Labor function of a teacher. Professional standard of a teacher: the composition of labor functions, skill levels, requirements for the formation of labor functions of teachers. Preparation for the introduction of the professional standard

In 2013, a professional standard for a teacher was developed, which, according to Federal Law No. 122, adopted in May 2015, must be applied from January 1, 2017. Let's figure out what it is and why it is needed.

Education and training of children- a real art, which in one way or another must be mastered by every teacher. However, at the present stage of life, a teacher is, first of all, a profession that, according to the latest trends, must meet certain standards designed to replace obsolete job descriptions and other documents regulating the professional activities of teachers.

That is why, back in 2013, a specially created working group chaired by Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yamburg developed a professional standard for a teacher, covering, inter alia, such issues as the reform of the teacher training system, modernization of the teacher education system and changes in the teacher certification system.

According to Federal Law No. 122, adopted in May 2015, this standard is mandatory for application from January 1, 2017. Let's figure out what it is and why it is needed.

Professional standard of a teacher - what is the essence?

Professional standard of a teacher Is a document that takes into account all the requirements for the personality and professional competence of teachers. Now the qualification level of the teacher will be assigned in accordance with this normative act. It should also be taken into account when hiring a teacher and when drawing up his job description.

The document for teachers describes in detail all the knowledge and skills that they must possess, and also specifies labor actions depending on the direction of work (educator in a preschool institution, primary school teacher, subject teacher, etc.).

It is expected that thanks to the introduction of the professional standard, the basis of the Russian education system will be made up of real professionals who can work with a wide variety of categories of children (gifted, disabled, orphans, migrants, etc.) and effectively interact with other specialists (defectologists, psychologists, social educators, etc.) etc.).


Reasons for introducing a professional standard

Qualification manuals, together with job descriptions, are no longer effective in today's realities - this is what the Ministry of Labor thought and began to develop a modern professional standard of the teacher... Why was it noticed? The fact is that such concepts as "qualification" and "professional standard" appeared in the Labor Code, which gradually began to be applied to different professions, and the pedagogical could not stand aside.

Preparation for the introduction of the professional standard

As mentioned above, the development of the document began back in 2013, and it was planned that everything would be finalized and tested (tested for suitability) by January 1, 2015. However, its introduction had to be postponed for 2 years due to great difficulties in development.

During this period, the document was brought to mind, and the standards themselves were tested on the basis of several dozen educational institutions. The results were generally positive:

  • the level of training of students has increased;
  • the working conditions of teachers have improved;
  • the parents appreciated the changes well.

And as a result, in 2017, it was decided to start the widespread introduction of a new professional standard for a teacher.

The structure and content of the professional standard

The document is structured according to the principle of separation labor functions of a teacher from preschool educators to mid-level teachers. The focus is on the three most important areas in which all educators should be competent:

  • education;
  • upbringing;
  • development.

The description of each function includes three blocks: "Labor activities", "Required skills" and "Required knowledge". Further, the functions of teachers are subdivided depending on the direction of their work:

  • Activities of preschool teachers.
  • Activities of teachers of primary education.
  • Activities of teachers of basic and secondary education.
  • Module "Subject training. Mathematics".
  • Module "Subject training. Russian language".

Likewise in every kind teaching activities labor actions, knowledge and skills of the teacher are concretized.

Having studied all the requirements, one can come to the conclusion that a modern teacher should be universally educated, erudite and progressive. The emphasis is also placed on the ability to find an approach to each child, respect his personality and correctly assess his abilities.


How will the transition to new standards proceed?

At the moment, there is no single plan for the transition to the new standard for all institutions. Obviously, the management of each educational organization will, at its own discretion, include certain measures for implementation pedagogical professional standard in an educational institution. However, in any case, the commission will have to answer for the introduction of professional standards, which is tentatively obliged to do the following:

  • Compare the positions held in a particular institution with the names that are spelled out in the standard.
  • Check labor contracts and, if necessary, make adjustments in accordance with the professional standard.
  • Check the employees of the educational institution for compliance with the professional standard, according to the positions held.
  • Provide management with the final audit report.

