard and at the same time low-paid job. Bureaucracy, work in a confined space, all-round pressure - 99% of customs officers who are at the start face this. However, they can be compensated not only by career opportunities, but also by benefits, privileges, and respectability of the profession.

How much do customs officers get

Imagine: you have dreamed of this profession since childhood. Imagined themselves as a defender of the state pages of their country. You wrote an essay at school on the topic "My future profession is a customs officer." Then we entered the university, graduated from it and started to work. But the level of your well-being leaves much to be desired. This industry can not be called the most "money".

Form of study: full-time
Price: RUB 290,000 / year
Duration: 5 years
Learning basics: budget, contract

Main professional educational programs being implemented, 2020:

1. Organization of customs control
2. Customs payments and foreign exchange regulation
3. Foreign trade, transport and customs logistics

In light of the deeper involvement of Russia in the global integration processes, "Customs" is one of the most demanded programs, allowing to train relevant specialists of a qualitatively new level.

Conditions of admission:

Conditions of education:

A deferral from service in the RF Armed Forces is provided in accordance with applicable law.

Graduates of the "Customs" program are qualified specialists, the demand for which is ensured by the rapid development of Russia's foreign economic relations. The course was developed in 2012 and is based on a combination of fundamental theoretical knowledge and practical skills. In the course of training, RANEPA provides students with practical training in the customs authorities.

Skills of specialists

With successful training in the "Customs" program, students acquire knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, the basics of organization, management of customs processes and foreign economic activity. Future specialists develop skills in various areas of the chosen profession:

• foreign economic transactions;
• the conclusion of contracts;
• application of customs procedures;
• calculation of customs payments;
• declaring goods;
• control at customs;
• commodity nomenclature of foreign economic activity (TN VED), etc.

Job prospects

After training, graduates of the faculty can hold the following positions in private and public structures:

• declarant;
• specialist or manager: customs, export;
• international transport specialist, etc.

After graduating from the course, graduates of the course are employed in large logistics companies, consulting centers, open their own business, occupy leading positions in the customs departments of international corporations, organize the work of border checkpoints, work in air and sea ports, at railway facilities, etc.

Education at RANEPA

The RANEPA program is aimed at training specialists who are able to solve not only basic professional tasks, but also find ways out of non-standard crisis situations. The training is conducted by teachers with practical experience in the customs authorities. Seminars, master classes, internships and practice in Russian and international structures are organized for students. Upon graduation, future specialists defend their qualifying work and receive a state diploma from one of the leading universities in Russia. If desired, the graduate can continue his education in the master's or graduate school. RANEPA provides the knowledge and skills necessary for a successful career in the customs field.