True, it is not yet entirely clear how to deal with teachers who do not comply with the professional standard. If such an employee was initially adopted in accordance with labor legislation, has successfully passed certification and generally does a good job at work, then it is inappropriate to dismiss him, even taking into account the partial inconsistency with the standards that have appeared.

Will the professional standard affect teachers' salaries?

About promotion remuneration of teachers confirming compliance with the professional standard, the authorities spoke back in 2013, but there were no official statements. Therefore, it remains to wait and hope ...

Problems of introducing a professional standard

While many teachers find it difficult to fulfill all the requirements of the professional standard. In particular, they say that today it is problematic to do this due to:

  • insufficient material and technical base of educational organizations,
  • poorly developed accessible environment for all students (ramps, entrances to buildings, etc.),
  • too much workload for one teacher to count on an individual approach to each student.

Nevertheless, even if today not every teacher can boast of full compliance with all the criteria of the professional standard, it should be considered as a guideline in his teaching activities and gradually improve in order to better approach the training and education of the younger generation.

Occupational standards in our country are developed in accordance with clause 1 of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 7.05. 2012 № 597 "On measures for the implementation of state social policy", according to which by 2015 it is necessary to develop and approve at least 800 professional standards. Currently, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation has approved 14 professional standards, incl. in such professions as a teacher, a specialist in medical and social examination, a welder, a specialist in working with a family, etc. And in 2013 there should be more than 300 of them.

What is professional standard

In December 2012, amendments were made to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation: Chapter 31 was supplemented by Article 195.1. The concept of an employee's qualifications, a professional standard, according to which:

Professional standard Is a characteristic of the qualifications necessary for an employee to carry out a certain type of professional activity, and

Employee qualifications Is the level of knowledge, skills, professional skills and work experience of the employee.

The procedure for the development, approval and application of professional standards is established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Why do we need professional standards

Professional standards apply:

  • employers- in the formation of personnel policy and in personnel management, in the organization of training and certification of employees, the development of job descriptions, tariffication of work, the assignment of wage grades to employees and the establishment of remuneration systems, taking into account the specifics of the organization of production, labor and management;
  • educational organizations of vocational education- when developing professional educational programs;
  • when developing federal state educational standards for vocational education.

The professional standard of the teacher is designed to:

  • determine the required qualifications of a teacher;
  • to provide the necessary training for the teacher to obtain high results of his work;
  • to provide the necessary awareness of the teacher about the requirements for him;
  • to promote the involvement of teachers in solving the problem of improving the quality of education.

The structure of the professional standard of the teacher

The professional standard of a teacher is developed on the basis of the “Layout of the professional standard”, therefore, when familiarizing with it, its form may seem unusual for pedagogues.

The professional standard of a teacher contains a description of the labor functions of teachers - teachers, educators, including teachers of mathematics (module "Subject training. Mathematics") and teachers of the Russian language (module "Subject training. Russian language"), and consists of 4 sections:

I .. General information.

II. Description of labor functions included in the professional standard (functional card of the type of professional activity).

III. Characteristics of generalized labor functions.

IV. Information about the organizations - the developers of the professional standard.

The content of the professional standard of the teacher reflects:

  • education;
  • educational work;
  • development (personal qualities and professional competencies necessary for a teacher to carry out developmental activities);
  • professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of work in primary school;
  • professional competencies of a preschool teacher (educator), reflecting the specifics of work at the preschool level of education;
  • professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of a teacher's work in primary and secondary schools;
  • professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of the work of a teacher of the Russian language;
  • professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of the work of a mathematics teacher.

The description of generalized labor functions includes the name of the function, the level of qualification, possible job titles, requirements for education, training and practical work experience, as well as special conditions for admission to work. Generalized labor functions are subdivided into separate labor functions.

The characteristics of specific labor functions contain a description of labor actions, necessary skills and knowledge, etc.

The developer of the professional standard for the teacher is the State budgetary educational institution of the city of Moscow Education Center N 109, and the responsible organization-developer is the State budgetary educational institution of higher professional education of the city of Moscow "Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University".

This professional standard for a teacher is mandatory for use by educational organizations, organizations engaged in educational activities, for the provision of educational services for basic general education programs in the field of preschool and primary general education, basic general and secondary general education.

In the future, it is planned to expand the scope of the teacher's professional standard by introducing specialties: teacher of additional education, teacher of the vocational education system, teacher-psychologist, special teacher (defectologist), tutor, etc.

reference

In the professional standard of the teacher, the following abbreviations are used:

OKZ- All-Russian classifier of occupations.

CEN- The unified qualification guide, approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated August 26, 2010 N 761n "On approval of the Unified qualification guide for the positions of managers, specialists and employees, the section" Qualification characteristics of positions of education workers "(registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on October 6, 2010 N 18638 ).

OKVED- All-Russian classifier of economic activities.

OXO- All-Russian classifier of specialties by education.

And also concepts:

competence- the ability to apply knowledge, skills and experience in work;

labor function- an integral part of the type of labor activity, which is an integrated and relatively autonomous set of labor actions determined by the technological process and presupposing the presence of the necessary knowledge and skills (competencies) for their implementation;

working conditions- a set of factors of the working environment and the technological process that affect the performance and health of the employee.

Olga Fedoryan
The structure of the professional standard of a teacher

Professional standard of a teacher(pedagogical activities in preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education) (educator, teacher) has the following structure:

Section I. General information: name of the species, the main purpose of the species professional activity, group of occupations, attribution to types of economic activity.

Section II. Description of labor functions included in professional standard(functional map of the form professional activity): generalized labor and labor functions, which reflect the name, code and level of qualifications.

Section III. Characteristics of generalized labor (labor) functions: pedagogical (training, educational and developmental activities) pedagogical activities for the design and implementation of basic educational programs ( pedagogical program implementation activities

preschool, primary general and basic and secondary general education).

This section reflects the requirements for education and training, for practical work experience, as well as special conditions for admission to work as a teacher, educator.

IN professional standards contains links to various reference books, including EKS, OKS, OKSO.

Labor functions in the third section standard disclosed through the requirements for labor actions, skills and knowledge teacher.

Section IV. Information about developer organizations professional standard.

The main purpose of the view professional activity: provision of educational services for basic general educational programs by educational organizations (organizations providing training, individual entrepreneurs carrying out educational activities).

Generalized labor and labor functions teacher can be represented as the following model (see fig. 1).

General pedagogical function.

Education

Educator-

activity

Developing

activity

Pedagogical

activities for

implementation

programs

preschool

education

Pedagogical

activities for

implementation

programs

initial

education

Pedagogical

activities for

implementation

mainstream

and average general

education

B / 04.6 Module “Subject training. Mathematics"

B / 05.6 Module “Subject training. Russian language"

Rice. 1. Model of generalized labor and labor functions a teacher in a new professional standard

Generalized labor pedagogical activities for the design and implementation of the educational process in educational institutions of preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education (BUT) includes labor general pedagogical function(training, educational and developmental activities.

Pedagogical activities for the design and implementation of basic general education programs (IN) is revealed in the following labor functions: pedagogical activities for the implementation of programs of preschool, primary general and basic and secondary general education and two modules of subject teaching (mathematics and Russian).

Generally, the professional standard of a teacher reflects the structure of his professional activity: training, education and development of the child. In accordance with the strategy of modern education in a changing world, it is significantly filled with psychological pedagogical and ICT competencies designed to help the teacher in solving new problems facing him.

Related publications:

Methodological cheat sheet of the teacher "Structure of the lesson according to the Federal State Educational Standard of DO" Preparing a teacher for classes: Preparing a teacher for classes consists of three stages: Planning classes; Equipment preparation

From a professional teacher to a competitive specialist Whatever reforms take place in the education system, in the end they are locked on a specific performer - the teacher. It is he who is the main one.

For the 2016-2017 academic year Topic: "Moral and patriotic education of preschoolers" Purpose: Education of a humane, spiritual and moral personality.

Project Management of the development of human resources in the context of the implementation of a professional standard The issue of professional development of educators is one of the key issues. The professional standard of the teacher is intended for.

Development of professional competencies of a young teacher in accordance with the requirements of the professional standard The ability to educate is still an art, the same art as playing the violin or the piano well, painting well. A. S. Makarenko.

In 2013, a professional standard for a teacher was developed, which, according to Federal Law No. 122, adopted in May 2015, must be applied from January 1, 2017. Let's figure out what it is and why it is needed.

Education and training of children- a real art, which in one way or another must be mastered by every teacher. However, at the present stage of life, a teacher is, first of all, a profession that, according to the latest trends, must meet certain standards designed to replace obsolete job descriptions and other documents regulating the professional activities of teachers.

That is why, back in 2013, a specially created working group chaired by Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yamburg developed a professional standard for a teacher, covering, inter alia, such issues as the reform of the teacher training system, modernization of the teacher education system and changes in the teacher certification system.

According to Federal Law No. 122, adopted in May 2015, this standard is mandatory for application from January 1, 2017. Let's figure out what it is and why it is needed.

Professional standard of a teacher - what is the essence?

Professional standard of a teacher Is a document that takes into account all the requirements for the personality and professional competence of teachers. Now the qualification level of the teacher will be assigned in accordance with this normative act. It should also be taken into account when hiring a teacher and when drawing up his job description.

The document for teachers describes in detail all the knowledge and skills that they must possess, and also specifies labor actions depending on the direction of work (educator in a preschool institution, primary school teacher, subject teacher, etc.).

It is expected that thanks to the introduction of the professional standard, the basis of the Russian education system will be made up of real professionals who can work with a wide variety of categories of children (gifted, disabled, orphans, migrants, etc.) and effectively interact with other specialists (defectologists, psychologists, social educators, etc.) etc.).


Reasons for introducing a professional standard

Qualification manuals, together with job descriptions, are no longer effective in today's realities - this is what the Ministry of Labor thought and began to develop a modern professional standard of the teacher... Why was it noticed? The fact is that such concepts as "qualification" and "professional standard" appeared in the Labor Code, which gradually began to be applied to different professions, and the pedagogical could not stand aside.

Preparation for the introduction of the professional standard

As mentioned above, the development of the document began back in 2013, and it was planned that everything would be finalized and tested (tested for suitability) by January 1, 2015. However, its introduction had to be postponed for 2 years due to great difficulties in development.

During this period, the document was brought to mind, and the standards themselves were tested on the basis of several dozen educational institutions. The results were generally positive:

  • the level of training of students has increased;
  • the working conditions of teachers have improved;
  • the parents appreciated the changes well.

And as a result, in 2017, it was decided to start the widespread introduction of a new professional standard for a teacher.

The structure and content of the professional standard

The document is structured according to the principle of separation labor functions of a teacher from preschool educators to mid-level teachers. The focus is on the three most important areas in which all educators should be competent:

  • education;
  • upbringing;
  • development.

The description of each function includes three blocks: "Labor activities", "Required skills" and "Required knowledge". Further, the functions of teachers are subdivided depending on the direction of their work:

  • Activities of preschool teachers.
  • Activities of teachers of primary education.
  • Activities of teachers of basic and secondary education.
  • Module "Subject training. Mathematics".
  • Module "Subject training. Russian language".

Likewise in every kind teaching activities labor actions, knowledge and skills of the teacher are concretized.

Having studied all the requirements, one can come to the conclusion that a modern teacher should be universally educated, erudite and progressive. The emphasis is also placed on the ability to find an approach to each child, respect his personality and correctly assess his abilities.


How will the transition to new standards proceed?

At the moment, there is no single plan for the transition to the new standard for all institutions. Obviously, the management of each educational organization will, at its own discretion, include certain measures for implementation pedagogical professional standard in an educational institution. However, in any case, the commission will have to answer for the introduction of professional standards, which is tentatively obliged to do the following:

  • Compare the positions held in a particular institution with the names that are spelled out in the standard.
  • Check labor contracts and, if necessary, make adjustments in accordance with the professional standard.
  • Check the employees of the educational institution for compliance with the professional standard, according to the positions held.
  • Provide management with the final audit report.

True, it is not yet entirely clear how to deal with teachers who do not comply with the professional standard. If such an employee was initially adopted in accordance with labor legislation, has successfully passed certification and generally does a good job at work, then it is inappropriate to dismiss him, even taking into account the partial inconsistency with the standards that have appeared.

Will the professional standard affect teachers' salaries?

About promotion remuneration of teachers confirming compliance with the professional standard, the authorities spoke back in 2013, but there were no official statements. Therefore, it remains to wait and hope ...

Problems of introducing a professional standard

While many teachers find it difficult to fulfill all the requirements of the professional standard. In particular, they say that today it is problematic to do this due to:

  • insufficient material and technical base of educational organizations,
  • poorly developed accessible environment for all students (ramps, entrances to buildings, etc.),
  • too much workload for one teacher to count on an individual approach to each student.

Nevertheless, even if today not every teacher can boast of full compliance with all the criteria of the professional standard, it should be considered as a guideline in his teaching activities and gradually improve in order to better approach the training and education of the younger generation.

Implementation of the standard of professional activity of a teacher

At the present stage of modernization of education, society needs teachers of a new format. For the first time in Russian education, the concept and content of the professional standard of a teacher is being formed.

Why do you need a professional teacher standard?

The standard is a tool for implementing the education strategy in a changing world, improving the quality of education and bringing domestic education to the international level.

The standard is an objective measure of the qualifications of a teacher, a means of selecting teachers for educational institutions, the basis for the formation of an employment contract that fixes the relationship between an employee and an employer.

The need to fill the teacher's professional standard with new competencies is due to:

Working with gifted students.

Work in the context of the implementation of inclusive education programs.

Teaching the Russian language to students for whom it is not native.

Working with students with developmental problems.

Working with deviant, addicted, socially neglected and socially vulnerable students with serious behavioral deviations.

Professional standards in Russia are developed in accordance with clause 1 of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2012 No. 597"On measures for the implementation of state social policy."The Ministry of Labor of Russia coordinates the development of professional standards.

In December 2012, amendments were made to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation: Chapter 31 was supplemented by Article 195.1. The concept of an employee's qualifications, a professional standard, according to which:

professional standard - this is a characteristic of the qualifications necessary for an employee to carry out a certain type of professional activity, including the performance of a certain labor function,

employee qualifications Is the level of knowledge, skills, professional skills and work experience of the employee.

The professional standard describes labor functions for a certain type of activity, as well as requirements for the knowledge and skills of specialists performing these functions.

In the field of education, approved4 professional standards:

    Educator(pedagogical activity in the field of preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education) (educator, teacher).

    Educator-psychologist(a psychologist in the field of education).

    Teacher of additional education for children and adults.

    Teacher of vocational training, vocational education and additional vocational education.

Occupational standards are used by employers in the formation of personnel policy and in personnel management, in the organization of training and certification of employees, the conclusion of labor contracts, the development of job descriptions and the establishment of remuneration systemsfrom January 1, 2017.

Let's take a closer look at the content of the professional standard“Teacher (pedagogical activity in the field of preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education) (educator, teacher)”.

The teacher's professional standard is a framework document that definesthe mainrequirements for his qualifications. The national framework of the standard can be supplemented with regional requirements that take into account the socio-cultural, demographic and other characteristics of a given territory. The professional standard of a teacher can also be supplemented by the internal standard of an educational institution in accordance with the specifics of educational programs implemented in this institution.

Given the special place and role in general secondary education of subjects such as and the Russian language, the obligation to submit them in the form of the Unified State Exam for all school graduates without exception, the document separately highlights the professional standards of a teacher in these specialties.

The professional standard of a teacher reflects the structure of his professional activity: training, upbringing and development of a child. In accordance with the strategy of modern education, it is substantially filled with psychological and pedagogical competencies designed to help the teacher in solving new problems. The standard puts forward requirements for the personal qualities of a teacher, inseparable from his professional competencies, such as the willingness to teach all children without exception, regardless of their inclinations, abilities, developmental characteristics, disabilities. The teacher should comply with legal, moral and ethical standards, the requirements of professional ethics.

The professional standard of a teacher can be applied:

    when applying for a job in a general education institution for the position of "teacher";

    when conducting certification of teacherseducational institutions by regional executive authorities in charge of education;

    when carrying out certification of teachers by the educational organizations themselves, if they are given the appropriate powers.The professional standard is applied to:

    determine the necessary qualifications of a teacher, which affects the learning outcomes, upbringing and development of the child;

    to provide the necessary training for the teacher to obtain high results of his work;

    to provide the necessary awareness of the teacher about the requirements for him;

    to promote the involvement of teachers in solving the problem of improving the quality of education.

The structure of the professional standard of a teacher

Professional standard of a teacher contains a description of the labor functions of teachersand consists of 4 sections:

I. General information.

II. Description of labor functions included in the professional standard(functional card of the type of professional activity).

III. Characteristics of generalized labor functions.

IV. Information about the organizations-developers of the professional standard.

Let's take a look at the first section of the document. The structure of the approved professional standard of a teacher includes four levels of education: preschool, primary general, basic general and secondary general education.

The main purpose of professional activity is indicated - this isprovision of educational services for basic general education programs by educational organizations (organizations providing training).

In the second section, "Description of labor functions included in the professional standard (functional map of the type of professional activity)," the generalized labor functions of the teacher are divided into two groups. The first group includes pedagogical activities for the design and implementation of the educational process in educational institutions at all four levels of education and divides their labor functions into three areas:

    General pedagogical function. Education.

    Educational activities.

    Developing activities.

The second group includes pedagogical activities for the design and implementation of basic general education programs and lists the related types of pedagogical activities for the implementation of programs:

preschool education

primary general education

basic and secondary general education

module “Subject training. Mathematics"

module “Subject training. Russian language"

The third section "Characteristics of generalized labor functions" describes in detail what competencies a teacher should possess, realizing a general pedagogical function - teaching, performing educational and developmental activities. Each of these three areas is considered from the point of view of labor actions, necessary skills and necessary knowledge.

I would like to draw your attention to the necessary skills in each of the designated areas.

Part one: general pedagogical function. education.

The necessary skills of a teacher include the following skills:

    Ownforms and methods of teaching that go beyond the lessons: laboratory experiments, field practiceetc.

    Objectively assess the knowledge of students on the basis of testing and other control methods in accordance with the real learning capabilities of children.

    To develop and apply modern psychological and pedagogical technologies based on knowledge of the laws of personality development and behavior in a real and virtual environment.

    Use and testspecial approaches to learning in order to include all students in the educational process, including those with special educational needs; gifted students; pupils for whom Russian is not their native language; students with disabilities.

    OwnICT competencies

    Organize various types of extracurricular activities: play, educational and research, artistic and productive, cultural and leisure, taking into accountopportunities of the educational organization, place of residence and historical and cultural originality of the region.

Part two: educational activities.

We list some labor actions that are included in the professional standard of a teacher:

regulation of student behavior to ensure a safe educational environment;

implementation of modern, including interactive, forms and methods of educational work, using them both in class and in extracurricular activities;

setting educational goals that contribute to the development of students, regardless of their abilities and character;

determination and adoption of clear rules of behavior for students in accordance with the charter of the educational organization and the rules of the internal labor schedule;

design and implementation of educational programs;

assistance and support in organizing the activities of student self-government bodies;

formation of tolerance and behavior skills in a changing multicultural environment:

the use of constructive educational efforts of parents (legal representatives) of students, assistance to the family in solving issues of raising a child.

The necessary labor skills of a teacher in educational work include the following skills:

    buildeducational activities taking into account the cultural differences of children, gender, age and individual characteristics;

    communicatewith children, recognizing their dignity, understanding and accepting them;

    createin study groups, children and adult communities of different ages of students, their parents and teachers;

    to governclass in order to involve students in the process of teaching and upbringing, motivating their educational and cognitive activities;

    analyzethe real state of affairs in the classroom, to maintain a friendly business atmosphere in the children's team;

    protectdignity and interests of students, to help children in conflict situationsand/or adverse conditions;

    findthe value aspect of educational knowledge and information and ensure its understanding and experience by students;

    own methodsorganization of excursions, hikes and expeditions;

    cooperatel with other teachers and specialists in solving educational problems.

Part three "Development activities" suggests the followinglabor actions:

identification in the course of observation of the behavioral and personal problems of students associated with the peculiarities of their development;

assessment of parameters and design of a psychologically safe and comfortable educational environment, development of programs for the prevention of various forms of violence at school;

development and application of psychological and pedagogical technologies (including inclusive ones) necessary for targeted work with various contingents of students: gifted children, socially vulnerable children, children in difficult life situations, migrant children, orphans, children with special educational needs (autists, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, etc.), children with disabilities, children with behavioral deviations, children with addiction;

skills:

    To have a professional attitude towards helping any child, regardless of his real educational capabilities, behavioral characteristics, state of mental and physical health.

    To use psychological approaches in the practice of their work: cultural-historical, activity and developmental.

    To carry out, together with a psychologist and other specialists, psychological and pedagogical support of basic educational programs.

    Understand the documentation of specialists (psychologists, defectologists, speech therapists).

    To compose, together with a psychologist and other specialists, the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the student's personality.

    To develop and implement individual educational routes, individual development programs and individually-oriented educational programs, taking into account the personal and age characteristics of students.

    To possess standardized methods of psychodiagnostics of personal characteristics and age characteristics of students.

    Evaluate educational results: subject and meta-subject competencies formed in the taught subject, as well as monitor personal characteristics together with a psychologist.

    Form child-adult communities.

The further content of the section of the professional standard is aimed at determining

    professional competencies of a preschool teacher(educator)reflecting the specifics of work at the preschool level of education;

    professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of work in primary school;

    professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of a teacher's work in primary and secondary schools;

    professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of the work of a teacher of the Russian language;

    professional competencies of a teacher, reflecting the specifics of a teacher's work.

The professional standard of a teacher is mandatory for use by educational organizations, organizations that carry out educational activities to provide educational services for basic general education programs in the field of preschool and primary general education, basic general and secondary general education.

Expanding the boundaries of the teacher's freedom, the professional standard at the same time increases his responsibility for the results of his work, making requirements for his qualifications, proposing criteria for her assessment.

Taking into account the different level of qualifications of teachers in the country, a procedure is envisaged for the gradual, phased introduction of the professional standard of a teacher.

Methods for assessing the fulfillment of the requirements of the professional standard of a teacher

The final assessment of the teacher's professional activity is based on the results of training, education and development of students. In making such a comprehensive assessment, it is necessary to take into account the levels of education, inclinations and abilities of children, the characteristics of their development and real learning opportunities.

Assessment of the teacher's compliance with the requirements of the professional standard can be carried out byinternal and external audit.

Audit(from Latin audit - listens)Is a procedure for independently evaluating the activities of an organization, system, process, project or product.

In the course of the personnel audit, the level of compliance of the employee with the position occupied by him is established, personal qualities are assessed, and a comprehensive characteristic is given to the employees.

External audit - this is an assessment with the involvement of specialists from an audit firm to obtain a truly independent assessment, which can only be given by an “outsider” view.

Internal audit - an audit carried out by the organization's own resources, for example, the audit commission, or by another organization on its behalf to assess compliance with professional requirements for teachers.

Both types of audit include the analysis of plans and reports, attendance at lessons, learning outcomes, education and development of students.

The collection of data for assessment is carried out through "effective" interviewing, listening, observation, analysis of documents, records and documented data. The results of the attestation of teachers can also be used as an external audit.

The professional activity of a preschool teacher is assessed only in a comprehensive manner. The high score includes a combination of indicators of the dynamics of the development of the child's integrative qualities, the child's positive attitude towards kindergarten and a high degree of parental activity and involvement in solving educational problems and kindergarten life.

Assessing the professional qualities of a teacher, it is necessary to provide feedback with consumers of his activity. These consumers are the students themselves and their parents. From this it follows that the assessment of the teacher's activity goes beyond the narrow departmental framework and requires the consolidation of organizational forms and the corresponding procedure for conducting, ensuring public participation in this procedure.

The introduction of a professional standard for a teacher provides the regions of the Russian Federation and educational organizations with additional degrees of freedom, at the same time imposing a serious responsibility on them.

Regional education authorities, together with the professional community, can develop supplements to it. In turn, educational organizations have the opportunity to formulate their internal standards, on the basis of which it will be necessary to develop and adopt local regulations that fix the requirements for the qualifications of teachers, corresponding to the tasks of this educational organization and the specifics of its activities.

Obviously, the widespread introduction of the professional standard of a teacher cannot happen instantly, on a command from above. A period is needed for its completion and adaptation of the professional community to it.